There is an increasing attention on oxidative derivatives of triglycerides,a group of potential thermal processing induced food toxicants,which are formed during the thermal processing of food lipids.This review aims ...There is an increasing attention on oxidative derivatives of triglycerides,a group of potential thermal processing induced food toxicants,which are formed during the thermal processing of food lipids.This review aims to summarize current knowledge about their formation mechanisms,detection approaches,and toxicology impacts.Oxidative derivatives of triglycerides are generated through the oxidation,cyclization,polymerization,and hydrolysis of triglycerides under high-temperature and abundant oxygen.The analytical techniques,including GC,HPSEC,MS,^(1)H-NMR were discussed in analyzing these components.In addition,their toxic effects on human health,including effects on the liver,intestines,cardiovascular system,immune system,and metabolism were elucidated.Information in this review could be used to improve the understanding of oxidative derivatives of triglycerides and ultimately improve academic and industrial strategies for eliminating these compounds in thermal processing food systems.展开更多
Abstract The lipids present in hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） lipid droplets include retinyl ester, triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Activation of HSCs is crucial to t...Abstract The lipids present in hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） lipid droplets include retinyl ester, triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Activation of HSCs is crucial to the development of fibrosis in liver disease. During activation, HSCs transform into myofibroblasts with concomitant loss of their lipid droplets and production of excessive extracellular matrix. Release of lipid droplets containing retinyl esters and triglyceride is a defining feature of activated HSCs. Accumulating evidence supports the proposal that recovering the accumulation of lipids would inhibit the activation of HSCs. In healthy liver, quiescent HSCs store 80% of total liver retinols and release them depending on the extracellular retinol status. However, in injured liver activated HSCs lose their retinols and produce a considerable amount of extracelhilar matrix, subsequently leading to liver fibrosis. Further findings prove that lipid metabolism of HSCs is closely associated with its activation, yet relationship between activated HSCs and the lipid metabolism has remained mysterious.展开更多
Objective To investigate the prevalence of abnormity of blood lipid and associated factors in healthy population in Beijing. Methods Totally, 38 462 individuals who received health examination were enrolled in our stu...Objective To investigate the prevalence of abnormity of blood lipid and associated factors in healthy population in Beijing. Methods Totally, 38 462 individuals who received health examination were enrolled in our study. We divided them into eight groups according to their ages. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were tested, and the relationship of blood lipid abnormity with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose was analyzed. Results The incidences of hypercholesterolemia, hyperglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and hyper low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia presented increasing trend in this population. The incidence rate of abnormity of blood lipid in health examination population increased with BMI increase. The incidence of abnormity of blood lipid in overweight and obesity population was significantly higher than that in low weight and normal weight populations (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the trend of abnormal blood lipid incidence coincided with that of abnormal fasting blood glucose. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abnormity of blood lipid in Beijing presents increasing trend. The incidence of abnormity of blood lipid increases with BMI increase, in coincidence with that of fasting blood glucose.展开更多
The conversion of triglycerides（coffee oil） obtained from spent coffee ground to produce hydrocarbon fuel（diesel） was studied. In more detail, a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of the coffee oil was performed applyin...The conversion of triglycerides（coffee oil） obtained from spent coffee ground to produce hydrocarbon fuel（diesel） was studied. In more detail, a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of the coffee oil was performed applying polymethylhydrosiloxane（PMHS） as cheap reductant under mild reaction conditions. However, along with the hydrocarbons significant amounts of PMHS-waste are generated, since only～1.7% of the PMHS is required for the reduction process. Based on that, in a subsequent depolymerization step the PMHS-waste was converted to methyltrifluorosilane and difluoromethylsilane, which can be applied as building blocks for the production of new silicones, with boron trifluoride diethyl etherate（BF3OEt2） as depolymerization reagent.展开更多
Objective To explore the association between lipid profiles and left ventricular hypertrophy in a Chinese general population.Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study to investigate the relationship bet...Objective To explore the association between lipid profiles and left ventricular hypertrophy in a Chinese general population.Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study to investigate the relationship between lipid markers[including triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein(HDL)cholesterol,non-HDL-cholesterol,apolipoprotein A-I,apolipoprotein B,lipoprotein[a],and composite lipid profiles]and left ventricular hypertrophy.A total of 309,400 participants of two populations(one from Beijing and another from nationwide)who underwent physical examinations at different health management centers between 2009 and 2018 in China were included in the cross-sectional study.7,475 participants who had multiple physical examinations and initially did not have left ventricular hypertrophy constituted a longitudinal cohort to analyze the association between lipid markers and the new-onset of left ventricular hypertrophy.Left ventricular hypertrophy was measured by echocardiography and defined as an end-diastolic thickness of the mterventricular septum or left ventricle posterior wall>11 mm.The Logistic regression model was used in the cross-sectional study.Cox model and Cox model with restricted cubic splines were used in the longitudinal cohort.Results In the cross-sectional study for participants in the highest tertile of each lipid marker compared to the respective lowest,triglycerides[odds ratio(OR):1.2S0,95%CI:1.060 to 1.474],HDL-cholesterol(OR:0.780,95%CI:0.662 to 0.918),and lipoprotein(a)(OR:1.311,95%C7:1.115 to 1.541)had an association with left ventricular hypertrophy.In the longitudinal cohort,for participants in the highest tertile of each lipid marker at the baseline compared to the respective lowest,triglycerides[hazard ratio(HR):3.277,95%C/:1.720 to 6.244],HDL-cholesterol(HR:0.516,95%C7:0.283 to 0.940),non-HDL-cholesterol(HR:2.309,95%C/:1.296 to 4.112),apolipoprotein B(HR:2.244,95%CI:1.251 to 4.032)showed an association with new-onset left ventricular hypertrophy.In the Cox model with forward stepwise selection,triglycerides were the only lipid markers entered into the final model.Conclusion Lipids levels,especially triglycerides,are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy.Controlling triglycerides level potentiate to be a strategy in harnessing cardiac remodeling but deserve to be furdier investigated.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Few studies investigated serum uric acid levels in patients with acute STelevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).The study was to assess the clinical value of serum uric acid levels in patients with acute ST...BACKGROUND:Few studies investigated serum uric acid levels in patients with acute STelevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).The study was to assess the clinical value of serum uric acid levels in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).METHODS:Totally 502 consecutive patients with STEMI were retrospectively studied from January 2005 to December 2010.The level of serum lipid,echocardiographic data and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) in patients with hyperuricemia(n=119) were compared with those in patients without hyperuricemia(n=383).The relationship between the level of serum uric acid and the degree of diseased coronary artery was analyzed.All data were analyzed with SPSS version 17.0 software for Student's t test,the Chi-square test and Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis.RESULTS:Serum uric acid level was positively correlated with serum triglyceride level.Hyperlipidemia was more common in hyperuricemia patients than in non-hyperuricemia patients(43.7%vs.33.7%,P=0.047),and serum triglyceride level was significantly higher in hyperuricemia patients(2.11±1.24 vs.1.78±1.38,P=0.014).But no significant association was observed between serum uric acid level and one or more diseased vessels(P>0.05).Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDd) was larger in hyperuricemia patients than in non-hyperuricemia patients(53.52±6.19 vs.52.18±4.89,P=0.041).The higher rate of left systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction was discovered in hyperuricemia patients(36.4%vs.15.1%,P<0.001;68.2%vs.55.8%,P=0.023).Also,hyperuricemia patients were more likely to have in-hospital MACE(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Serum uric acid level is positively correlated with serum triglyceride level,but not with the severity of coronary artery disease.Hyperuricemia patients with STEMI tend to have a higher rate of left systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction and more likely to have more in-hospital MACE.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.32272426).
文摘There is an increasing attention on oxidative derivatives of triglycerides,a group of potential thermal processing induced food toxicants,which are formed during the thermal processing of food lipids.This review aims to summarize current knowledge about their formation mechanisms,detection approaches,and toxicology impacts.Oxidative derivatives of triglycerides are generated through the oxidation,cyclization,polymerization,and hydrolysis of triglycerides under high-temperature and abundant oxygen.The analytical techniques,including GC,HPSEC,MS,^(1)H-NMR were discussed in analyzing these components.In addition,their toxic effects on human health,including effects on the liver,intestines,cardiovascular system,immune system,and metabolism were elucidated.Information in this review could be used to improve the understanding of oxidative derivatives of triglycerides and ultimately improve academic and industrial strategies for eliminating these compounds in thermal processing food systems.
基金Partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81373465)
文摘Abstract The lipids present in hepatic stellate cells （HSCs） lipid droplets include retinyl ester, triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, cholesterol, phospholipids and free fatty acids. Activation of HSCs is crucial to the development of fibrosis in liver disease. During activation, HSCs transform into myofibroblasts with concomitant loss of their lipid droplets and production of excessive extracellular matrix. Release of lipid droplets containing retinyl esters and triglyceride is a defining feature of activated HSCs. Accumulating evidence supports the proposal that recovering the accumulation of lipids would inhibit the activation of HSCs. In healthy liver, quiescent HSCs store 80% of total liver retinols and release them depending on the extracellular retinol status. However, in injured liver activated HSCs lose their retinols and produce a considerable amount of extracelhilar matrix, subsequently leading to liver fibrosis. Further findings prove that lipid metabolism of HSCs is closely associated with its activation, yet relationship between activated HSCs and the lipid metabolism has remained mysterious.
基金Sponsored by grant of Young Scientist of PUMC Hospital (200577A)
文摘Objective To investigate the prevalence of abnormity of blood lipid and associated factors in healthy population in Beijing. Methods Totally, 38 462 individuals who received health examination were enrolled in our study. We divided them into eight groups according to their ages. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were tested, and the relationship of blood lipid abnormity with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose was analyzed. Results The incidences of hypercholesterolemia, hyperglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia, and hyper low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia presented increasing trend in this population. The incidence rate of abnormity of blood lipid in health examination population increased with BMI increase. The incidence of abnormity of blood lipid in overweight and obesity population was significantly higher than that in low weight and normal weight populations (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the trend of abnormal blood lipid incidence coincided with that of abnormal fasting blood glucose. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abnormity of blood lipid in Beijing presents increasing trend. The incidence of abnormity of blood lipid increases with BMI increase, in coincidence with that of fasting blood glucose.
基金Financial support from the Cluster of Excellence“Unifying Concepts in Catalysis”(funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and administered by the Technische Universitat Berlin)is gratefully acknowledged
文摘The conversion of triglycerides（coffee oil） obtained from spent coffee ground to produce hydrocarbon fuel（diesel） was studied. In more detail, a catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of the coffee oil was performed applying polymethylhydrosiloxane（PMHS） as cheap reductant under mild reaction conditions. However, along with the hydrocarbons significant amounts of PMHS-waste are generated, since only～1.7% of the PMHS is required for the reduction process. Based on that, in a subsequent depolymerization step the PMHS-waste was converted to methyltrifluorosilane and difluoromethylsilane, which can be applied as building blocks for the production of new silicones, with boron trifluoride diethyl etherate（BF3OEt2） as depolymerization reagent.
基金supported by grants from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(82000386,81970364f 82000299,81870171,82170436).
文摘Objective To explore the association between lipid profiles and left ventricular hypertrophy in a Chinese general population.Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study to investigate the relationship between lipid markers[including triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein(HDL)cholesterol,non-HDL-cholesterol,apolipoprotein A-I,apolipoprotein B,lipoprotein[a],and composite lipid profiles]and left ventricular hypertrophy.A total of 309,400 participants of two populations(one from Beijing and another from nationwide)who underwent physical examinations at different health management centers between 2009 and 2018 in China were included in the cross-sectional study.7,475 participants who had multiple physical examinations and initially did not have left ventricular hypertrophy constituted a longitudinal cohort to analyze the association between lipid markers and the new-onset of left ventricular hypertrophy.Left ventricular hypertrophy was measured by echocardiography and defined as an end-diastolic thickness of the mterventricular septum or left ventricle posterior wall>11 mm.The Logistic regression model was used in the cross-sectional study.Cox model and Cox model with restricted cubic splines were used in the longitudinal cohort.Results In the cross-sectional study for participants in the highest tertile of each lipid marker compared to the respective lowest,triglycerides[odds ratio(OR):1.2S0,95%CI:1.060 to 1.474],HDL-cholesterol(OR:0.780,95%CI:0.662 to 0.918),and lipoprotein(a)(OR:1.311,95%C7:1.115 to 1.541)had an association with left ventricular hypertrophy.In the longitudinal cohort,for participants in the highest tertile of each lipid marker at the baseline compared to the respective lowest,triglycerides[hazard ratio(HR):3.277,95%C/:1.720 to 6.244],HDL-cholesterol(HR:0.516,95%C7:0.283 to 0.940),non-HDL-cholesterol(HR:2.309,95%C/:1.296 to 4.112),apolipoprotein B(HR:2.244,95%CI:1.251 to 4.032)showed an association with new-onset left ventricular hypertrophy.In the Cox model with forward stepwise selection,triglycerides were the only lipid markers entered into the final model.Conclusion Lipids levels,especially triglycerides,are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy.Controlling triglycerides level potentiate to be a strategy in harnessing cardiac remodeling but deserve to be furdier investigated.
文摘BACKGROUND:Few studies investigated serum uric acid levels in patients with acute STelevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).The study was to assess the clinical value of serum uric acid levels in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).METHODS:Totally 502 consecutive patients with STEMI were retrospectively studied from January 2005 to December 2010.The level of serum lipid,echocardiographic data and in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) in patients with hyperuricemia(n=119) were compared with those in patients without hyperuricemia(n=383).The relationship between the level of serum uric acid and the degree of diseased coronary artery was analyzed.All data were analyzed with SPSS version 17.0 software for Student's t test,the Chi-square test and Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis.RESULTS:Serum uric acid level was positively correlated with serum triglyceride level.Hyperlipidemia was more common in hyperuricemia patients than in non-hyperuricemia patients(43.7%vs.33.7%,P=0.047),and serum triglyceride level was significantly higher in hyperuricemia patients(2.11±1.24 vs.1.78±1.38,P=0.014).But no significant association was observed between serum uric acid level and one or more diseased vessels(P>0.05).Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDd) was larger in hyperuricemia patients than in non-hyperuricemia patients(53.52±6.19 vs.52.18±4.89,P=0.041).The higher rate of left systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction was discovered in hyperuricemia patients(36.4%vs.15.1%,P<0.001;68.2%vs.55.8%,P=0.023).Also,hyperuricemia patients were more likely to have in-hospital MACE(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Serum uric acid level is positively correlated with serum triglyceride level,but not with the severity of coronary artery disease.Hyperuricemia patients with STEMI tend to have a higher rate of left systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction and more likely to have more in-hospital MACE.
