Background Transgenic research in crops involves using genetic engineering techniques to introduce specific genes of interest from other organisms,or even entirely new genes into plant genomes to create crops with des...Background Transgenic research in crops involves using genetic engineering techniques to introduce specific genes of interest from other organisms,or even entirely new genes into plant genomes to create crops with desirable traits that wouldn’t be possible through conventional breeding methods.Transgenic crops have been developed for various traits globally.Whitefly,Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)is one of the major sucking pests of cotton that cause significant damage to the cotton production.To combat whitefly infestations,researchers have developed four transgenic cotton lines expressing the fern protein.And those transgenic lines need to be evaluated for their performance against the target pest—whitefly.The evaluation was designed as controlled trials in polyhouse or muslin cloth cages under open-choice and no-choice conditions by comparing four transgenic cotton lines(A,B,C,and D)with three control groups,including untransformed cotton plants with a same genetic background of the transgenic line,conventionally bred whitefly-resistant cotton,and whitefly-susceptible cotton.In order to study the generational effect,the evaluation also involved studies on whitefly development in laboratory,muslin cloth cage,and polyhouse conditions.Results Both open-choice and no-choice experiments had shown that all the four transgenic cotton lines(A,B,C,and D)expressing the fern protein reduced adult whitefly numbers significantly compared with the control lines,except for the no-choice conditions in 2021,where the transgenic line C was non-significant different from the resistant control line.Notably,the nymphal population on the resistant control line was relatively low and nonsignificant different from the transgenic line C in 2021;and the transgenic lines A and C in 2022 under open-choice conditions.Under no-choice condition,the nymphal counts in the resistant control line was non-significant different from transgenic lines C and D in 2021;and transgenic line D in 2022.All transgenic lines showed significant decrease in egg hatching in 2021 and nymphal development in 2022,except for the transgenic line C which had no significant different in the nymphal development comparing with non-transgenic control lines in 2022.Adult emergence rates in both years of evaluation showed significant decrease in transgenic lines A and B comparing with the control lines.Additionally,the results showed a significant reduction in cotton leaf curl disease and sooty mold development in all the four transgenic lines compared with susceptible control under open-choice conditions,indicating potential benefits of transgenic lines beyond direct effect on whitefly control.Furthermore,the research explored the generational effects of the fern protein on whitefly which revealed the lowest fecundity in the transgenic line C across F0,F1 and F3 generations,lower egg hatching in F1 and F2 generations in transgenic lines A and B,shorter nymphal duration in F1 and F2 generations in transgenic line B,and the least total adult emergence in the transgenic line C in F0 and F3 generations.Conclusions These findings suggest that the transgenic cotton lines expressing fern protein disrupts whitefly populations and the life cycle to a certain extent.However,results are not consistent over generations and years of study,indicating these transgenic lines were not superior over control lines and need to be improved in future breeding.展开更多
Forest fire accidents caused by distribution line faults occur frequently,resulting in heavy impacts on people’s safety and social and economic development.Currently,there are few risk assessments for forest fires in...Forest fire accidents caused by distribution line faults occur frequently,resulting in heavy impacts on people’s safety and social and economic development.Currently,there are few risk assessments for forest fires induced by over-head distribution lines,and existing assessment methods may have difficulties in data acquisition.On this basis,a novel as-sessment framework based on an analytic hierarchy process,a Bayesian network and a Fussel-Vesely importance metric is proposed in this paper.The framework combines field research and historical operation and maintenance data to assess the regional-scale risk of forest fires induced by overhead distribution lines to derive the probability of forest fires and to identify high-risk lines and key hazard events in the assessment region.Finally,taking the southern Anhui region as an ex-ample,the annual fire probability of forest fires induced by overhead distribution lines in the southern Anhui region is 5.88%,and rectification measures are proposed.This study provides management with a complete assessment framework that optimizes the difficulty of data collection and allows for additional targeted corrective measures to be proposed for the entire region and route on the basis of the assessment results.展开更多
Breeding for wilt resistance and its theoretical basis are primarily responsible for increases in cotton yield and fiber quality. Breeding for immunity is the most efficient method in our struggle with infectious dise...Breeding for wilt resistance and its theoretical basis are primarily responsible for increases in cotton yield and fiber quality. Breeding for immunity is the most efficient method in our struggle with infectious diseases.展开更多
Microstrip transmission lines connecting to the millimeter wave radar chip and antenna significantly affect the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna.Here,a wideband non-uniform wavy microstrip line for co...Microstrip transmission lines connecting to the millimeter wave radar chip and antenna significantly affect the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna.Here,a wideband non-uniform wavy microstrip line for complex impedance in automotive radar frequency range is proposed.Unlike the gradient transmission line,the wavy structure is composed of periodically semi-circular segments.By adjusting the radius of the semi-circular,the surface current is varied and concentrated on the semi-circular segments,allowing a wider tunability range of the resonant frequency.The results reveal that the bandwidth of the loaded wavy transmission line antenna improves to 9.37 GHz,which is 5.81 GHz wider than that of the loaded gradient line.The gain and the half power beam width of the loaded antenna are about 14.69 dB and 9.58°,respectively.The proposed non-uniform microstrip line scheme may open up a route for realizing wideband millimeter-wave automotive radar applications.展开更多
The finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM) are often adopted. However, they are not convenient to spatially vary thermal properties of functionally graded material (FGM). Therefore, the meth...The finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM) are often adopted. However, they are not convenient to spatially vary thermal properties of functionally graded material (FGM). Therefore, the method of lines (MOL) is introduced to solve the temperature field of FGM. The basic idea of the method is to semi-discretize the governing equation into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) defined on discrete lines by means of the finite difference method. The temperature field of FGM can be obtained by solving the ODEs. The functions of thermal properties are directly embodied in these equations and these properties are not discretized in the domain. Thus, difficulty of FEM and BEM is overcome by the method. As a numerical example, the temperature field of a plane problem is analyzed for FGMs through varying thermal conductivity coefficient by the MOL.展开更多
The proposed Doppler measurement technique shows that the Doppler measurements can be accomplished by a single pulse with multiple frequency components through optical fibre delay lines.Range and velocity ambiguity ca...The proposed Doppler measurement technique shows that the Doppler measurements can be accomplished by a single pulse with multiple frequency components through optical fibre delay lines.Range and velocity ambiguity can be removed,and the velocity resolution can be improved dramatically by using long optical fibre delay lines.Furthermore,the velocity resolution can be modified by adjusting the length of optical fibre delay lines.In addition,the proposed radar can achieve high range resolution by using a single wideband pulse.As a result,the new approach can improve radar performance significantly.展开更多
The margin maximization problem in digital subscriber line（DSL） systems is investigated.The particle swarm optimization（PSO） theory is applied to the nonconvex margin optimization problem with the target power and...The margin maximization problem in digital subscriber line（DSL） systems is investigated.The particle swarm optimization（PSO） theory is applied to the nonconvex margin optimization problem with the target power and rate constraints.PSO is a new evolution algorithm based on the social behavior of swarms, which can solve discontinuous, nonconvex and nonlinear problems efficiently.The proposed algorithm can converge to the global optimal solution, and numerical example demonstrates that the proposed algorithm can guarantee the fast convergence within a few iterations.展开更多
In order to study the sliding characteristics when the cable is connected with the other rods in the transmission line structures,a linear sliding cable element based on updated Lagrangian formulation and a sliding ca...In order to study the sliding characteristics when the cable is connected with the other rods in the transmission line structures,a linear sliding cable element based on updated Lagrangian formulation and a sliding catenary element considering the out-of-plane stiffness coefficient are put forward.A two-span and a three-span cable structures are taken as examples to verify the sliding cable elements.By comparing the tensions of the two proposed cable elements with the existing research results,the error is less than 1%,which proves the correctness of the proposed elements.The sliding characteristics should be considered in the practical engineering because of the significant difference between the tensions of sliding cable elements and those of cable element without considering sliding.The out-of-plane stiffness coefficient and friction characteristics do not obviously affect the cable tensions.展开更多
Methods of the comprehensive evaluation have been studied for many years. However, the change speed of evaluated objects was rarely considered by the existing evaluation methods. An evaluation matrix is proposed to re...Methods of the comprehensive evaluation have been studied for many years. However, the change speed of evaluated objects was rarely considered by the existing evaluation methods. An evaluation matrix is proposed to remedy this deficiency. Firstly, the change speed state （CSS） of the evaluated objects is analyzed based on double inspiriting control lines （DICLs）, and a matrix of the CSS is constructed. Then, 72 elements in the matrix are analyzed, and formulas describing each CSS are given. The efficiency of the proposed evaluation matrix is proved when the CSS merges with the change speed trend （CST） in the dynamic comprehensive evaluation. Finally, a computing example shows that the proposed evaluation matrix is feasible in the dynamic comprehensive evaluation with the speed feature.展开更多
The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMM...The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMMCN reliabilities evaluation and multi-objective transmission lines assignment optimization. First, a reliability evaluation with a transmission line assignment (RETLA) algorithm is proposed to calculate the MMMCN reliabilities under the cost constraint for a certain transmission lines configuration. Second, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted to find the non-dominated set of the transmission lines assignments based on the reliabilities obtained from the RETLA algorithm. By combining the RETLA and the NSGA-II algorithms together, the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm is proposed to solve the OTLAMR problem. The experiments result show that the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm can provide efficient solutions in a reasonable time, from which the decision makers can choose the best solution based on their preferences and experiences.展开更多
Daidzein is always added into poultry feed to make the production performance and immunity of poultry better. In this study, a total of 600 40-week-old Hy-Line variety brown layers were randomized into five groups and...Daidzein is always added into poultry feed to make the production performance and immunity of poultry better. In this study, a total of 600 40-week-old Hy-Line variety brown layers were randomized into five groups and fed with a corn-soybean-mixed basal diet supplement with 0, 10, 50, 100, and 500 mg · kg^-1 daidzein, respectively. Then, two PCR-based typing methods（RAPD-PCR and ERIC-PCR） were combined to analyze the ileum content and explore the changes of ileum microflora biodiversity. The results of RAPD-PCR and ERIC-PCR showed that bands under 10 mg · kg^-1 and 50 mg · kg^-1 were the most, and their similarity was the largest. Bands under 500 mg · kg^-1 were the least and similarity with other groups was the minimum. Ileum microflora biodiversity under 10 mg · kg^-1 or 50 mg · kg^-1 was richer than that under 500 mg · kg^-1. A corn-soybean-mixed basal diet supplement with 10 mg · kg^-1 to 50 mg · kg^-1 of daidzein might be beneficial to Hy-Line variety brown layers intestinal bacteria.展开更多
The main cultivated varieties in the world belong to the species of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.),and their genetic background is very narrow.However,the wild species and races in
The genetic base that cotton breeders commonly use to improve Upland cultivars is very narrow.The AD-genome species Gossypium barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum are part of
A pot culture trial was conducted to investigate the changes of the biomass and acid phosphatase （APase） activity in 10 maize lines under low-P stress. P-deficiency significantly decreased the biomass, but induced t...A pot culture trial was conducted to investigate the changes of the biomass and acid phosphatase （APase） activity in 10 maize lines under low-P stress. P-deficiency significantly decreased the biomass, but induced the significant enhancement of the APase activity. Since P-deficiency had smaller effects on the low-P tolerant maize lines compared with P-sensitive lines, it was demonstrated that differences of tolerance to P-deficiency existed among 10 different maize lines. In addition, the relative biomass and APase activity changed during the vegetative stage of development, and there existed a significant correlation between the biomass and APase activity under low-P stress. These results suggest that the biomass and APase activity can be regarded as indicative traits of maize lines for tolerance to low-P stress at seedling stage.展开更多
Two hundred and eighty-eight Wulong geese of fast-growth lines were selected to be fattened respectively in netting bed, then divided into eight groups with three replications in each group. The diets contained differ...Two hundred and eighty-eight Wulong geese of fast-growth lines were selected to be fattened respectively in netting bed, then divided into eight groups with three replications in each group. The diets contained different contents of Ca and P to determine the best level for the early growth of Wulong goose. The result suggested that, during the early period, the proportion of Ca and NPP (non-Phytate Phosnhorus) had significant influence on its growth (P < 0.05), when the dietary level of Ca was 0.65% and NPP was 0.30% (the proportion of Ca and NPP was 2.17:1), the liveweight gain was higher, so were the eviscerated ratio and eviscerated weight with giblet ratio, feed/gain(F/G) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity at four weeks were lower. The Wulong goose grew well at the proportion between 1.88 : 1 and 2.50 : 1, and grew worst at 1.38 : 1.展开更多
To solve the coupling effect of multiconductor transmission lines excited by external electromagnetic wave, the modified method of characteristics is proposed. The modified method of characteristics which can compute ...To solve the coupling effect of multiconductor transmission lines excited by external electromagnetic wave, the modified method of characteristics is proposed. The modified method of characteristics which can compute the terminal induced voltages excited by the external electromagnetic wave when the terminal networks or intereonnection networks contain the dynamic elements is introduced. The simulation results indicate that the modified method can analyze the terminal induced voltages when the terminal networks or the interconnection networks contain the dynamic elements excited by the external electromagnetic wave. And the results are compared with the results acquired by FDTD method, the two results are completely same. So one effective modified method is implemented to compute the transmission lines.展开更多
文摘Background Transgenic research in crops involves using genetic engineering techniques to introduce specific genes of interest from other organisms,or even entirely new genes into plant genomes to create crops with desirable traits that wouldn’t be possible through conventional breeding methods.Transgenic crops have been developed for various traits globally.Whitefly,Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)is one of the major sucking pests of cotton that cause significant damage to the cotton production.To combat whitefly infestations,researchers have developed four transgenic cotton lines expressing the fern protein.And those transgenic lines need to be evaluated for their performance against the target pest—whitefly.The evaluation was designed as controlled trials in polyhouse or muslin cloth cages under open-choice and no-choice conditions by comparing four transgenic cotton lines(A,B,C,and D)with three control groups,including untransformed cotton plants with a same genetic background of the transgenic line,conventionally bred whitefly-resistant cotton,and whitefly-susceptible cotton.In order to study the generational effect,the evaluation also involved studies on whitefly development in laboratory,muslin cloth cage,and polyhouse conditions.Results Both open-choice and no-choice experiments had shown that all the four transgenic cotton lines(A,B,C,and D)expressing the fern protein reduced adult whitefly numbers significantly compared with the control lines,except for the no-choice conditions in 2021,where the transgenic line C was non-significant different from the resistant control line.Notably,the nymphal population on the resistant control line was relatively low and nonsignificant different from the transgenic line C in 2021;and the transgenic lines A and C in 2022 under open-choice conditions.Under no-choice condition,the nymphal counts in the resistant control line was non-significant different from transgenic lines C and D in 2021;and transgenic line D in 2022.All transgenic lines showed significant decrease in egg hatching in 2021 and nymphal development in 2022,except for the transgenic line C which had no significant different in the nymphal development comparing with non-transgenic control lines in 2022.Adult emergence rates in both years of evaluation showed significant decrease in transgenic lines A and B comparing with the control lines.Additionally,the results showed a significant reduction in cotton leaf curl disease and sooty mold development in all the four transgenic lines compared with susceptible control under open-choice conditions,indicating potential benefits of transgenic lines beyond direct effect on whitefly control.Furthermore,the research explored the generational effects of the fern protein on whitefly which revealed the lowest fecundity in the transgenic line C across F0,F1 and F3 generations,lower egg hatching in F1 and F2 generations in transgenic lines A and B,shorter nymphal duration in F1 and F2 generations in transgenic line B,and the least total adult emergence in the transgenic line C in F0 and F3 generations.Conclusions These findings suggest that the transgenic cotton lines expressing fern protein disrupts whitefly populations and the life cycle to a certain extent.However,results are not consistent over generations and years of study,indicating these transgenic lines were not superior over control lines and need to be improved in future breeding.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3003101)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2320000050)the Science and Technology Program of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co.,Ltd.(521205220001).
文摘Forest fire accidents caused by distribution line faults occur frequently,resulting in heavy impacts on people’s safety and social and economic development.Currently,there are few risk assessments for forest fires induced by over-head distribution lines,and existing assessment methods may have difficulties in data acquisition.On this basis,a novel as-sessment framework based on an analytic hierarchy process,a Bayesian network and a Fussel-Vesely importance metric is proposed in this paper.The framework combines field research and historical operation and maintenance data to assess the regional-scale risk of forest fires induced by overhead distribution lines to derive the probability of forest fires and to identify high-risk lines and key hazard events in the assessment region.Finally,taking the southern Anhui region as an ex-ample,the annual fire probability of forest fires induced by overhead distribution lines in the southern Anhui region is 5.88%,and rectification measures are proposed.This study provides management with a complete assessment framework that optimizes the difficulty of data collection and allows for additional targeted corrective measures to be proposed for the entire region and route on the basis of the assessment results.
文摘Breeding for wilt resistance and its theoretical basis are primarily responsible for increases in cotton yield and fiber quality. Breeding for immunity is the most efficient method in our struggle with infectious diseases.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China( 61974104)。
文摘Microstrip transmission lines connecting to the millimeter wave radar chip and antenna significantly affect the radiation efficiency and bandwidth of the antenna.Here,a wideband non-uniform wavy microstrip line for complex impedance in automotive radar frequency range is proposed.Unlike the gradient transmission line,the wavy structure is composed of periodically semi-circular segments.By adjusting the radius of the semi-circular,the surface current is varied and concentrated on the semi-circular segments,allowing a wider tunability range of the resonant frequency.The results reveal that the bandwidth of the loaded wavy transmission line antenna improves to 9.37 GHz,which is 5.81 GHz wider than that of the loaded gradient line.The gain and the half power beam width of the loaded antenna are about 14.69 dB and 9.58°,respectively.The proposed non-uniform microstrip line scheme may open up a route for realizing wideband millimeter-wave automotive radar applications.
文摘The finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM) are often adopted. However, they are not convenient to spatially vary thermal properties of functionally graded material (FGM). Therefore, the method of lines (MOL) is introduced to solve the temperature field of FGM. The basic idea of the method is to semi-discretize the governing equation into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) defined on discrete lines by means of the finite difference method. The temperature field of FGM can be obtained by solving the ODEs. The functions of thermal properties are directly embodied in these equations and these properties are not discretized in the domain. Thus, difficulty of FEM and BEM is overcome by the method. As a numerical example, the temperature field of a plane problem is analyzed for FGMs through varying thermal conductivity coefficient by the MOL.
文摘The proposed Doppler measurement technique shows that the Doppler measurements can be accomplished by a single pulse with multiple frequency components through optical fibre delay lines.Range and velocity ambiguity can be removed,and the velocity resolution can be improved dramatically by using long optical fibre delay lines.Furthermore,the velocity resolution can be modified by adjusting the length of optical fibre delay lines.In addition,the proposed radar can achieve high range resolution by using a single wideband pulse.As a result,the new approach can improve radar performance significantly.
基金Project supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （ 10000072311030 ）, Scienee technology Research Foundation of Shandong University of China {10000080398125）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars (60525303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60904048+2 种基金 60404022 60604012)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei province (F2005000390)
文摘The margin maximization problem in digital subscriber line（DSL） systems is investigated.The particle swarm optimization（PSO） theory is applied to the nonconvex margin optimization problem with the target power and rate constraints.PSO is a new evolution algorithm based on the social behavior of swarms, which can solve discontinuous, nonconvex and nonlinear problems efficiently.The proposed algorithm can converge to the global optimal solution, and numerical example demonstrates that the proposed algorithm can guarantee the fast convergence within a few iterations.
基金Project(51308193)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(SGKJ[2007]116)supported by the Science and Technology Program of State Grid Corporation of China
文摘In order to study the sliding characteristics when the cable is connected with the other rods in the transmission line structures,a linear sliding cable element based on updated Lagrangian formulation and a sliding catenary element considering the out-of-plane stiffness coefficient are put forward.A two-span and a three-span cable structures are taken as examples to verify the sliding cable elements.By comparing the tensions of the two proposed cable elements with the existing research results,the error is less than 1%,which proves the correctness of the proposed elements.The sliding characteristics should be considered in the practical engineering because of the significant difference between the tensions of sliding cable elements and those of cable element without considering sliding.The out-of-plane stiffness coefficient and friction characteristics do not obviously affect the cable tensions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (7127217671302028)+1 种基金the Fundamental Scientific Research Funds for the Central Universities (HEUCF110914)the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund (3236310094)
文摘Methods of the comprehensive evaluation have been studied for many years. However, the change speed of evaluated objects was rarely considered by the existing evaluation methods. An evaluation matrix is proposed to remedy this deficiency. Firstly, the change speed state （CSS） of the evaluated objects is analyzed based on double inspiriting control lines （DICLs）, and a matrix of the CSS is constructed. Then, 72 elements in the matrix are analyzed, and formulas describing each CSS are given. The efficiency of the proposed evaluation matrix is proved when the CSS merges with the change speed trend （CST） in the dynamic comprehensive evaluation. Finally, a computing example shows that the proposed evaluation matrix is feasible in the dynamic comprehensive evaluation with the speed feature.
基金Projects(61004074,61134001,21076179)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2009BAG12A08)supported by the National Key Technology Support Program of China+1 种基金Project(2010QNA5001)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of ChinaProjects(2012AA06A404,2006AA04Z184)supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘The optimal transmission lines assignment with maximal reliabilities (OTLAMR) in the multi-source multi-sink multi-state computer network (MMMCN) was investigated. The OTLAMR problem contains two sub-problems: the MMMCN reliabilities evaluation and multi-objective transmission lines assignment optimization. First, a reliability evaluation with a transmission line assignment (RETLA) algorithm is proposed to calculate the MMMCN reliabilities under the cost constraint for a certain transmission lines configuration. Second, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is adopted to find the non-dominated set of the transmission lines assignments based on the reliabilities obtained from the RETLA algorithm. By combining the RETLA and the NSGA-II algorithms together, the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm is proposed to solve the OTLAMR problem. The experiments result show that the RETLA-NSGA II algorithm can provide efficient solutions in a reasonable time, from which the decision makers can choose the best solution based on their preferences and experiences.
基金Supported by the Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2013FZ0014)the Construction Project of Postgraduate Academic Degree in Southwest University for Nationalities(2014XWD-S071007)the National Training Plan of Excellent Agricultural and Forestal Talents(2014)
文摘Daidzein is always added into poultry feed to make the production performance and immunity of poultry better. In this study, a total of 600 40-week-old Hy-Line variety brown layers were randomized into five groups and fed with a corn-soybean-mixed basal diet supplement with 0, 10, 50, 100, and 500 mg · kg^-1 daidzein, respectively. Then, two PCR-based typing methods（RAPD-PCR and ERIC-PCR） were combined to analyze the ileum content and explore the changes of ileum microflora biodiversity. The results of RAPD-PCR and ERIC-PCR showed that bands under 10 mg · kg^-1 and 50 mg · kg^-1 were the most, and their similarity was the largest. Bands under 500 mg · kg^-1 were the least and similarity with other groups was the minimum. Ileum microflora biodiversity under 10 mg · kg^-1 or 50 mg · kg^-1 was richer than that under 500 mg · kg^-1. A corn-soybean-mixed basal diet supplement with 10 mg · kg^-1 to 50 mg · kg^-1 of daidzein might be beneficial to Hy-Line variety brown layers intestinal bacteria.
文摘The main cultivated varieties in the world belong to the species of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.),and their genetic background is very narrow.However,the wild species and races in
文摘The genetic base that cotton breeders commonly use to improve Upland cultivars is very narrow.The AD-genome species Gossypium barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum are part of
基金Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Educational Commission (KJ051301)
文摘A pot culture trial was conducted to investigate the changes of the biomass and acid phosphatase （APase） activity in 10 maize lines under low-P stress. P-deficiency significantly decreased the biomass, but induced the significant enhancement of the APase activity. Since P-deficiency had smaller effects on the low-P tolerant maize lines compared with P-sensitive lines, it was demonstrated that differences of tolerance to P-deficiency existed among 10 different maize lines. In addition, the relative biomass and APase activity changed during the vegetative stage of development, and there existed a significant correlation between the biomass and APase activity under low-P stress. These results suggest that the biomass and APase activity can be regarded as indicative traits of maize lines for tolerance to low-P stress at seedling stage.
文摘Two hundred and eighty-eight Wulong geese of fast-growth lines were selected to be fattened respectively in netting bed, then divided into eight groups with three replications in each group. The diets contained different contents of Ca and P to determine the best level for the early growth of Wulong goose. The result suggested that, during the early period, the proportion of Ca and NPP (non-Phytate Phosnhorus) had significant influence on its growth (P < 0.05), when the dietary level of Ca was 0.65% and NPP was 0.30% (the proportion of Ca and NPP was 2.17:1), the liveweight gain was higher, so were the eviscerated ratio and eviscerated weight with giblet ratio, feed/gain(F/G) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity at four weeks were lower. The Wulong goose grew well at the proportion between 1.88 : 1 and 2.50 : 1, and grew worst at 1.38 : 1.
文摘To solve the coupling effect of multiconductor transmission lines excited by external electromagnetic wave, the modified method of characteristics is proposed. The modified method of characteristics which can compute the terminal induced voltages excited by the external electromagnetic wave when the terminal networks or intereonnection networks contain the dynamic elements is introduced. The simulation results indicate that the modified method can analyze the terminal induced voltages when the terminal networks or the interconnection networks contain the dynamic elements excited by the external electromagnetic wave. And the results are compared with the results acquired by FDTD method, the two results are completely same. So one effective modified method is implemented to compute the transmission lines.
