Chongqing Beiwenquan hot springs were continuously monitored from May 1 to July 4,2008,during the May 12,2008 Ms 8.0 earthquake.On the spot in these hot springs were measured during this time. Chongqing Beiwenquan hot...Chongqing Beiwenquan hot springs were continuously monitored from May 1 to July 4,2008,during the May 12,2008 Ms 8.0 earthquake.On the spot in these hot springs were measured during this time. Chongqing Beiwenquan hot spring about 400 km away from Wenchuan Sichuan,had a huge response to the earthquake.After the earthquake,three higher elevation springs are cutoff,and the other four springs’ discharge has been increased nearly 50%. Temperature of these springs all reduced 1℃. Concentration of K<sup>+</sup>,Na<sup>+</sup>,Ca<sup>2+</sup> in these hot springs has been reduced,and has an excellent linear correlation.Concentration of Mg<sup>2+</sup> has been increased,Concentration of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>,F<sup>-</sup> has展开更多
A multi-block model and a corresponding computer program have been developed which predict the kinematics of landslides.Furthermore,a unique event for studying different models simulating the triggering and movement o...A multi-block model and a corresponding computer program have been developed which predict the kinematics of landslides.Furthermore,a unique event for studying different models simulating the triggering and movement of landslides is the 2008Wenchuan earthquake in the mountainous region in Sichuan Province of China,which caused a large number of rapid landslides.The purpose of the paper is two-fold:(a)to propose and incorporate into the multi-block model constitutive relations predicting soil response along slip surfaces,and(b)to apply the multi-block model with the constitutive relations at landslides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake.The proposed constitutive equations predict the shape of the shear stress-displacement response measured in ring shear tests.In the application,four landslides caused by the Wenchuan earthquake were considered.Only in one of these landslides the shear resistance-displacement response along the slip surface has been measured in laboratory tests.At this landslide,the triggering and movement of the landslide was predicted.In the other landslides,back analyses were performed and it was observed that the multi-block model predicted reasonably well the final configuration of all slides.In addition,as the measured and back-estimated total friction angle of all landslides was less than 180,and the materials along the slip surface were sandy,it is inferred that some,or all of the slip surface during these slides was sheared in an undrained manner and excess pore pressures generated during sliding played a key role in the triggering and movement of these landslides.Concluding,the paper(A)proposed and validated a multi-block constitutive model which can be applied to predict the triggering and movement of earthquake-induced slides and(B)by analyzing four landslides of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,it concludes that some,or all of the slip surface during these slides,was sheared in an undrained manner and excess pore pressures generated during sliding played a key role in the triggering and movement of these landslides.展开更多
The "5·12" Wenchuan Earthquake presents two challenges-reconstruction of the devastated areas and building adequate seismic resistance into the rest of China.The stages in recovery include structural co...The "5·12" Wenchuan Earthquake presents two challenges-reconstruction of the devastated areas and building adequate seismic resistance into the rest of China.The stages in recovery include structural condition assessment,identification of seismic weaknesses,appreciation of the variable seismicity of PR China,the development of a seismic performance index to aid the decision to relocate,rebuild or retrofit,development and application of the principles of retrofitting which recycles rubble and waste from Wenchuan "5·12",with an emphasis on integrating masonry construction into seismic resistance.The recovery and resilience achieved through structural engineering must be integrated into a broader community involvement in disaster risk reduction.展开更多
文摘Chongqing Beiwenquan hot springs were continuously monitored from May 1 to July 4,2008,during the May 12,2008 Ms 8.0 earthquake.On the spot in these hot springs were measured during this time. Chongqing Beiwenquan hot spring about 400 km away from Wenchuan Sichuan,had a huge response to the earthquake.After the earthquake,three higher elevation springs are cutoff,and the other four springs’ discharge has been increased nearly 50%. Temperature of these springs all reduced 1℃. Concentration of K<sup>+</sup>,Na<sup>+</sup>,Ca<sup>2+</sup> in these hot springs has been reduced,and has an excellent linear correlation.Concentration of Mg<sup>2+</sup> has been increased,Concentration of SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>,F<sup>-</sup> has
基金The National Key R＆D Program of China (2017YFC1502903) Sichuan International Cooperation and Exchange for Science and Technology (2016HH0079)+1 种基金 ＂Novel methodologies for the assessment of risk of ground displacement＂ under ESPA 2007-2013 of Greece under
文摘A multi-block model and a corresponding computer program have been developed which predict the kinematics of landslides.Furthermore,a unique event for studying different models simulating the triggering and movement of landslides is the 2008Wenchuan earthquake in the mountainous region in Sichuan Province of China,which caused a large number of rapid landslides.The purpose of the paper is two-fold:(a)to propose and incorporate into the multi-block model constitutive relations predicting soil response along slip surfaces,and(b)to apply the multi-block model with the constitutive relations at landslides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake.The proposed constitutive equations predict the shape of the shear stress-displacement response measured in ring shear tests.In the application,four landslides caused by the Wenchuan earthquake were considered.Only in one of these landslides the shear resistance-displacement response along the slip surface has been measured in laboratory tests.At this landslide,the triggering and movement of the landslide was predicted.In the other landslides,back analyses were performed and it was observed that the multi-block model predicted reasonably well the final configuration of all slides.In addition,as the measured and back-estimated total friction angle of all landslides was less than 180,and the materials along the slip surface were sandy,it is inferred that some,or all of the slip surface during these slides was sheared in an undrained manner and excess pore pressures generated during sliding played a key role in the triggering and movement of these landslides.Concluding,the paper(A)proposed and validated a multi-block constitutive model which can be applied to predict the triggering and movement of earthquake-induced slides and(B)by analyzing four landslides of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,it concludes that some,or all of the slip surface during these slides,was sheared in an undrained manner and excess pore pressures generated during sliding played a key role in the triggering and movement of these landslides.
文摘The "5·12" Wenchuan Earthquake presents two challenges-reconstruction of the devastated areas and building adequate seismic resistance into the rest of China.The stages in recovery include structural condition assessment,identification of seismic weaknesses,appreciation of the variable seismicity of PR China,the development of a seismic performance index to aid the decision to relocate,rebuild or retrofit,development and application of the principles of retrofitting which recycles rubble and waste from Wenchuan "5·12",with an emphasis on integrating masonry construction into seismic resistance.The recovery and resilience achieved through structural engineering must be integrated into a broader community involvement in disaster risk reduction.
