For the joint time difference of arrival（TDOA） and angle of arrival（AOA） location scene,two methods are proposed based on the rectangular coordinates and the polar coordinates,respectively.The problem is solved pe...For the joint time difference of arrival（TDOA） and angle of arrival（AOA） location scene,two methods are proposed based on the rectangular coordinates and the polar coordinates,respectively.The problem is solved perfectly by calculating the target position with the joint TDOA and AOA location.On the condition of rectangular coordinates,first of all,it figures out the radial range between target and reference stations,then calculates the location of the target.In the case of polar coordinates,first of all,it figures out the azimuth between target and reference stations,then figures out the radial range between target and reference stations,finally obtains the location of the target.Simultaneously,simulation analyses show that the theoretical analysis is correct,and the proposed methods also provide the application of the joint TDOA and AOA location algorithm with the theoretical basis.展开更多
By utilizing the time difference of arrival （TDOA） and frequency difference of arrival （FDOA） measurements of signals received at a number of receivers, a constrained least-square （CLS） algorithm for estimating ...By utilizing the time difference of arrival （TDOA） and frequency difference of arrival （FDOA） measurements of signals received at a number of receivers, a constrained least-square （CLS） algorithm for estimating the position and velocity of a moving source is proposed. By utilizing the Lagrange multipliers technique, the known relation between the intermediate variables and the source location coordinates could be exploited to constrain the solution. And without requiring apriori knowledge of TDOA and FDOA measurement noises, the proposed algorithm can satisfy the demand of practical applications. Additionally, on basis of con- volute and polynomial rooting operations, the Lagrange multipliers can be obtained efficiently and robustly allowing real-time imple- mentation and global convergence. Simulation results show that the proposed estimator achieves remarkably better performance than the two-step weighted least square （WLS） approach especially for higher measurement noise level.展开更多
With the emergence of location-based applications in various fields, the higher accuracy of positioning is demanded. By utilizing the time differences of arrival （TDOAs） and gain ratios of arrival （GROAs）, an effi...With the emergence of location-based applications in various fields, the higher accuracy of positioning is demanded. By utilizing the time differences of arrival （TDOAs） and gain ratios of arrival （GROAs）, an efficient algorithm for estimating the position is proposed, which exploits the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno （BFGS） quasi-Newton method to solve nonlinear equations at the source location under the additive measurement error. Although the accuracy of two-step weighted-least-square （WLS） method based on TDOAs and GROAs is very high, this method has a high computational complexity. While the proposed approach can achieve the same accuracy and bias with the lower computational complexity when the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） is high, especially it can achieve better accuracy and smaller bias at a lower SNR. The proposed algorithm can be applied to the actual environment due to its real-time property and good robust performance. Simulation results show that with a good initial guess to begin with, the proposed estimator converges to the true solution and achieves the Cramer-Rao lower bound （CRLB） accuracy for both near-field and far-field sources.展开更多
针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并...针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并利用最小二乘算法对目标位置进行粗估计。其次,考虑测量误差和传感器位置误差,构建目标定位误差和传感器位置的联合方程,并利用加权最小二乘求解。最后,利用目标定位误差对目标位置粗估计值进行修正,得到更精确的定位结果。仿真实验表明,所提算法可对目标位置和传感器位置进行联合估计,相较于已有算法具有更高的定位精度,更适用于传感器位置存在误差情况下的水下目标定位。展开更多
在TDOA(time difference of arrival)目标模拟系统中,采用微波光子链路传输包含精确TDOA信息的多路多频段目标模拟信号,为保证TDOA信息的精度足够高,需要精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时。从特定工程应用角度提出一种光子...在TDOA(time difference of arrival)目标模拟系统中,采用微波光子链路传输包含精确TDOA信息的多路多频段目标模拟信号,为保证TDOA信息的精度足够高,需要精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时。从特定工程应用角度提出一种光子链路传输延时测量方法,通过专用延时测量芯片实现传输延时高分辨率、高精度测量,通过延时测量信号和目标模拟信号分时占用单根光纤的相同光传输波道,实现光子链路传输延时测量和目标模拟信号传输分时工作,从机理上满足了精确测量光子链路传输延时所需硬件条件。试验结果:表明该方法可精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时,测量误差小于1 ns,比传感器的TDOA测量精度高一个数量级,满足系统对光子链路传输延时的测量精度要求。展开更多
For the frequency difference of arrival （FDOA） esti-mation in passive location, this paper transforms the frequency difference estimation into the radial velocity difference estimation, which is difficult to achieve...For the frequency difference of arrival （FDOA） esti-mation in passive location, this paper transforms the frequency difference estimation into the radial velocity difference estimation, which is difficult to achieve a high accuracy due to the mismatch between the sampling period and the pulse repetition interval. The proposed algorithm firstly estimates the point-in-time that each pulse arrives at two receivers accurately. Secondly two time of arrival （TOA） sequences are subtracted. And final y the radial ve-locity difference of a target relative to two stations with the least square method is estimated. This algorithm only needs accurate estimation of the time delay between pulses and is not influenced by parameters such as frequency and modulation mode. It avoids transmitting a large amount of data between two stations in real time. Simulation results corroborate that the performance is bet-ter than the arithmetic average of the Cramer-Rao lower bound （CRLB） for monopulse under suitable conditions.展开更多
提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置...提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置,然后依据目标散射回波到达各个辅站与空中运动平台的TDOA确定目标的位置。分析了三维TDOA目标定位模糊产生的原因,提出了一种无模糊的高精度TDOA目标位置求解算法。仿真结果表明,该算法比经典的TDOA定位算法精度高,而且不存在定位模糊,从而验证了该空中运动平台对目标进行无源定位方法的有效性以及正确性。展开更多
本文针对Ho提出的基于TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)与GROA(Gain Ratio of Arrival)信号源定位的代数闭式解,提出两种偏差消减方法.首先对其闭式解偏差进行了推导,然后给出BiasRed法与BiasSub法两种偏差消减算法,BiasSub法从Ho给出...本文针对Ho提出的基于TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)与GROA(Gain Ratio of Arrival)信号源定位的代数闭式解,提出两种偏差消减方法.首先对其闭式解偏差进行了推导,然后给出BiasRed法与BiasSub法两种偏差消减算法,BiasSub法从Ho给出的解中直接减去期望偏差,BiasRed法通过分析误差表达方程并引入二次约束来提升定位估计精度;分析表明两种方法均可针对远距离信号源,在较小高斯误差情况下有效消减定位偏差,BiasRed法可将偏差降低到最大似然估计算法的水平;计算机仿真分析验证了所提算法的性能.展开更多
为了提高室内三维空间的定位精度,提出了一种基于联合到达时间差与到达角度(time difference of arrival/angle of arrival,TDOA/AOA)信息的混合定位算法。由于构建的目标函数具有非凸性,采用传统定位算法在目标函数求解过程中会出现局...为了提高室内三维空间的定位精度,提出了一种基于联合到达时间差与到达角度(time difference of arrival/angle of arrival,TDOA/AOA)信息的混合定位算法。由于构建的目标函数具有非凸性,采用传统定位算法在目标函数求解过程中会出现局部最优解的问题。因此,针对该问题,将目标函数转成二次约束二次规划问题,通过引入半定松弛(semi-definite relaxation,SDR)方法将目标函数转换为二阶锥规划(second order cone programming,SOCP)问题,寻找全局最优解。其次,针对SOCP无法对凸包外的目标进行有效定位的问题,在该算法的基础上引入了惩罚项,使松弛后的约束条件进一步逼近原始约束条件,解决了定位过程中的凸包问题。数值仿真结果表明:在10m×10m×3m的三维定位空间内,选取40×40个测试点,平均定位误差为1.39cm,可实现室内三维空间高精度定位。与传统的混合定位算法相比,均能够获得较高的定位精度。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6107210761271300)+4 种基金the Shaanxi Industry Surmount Foundation(2012K06-12)the Arm and Equipment Pre-research Foundationthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(K0551302006K5051202045K50511020024)
文摘For the joint time difference of arrival（TDOA） and angle of arrival（AOA） location scene,two methods are proposed based on the rectangular coordinates and the polar coordinates,respectively.The problem is solved perfectly by calculating the target position with the joint TDOA and AOA location.On the condition of rectangular coordinates,first of all,it figures out the radial range between target and reference stations,then calculates the location of the target.In the case of polar coordinates,first of all,it figures out the azimuth between target and reference stations,then figures out the radial range between target and reference stations,finally obtains the location of the target.Simultaneously,simulation analyses show that the theoretical analysis is correct,and the proposed methods also provide the application of the joint TDOA and AOA location algorithm with the theoretical basis.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2010AA7010422 2011AA7014061)
文摘By utilizing the time difference of arrival （TDOA） and frequency difference of arrival （FDOA） measurements of signals received at a number of receivers, a constrained least-square （CLS） algorithm for estimating the position and velocity of a moving source is proposed. By utilizing the Lagrange multipliers technique, the known relation between the intermediate variables and the source location coordinates could be exploited to constrain the solution. And without requiring apriori knowledge of TDOA and FDOA measurement noises, the proposed algorithm can satisfy the demand of practical applications. Additionally, on basis of con- volute and polynomial rooting operations, the Lagrange multipliers can be obtained efficiently and robustly allowing real-time imple- mentation and global convergence. Simulation results show that the proposed estimator achieves remarkably better performance than the two-step weighted least square （WLS） approach especially for higher measurement noise level.
基金supported by the Major National Science&Technology Projects(2010ZX03006-002-04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61072070)+4 种基金the Doctorial Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education(20110203110011)the"111 Project"(B08038)the Fundamental Research Funds of the Ministry of Education(72124338)the Key Programs for Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(2012JZ8002)the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks(ISN1101002)
文摘With the emergence of location-based applications in various fields, the higher accuracy of positioning is demanded. By utilizing the time differences of arrival （TDOAs） and gain ratios of arrival （GROAs）, an efficient algorithm for estimating the position is proposed, which exploits the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno （BFGS） quasi-Newton method to solve nonlinear equations at the source location under the additive measurement error. Although the accuracy of two-step weighted-least-square （WLS） method based on TDOAs and GROAs is very high, this method has a high computational complexity. While the proposed approach can achieve the same accuracy and bias with the lower computational complexity when the signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） is high, especially it can achieve better accuracy and smaller bias at a lower SNR. The proposed algorithm can be applied to the actual environment due to its real-time property and good robust performance. Simulation results show that with a good initial guess to begin with, the proposed estimator converges to the true solution and achieves the Cramer-Rao lower bound （CRLB） accuracy for both near-field and far-field sources.
文摘针对水下目标被动定位中传感器位置误差带来的定位精度不高的问题,提出了一种基于两步最小二乘的到达时间差波达方向(time difference of arrival-direction of arrival,TDOA-DOA)目标定位算法。首先,构建TDOA-DOA理想化无误差模型,并利用最小二乘算法对目标位置进行粗估计。其次,考虑测量误差和传感器位置误差,构建目标定位误差和传感器位置的联合方程,并利用加权最小二乘求解。最后,利用目标定位误差对目标位置粗估计值进行修正,得到更精确的定位结果。仿真实验表明,所提算法可对目标位置和传感器位置进行联合估计,相较于已有算法具有更高的定位精度,更适用于传感器位置存在误差情况下的水下目标定位。
文摘在TDOA(time difference of arrival)目标模拟系统中,采用微波光子链路传输包含精确TDOA信息的多路多频段目标模拟信号,为保证TDOA信息的精度足够高,需要精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时。从特定工程应用角度提出一种光子链路传输延时测量方法,通过专用延时测量芯片实现传输延时高分辨率、高精度测量,通过延时测量信号和目标模拟信号分时占用单根光纤的相同光传输波道,实现光子链路传输延时测量和目标模拟信号传输分时工作,从机理上满足了精确测量光子链路传输延时所需硬件条件。试验结果:表明该方法可精确测量目标模拟信号经过光子链路的传输延时,测量误差小于1 ns,比传感器的TDOA测量精度高一个数量级,满足系统对光子链路传输延时的测量精度要求。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China(61201208)
文摘For the frequency difference of arrival （FDOA） esti-mation in passive location, this paper transforms the frequency difference estimation into the radial velocity difference estimation, which is difficult to achieve a high accuracy due to the mismatch between the sampling period and the pulse repetition interval. The proposed algorithm firstly estimates the point-in-time that each pulse arrives at two receivers accurately. Secondly two time of arrival （TOA） sequences are subtracted. And final y the radial ve-locity difference of a target relative to two stations with the least square method is estimated. This algorithm only needs accurate estimation of the time delay between pulses and is not influenced by parameters such as frequency and modulation mode. It avoids transmitting a large amount of data between two stations in real time. Simulation results corroborate that the performance is bet-ter than the arithmetic average of the Cramer-Rao lower bound （CRLB） for monopulse under suitable conditions.
文摘提出了一种基于到达时间(time of arrival,TOA)和到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)的空中运动平台对目标高精度三维定位的无源定位方法。该方法使用3个辅站信号到空中运动平台的TOA以及辅站位置确定空中运动平台自身的位置,然后依据目标散射回波到达各个辅站与空中运动平台的TDOA确定目标的位置。分析了三维TDOA目标定位模糊产生的原因,提出了一种无模糊的高精度TDOA目标位置求解算法。仿真结果表明,该算法比经典的TDOA定位算法精度高,而且不存在定位模糊,从而验证了该空中运动平台对目标进行无源定位方法的有效性以及正确性。
文摘本文针对Ho提出的基于TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)与GROA(Gain Ratio of Arrival)信号源定位的代数闭式解,提出两种偏差消减方法.首先对其闭式解偏差进行了推导,然后给出BiasRed法与BiasSub法两种偏差消减算法,BiasSub法从Ho给出的解中直接减去期望偏差,BiasRed法通过分析误差表达方程并引入二次约束来提升定位估计精度;分析表明两种方法均可针对远距离信号源,在较小高斯误差情况下有效消减定位偏差,BiasRed法可将偏差降低到最大似然估计算法的水平;计算机仿真分析验证了所提算法的性能.
文摘为了提高室内三维空间的定位精度,提出了一种基于联合到达时间差与到达角度(time difference of arrival/angle of arrival,TDOA/AOA)信息的混合定位算法。由于构建的目标函数具有非凸性,采用传统定位算法在目标函数求解过程中会出现局部最优解的问题。因此,针对该问题,将目标函数转成二次约束二次规划问题,通过引入半定松弛(semi-definite relaxation,SDR)方法将目标函数转换为二阶锥规划(second order cone programming,SOCP)问题,寻找全局最优解。其次,针对SOCP无法对凸包外的目标进行有效定位的问题,在该算法的基础上引入了惩罚项,使松弛后的约束条件进一步逼近原始约束条件,解决了定位过程中的凸包问题。数值仿真结果表明:在10m×10m×3m的三维定位空间内,选取40×40个测试点,平均定位误差为1.39cm,可实现室内三维空间高精度定位。与传统的混合定位算法相比,均能够获得较高的定位精度。
