BACKGROUND Cardioneuroablation(CNA)has shown encouraging results in patients with vasovagal syncope(VVS).However,data on different subtypes was scarce.METHODS This observational study retrospectively enrolled 141 pati...BACKGROUND Cardioneuroablation(CNA)has shown encouraging results in patients with vasovagal syncope(VVS).However,data on different subtypes was scarce.METHODS This observational study retrospectively enrolled 141 patients[mean age:40±18 years,51 males(36.2%)]with the diagnosis of VVS.The characteristics among different types of VVS and the outcomes after CNA were analyzed.RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 4.3±1.5 years,41 patients(29.1%)experienced syncope/pre-syncope events after CNA.Syncope/pre-syncope recurrence significantly differed in each subtype(P=0.04).The cardioinhibitory type of VVS had the lowest recurrence rate after the procedure(n=6,16.7%),followed by mixed(n=26,30.6%)and vasodepressive(n=9,45.0%).Additionally,a significant difference was observed in the analyses of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve(P=0.02).Syncope/pre-syncope burden was significantly reduced after CNA in the vasodepressive type(P<0.01).Vasodepressive types with recurrent syncope/pre-syncope after CNA have a lower baseline deceleration capacity(DC)level than those without(7.4±1.0 ms vs.9.0±1.6 ms,P=0.01).Patients with DC<8.4 ms had an 8.1(HR=8.1,95%CI:2.2-30.0,P=0.02)times risk of syncope/pre-syncope recurrence after CNA compared to patients with DC≥8.4 ms,and this association still existed after adjusting for age and sex(HR=8.1,95%CI:2.2-30.1,P=0.02).CONCLUSIONS Different subtypes exhibit different event-free rates.The vasodepressive type exhibited the lowest event-free rate,but those patients with DC≥8.4 ms might benefit from CNA.展开更多
Objective To investigate the quantities of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes in the patients with autoimmune hemocytopenia and the relationship between quantities of CD5+ B lymphocytes and clinical or laboratorial parame...Objective To investigate the quantities of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes in the patients with autoimmune hemocytopenia and the relationship between quantities of CD5+ B lymphocytes and clinical or laboratorial parameters. Methods Quantities of CD5+ B lymphocytes in the bone marrow of 14 patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) or Evans syndrome, 22 immunorelated pancytopenia (IRP) patients, and 10 normal controls were assayed by flow cytometry. The correlation between their clinical or laboratorial parameters and CD5+ B lymphocytes was analyzed. Results The quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes of AIHA/Evans syndrome (34.64%±19.81%) or IRP patients (35.81%±16.83%) was significantly higher than that of normal controls (12.00%±1.97%, P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between AIHA/Evans syndrome and IRP patients (P>0.05). In all hemocytopenic patients, the quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes showed significantly negative correlation with serum complement C3 level (r=-0.416, P<0.05). In the patients with AIHA/Evans syndrome, the quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes showed significantly positive correlation with serum indirect bilirubin level (r=1.00, P<0.05). In Evans syndrome patients, the quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes in bone marrow showed significantly positive correlation with platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (r=0.761, P<0.05) and platelet-associated immunoglobulin M (r=0.925, P<0.05). The quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes in bone marrow of all hemocytopenic patients showed significantly negative correlation with treatment response (tau-b=-0.289, P<0.05), but had no correlation with colony forming unit-erythroid (r=-0.205, P>0.05) or colony forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage colonies (r=-0.214, P>0.05). Conclusions The quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes in the patients with autoimmune hemocytopenia significantly increases and is correlated with disease severity and clinical response, which suggest that CD5+ B lymphocytes might play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hemocytopenia.展开更多
The HA1 gene of H3N2 subtype swine influenza virus(SIV)was cloned into the expression plasmid pET-30a,the recombinant plasmid was named pET-HAl.This was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3),and expressed by induction wit...The HA1 gene of H3N2 subtype swine influenza virus(SIV)was cloned into the expression plasmid pET-30a,the recombinant plasmid was named pET-HAl.This was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3),and expressed by induction with IPTG.The expressed HA protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting which showed the protein to be 42kDa and was immunoreactive.The purified HA protein was used to establish the indirect ELIS A for detection of the antibodies,specifically against the H3 subtype of SIV.The assay has excellent specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility.When 96 serum samples,randomly collected from the field,were evaluated in parallel by this new ELISA using recombinant HA1 and a routine HI test,the coincidental rate between the two tests was 86.5%.These results show that the recombinant HAl-based ELISA is specific,sensitive and easy to perform for the serological diagnosis of SIV infection.展开更多
To construct a recombinant adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC315-H5HA-EGFP,the HA gene of A/Swine/Fujian/1/2001(H5N1) was amplified by RT-PCR and then inserted into adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC315.A replication-defectiv...To construct a recombinant adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC315-H5HA-EGFP,the HA gene of A/Swine/Fujian/1/2001(H5N1) was amplified by RT-PCR and then inserted into adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC315.A replication-defective recombinant adenovirus expressing the HA gene(rAd-H5HA-EGFP) was generated by co-transfecting the recombinant shuttle plasmid pDC315-H5HA-EGFP and the genomic plasmid pBHGlox△E1,E3Cre in HEK293 cells.The recombinant adenovirus was confirmed by PCR,RT-PCR and Western blot assay.These results demonstrated that HA protein was properly expressed by the rAd-H5HA-EGFP in HEK293 cells and had natural biological activities.The TCID<sub>50</sub> of the rAd-H5HA- EGFP was assessed to be 2.26×10<sup>10</sup>/mL after propagation and purification.Immunization of BALB/ c mice indicated that rAd-H5HA-EGFP induced HI antibodies and protected mice from replication of the challenge virus in their lungs.展开更多
Objective: To study the function in cellular immunity of patients with hyper-IgE syndrome (HIE). Methods: T-lymphocyte subtypes of the peripheral blood and cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to two recall a...Objective: To study the function in cellular immunity of patients with hyper-IgE syndrome (HIE). Methods: T-lymphocyte subtypes of the peripheral blood and cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to two recall antigens, tetanus toxoid (TT) and purified protein derivative(PPD), were measured in 5 patients with HIE and 15 healthy controls, respectively. Results: The CD4 + cell counts in HIE group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). In contrast, CD8 + cells were significantly higher in HIE group than those in the controls. The induration sizes of DTH to two recall antigens were smaller in HIE group than those in controls (P<0.01). Conclusion: There is an immunologic dysfunction of T lymphocytes in the patients with HIE and T cells play an important role in the pathogenesis.展开更多
Background:One-third of veterans returning from the 1990–1991 Gulf War reported a myriad of symptoms including cognitive dysfunction,skin rashes,musculoskeletal discomfort,and fatigue.This symptom cluster is now refe...Background:One-third of veterans returning from the 1990–1991 Gulf War reported a myriad of symptoms including cognitive dysfunction,skin rashes,musculoskeletal discomfort,and fatigue.This symptom cluster is now referred to as Gulf War Illness(GWI).As the underlying mechanisms of GWI have yet to be fully elucidated,diagnosis and treatment are based on symptomatic presentation.One confounding factor tied to the illness is the high presence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Previous research efforts have demonstrated that both GWI and PTSD are associated with immunological dysfunction.As such,this research endeavor aimed to provide insight into the complex relationship between GWI symptoms,cytokine presence,and immune cell populations to pinpoint the impact of PTSD on these measures in GWI.Methods:Symptom measures were gathered through the Multidimensional fatigue inventory(MFI)and 36-item short form health survey(SF-36)scales and biological measures were obtained through cytokine&cytometry analysis.Subgrouping was conducted using Davidson Trauma Scale scores and the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(DSM)-5,into GWI with high probability of PTSD symptoms(GWIH)and GWI with low probability of PTSD symptoms(GWIL).Data was analyzed using analysis of variance(ANOVA)statistical analysis along with correlation graph analysis.We mapped correlations between immune cells and cytokine signaling measures,hormones and GWI symptom measures to identify patterns in regulation between the GWIH,GWIL,and healthy control groups.Results:GWI with comorbid PTSD symptoms resulted in poorer health outcomes compared with both healthy control(HC)and the GWIL subgroup.Significant differences were found in basophil levels of GWI compared with HC at peak exercise regardless of PTSD symptom comorbidity(ANOVA F=4.7,P=0.01)indicating its potential usage as a biomarker for general GWI from control.While the unique identification of GWI with PTSD symptoms was less clear,the GWIL subgroup was found to be delineated from both GWIH and HC on measures of IL-15 across an exercise challenge(ANOVA F>3.75,P<0.03).Additional differences in natural killer(NK)cell numbers and function highlight IL-15 as a potential biomarker of GWI in the absence of PTSD symptoms.Conclusions:We conclude that disentangling GWI and PTSD by defining trauma-based subgroups may aid in the identification of unique GWI biosignatures that can help to improve diagnosis and target treatment of GWI more effectively.展开更多
Ducks inoculated intravenously or via the ocular-nasal-oral-cloacal routes with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus,A/duck/Guangdong/220/2004(H5N1),developed systemic hyperemia,congestion,hemorrhage,thrombosis a...Ducks inoculated intravenously or via the ocular-nasal-oral-cloacal routes with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus,A/duck/Guangdong/220/2004(H5N1),developed systemic hyperemia,congestion,hemorrhage,thrombosis and edema in various organs,as well as necrosis or apoptosis in the parenchyma of the heart,liver,spleen,lungs,kidneys,pancreas,brain,thymus and bursa of Fabricius.The main manifestations were angiitis,necrotic pancreatitis,atrophic necrotic thymitis and bursitis Fabricii,splenitis,tracheitis,hemorrhagic bronchointerstitial pneumonia,viral myocarditis,nonsuppurative encephalitis,focal viral hepatitis,ulcerative enteritis,renal tubule interstitial nephritis,and intraglomerular mesangial cell hyperplastic glomerular nephritis.The results demonstrated that the mechanism of pathogenesis involved cellular necrosis and apoptosis,and that death of the ducks was caused by severe pathologic trauma occurring in multiple visceral organs.展开更多
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by inter-tumoral and intra-tumoral heterogeneity,especially in genetic alteration and microenvironment.Conventional therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer usually suffer resist...Pancreatic cancer is characterized by inter-tumoral and intra-tumoral heterogeneity,especially in genetic alteration and microenvironment.Conventional therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer usually suffer resistance,highlighting the necessity for personalized precise treatment.Cancer vaccines have become promising alternatives for pancreatic cancer treatment because of their multifaceted advantages including multiple targeting,minimal nonspecific effects,broad therapeutic window,low toxicity,and induction of persistent immunological memory.Multiple conventional vaccines based on the cells,microorganisms,exosomes,proteins,peptides,or DNA against pancreatic cancer have been developed;however,their overall efficacy remains unsatisfactory.Compared with these vaccine modalities,messager RNA(mRNA)-based vaccines offer technical and conceptional advances in personalized precise treatment,and thus represent a potentially cutting-edge option in novel therapeutic approaches for pancreatic cancer.This review summarizes the current progress on pancreatic cancer vaccines,highlights the superiority of mRNA vaccines over other conventional vaccines,and proposes the viable tactic for designing and applying personalized mRNA vaccines for the precise treatment of pancreatic cancer.展开更多
Cholangiocarcinoma(CHOL)is one of the most aggressive tumors worldwide and cannot be effectively treated by conventional and novel treatments,including immune checkpoint blockade therapy.The mRNA vaccine-based immunot...Cholangiocarcinoma(CHOL)is one of the most aggressive tumors worldwide and cannot be effectively treated by conventional and novel treatments,including immune checkpoint blockade therapy.The mRNA vaccine-based immunotherapeutic strategy has attracted much attention for various diseases,however,its application in CHOL is limited due to the thoughtlessness in the integration of vaccine design and patient selection.A recent study established an integrated path for identifying potent CHOL antigens for mRNA vaccine development and a precise stratification for identifying CHOL patients who can benefit from the mRNA vaccines.In spite of a promising prospect,further investigations should identify immunogenic antigens and onco-immunological characteristics of CHOL to guide the clinical application of CHOL mRNA vaccines in the future.展开更多
Listeria monocytogenes,one of the most important foodborne pathogens,can cause listeriosis,a lethal disease for humans.L.ivanovii,which is closely related to L.monocytogenes,is also widely distributed in nature and in...Listeria monocytogenes,one of the most important foodborne pathogens,can cause listeriosis,a lethal disease for humans.L.ivanovii,which is closely related to L.monocytogenes,is also widely distributed in nature and infects mainly warm-blooded ruminants,causing economic loss.Thus,there are high priority needs for methodologies for rapid,specific,cost-effective and accurate detection,characterization and subtyping of L.monocytogenes and L.ivanovii in foods and environmental sources.In this review,we(A)described L.monocytogenes and L.ivanovii,world-wide incidence of listeriosis,and prevalence of various L.monocytogenes strains in food and environmental sources;(B)comprehensively reviewed different types of traditional and newly developed methodologies,including culture-based,antigen/antibody-based,LOOP-mediated isothermal amplification,matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry,DNA microarray,and genomic sequencing for detection and characterization of L.monocytogenes in foods and environmental sources;(C)comprehensively summarized different subtyping methodologies,including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,multi-locus sequence typing,ribotyping,and phage-typing,and whole genomic sequencing etc.for subtyping of L.monocytogenes strains from food and environmental sources;and(D)described the applications of these methodologies in detection and subtyping of L.monocytogenes in foods and food processing facilities.展开更多
基金supported by the CAMS Central Public Welfare Scientific Research Institute Basal Research Expenses (No.2021-XCGC09-1&No.2022-I2M-C&T-B-045)the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission (Z191100006619019)the High-level Hospital Clinical Scientific Research Business Fees (No.2022-GSP-QZ-4)
文摘BACKGROUND Cardioneuroablation(CNA)has shown encouraging results in patients with vasovagal syncope(VVS).However,data on different subtypes was scarce.METHODS This observational study retrospectively enrolled 141 patients[mean age:40±18 years,51 males(36.2%)]with the diagnosis of VVS.The characteristics among different types of VVS and the outcomes after CNA were analyzed.RESULTS After a mean follow-up of 4.3±1.5 years,41 patients(29.1%)experienced syncope/pre-syncope events after CNA.Syncope/pre-syncope recurrence significantly differed in each subtype(P=0.04).The cardioinhibitory type of VVS had the lowest recurrence rate after the procedure(n=6,16.7%),followed by mixed(n=26,30.6%)and vasodepressive(n=9,45.0%).Additionally,a significant difference was observed in the analyses of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve(P=0.02).Syncope/pre-syncope burden was significantly reduced after CNA in the vasodepressive type(P<0.01).Vasodepressive types with recurrent syncope/pre-syncope after CNA have a lower baseline deceleration capacity(DC)level than those without(7.4±1.0 ms vs.9.0±1.6 ms,P=0.01).Patients with DC<8.4 ms had an 8.1(HR=8.1,95%CI:2.2-30.0,P=0.02)times risk of syncope/pre-syncope recurrence after CNA compared to patients with DC≥8.4 ms,and this association still existed after adjusting for age and sex(HR=8.1,95%CI:2.2-30.1,P=0.02).CONCLUSIONS Different subtypes exhibit different event-free rates.The vasodepressive type exhibited the lowest event-free rate,but those patients with DC≥8.4 ms might benefit from CNA.
文摘Objective To investigate the quantities of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes in the patients with autoimmune hemocytopenia and the relationship between quantities of CD5+ B lymphocytes and clinical or laboratorial parameters. Methods Quantities of CD5+ B lymphocytes in the bone marrow of 14 patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) or Evans syndrome, 22 immunorelated pancytopenia (IRP) patients, and 10 normal controls were assayed by flow cytometry. The correlation between their clinical or laboratorial parameters and CD5+ B lymphocytes was analyzed. Results The quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes of AIHA/Evans syndrome (34.64%±19.81%) or IRP patients (35.81%±16.83%) was significantly higher than that of normal controls (12.00%±1.97%, P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between AIHA/Evans syndrome and IRP patients (P>0.05). In all hemocytopenic patients, the quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes showed significantly negative correlation with serum complement C3 level (r=-0.416, P<0.05). In the patients with AIHA/Evans syndrome, the quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes showed significantly positive correlation with serum indirect bilirubin level (r=1.00, P<0.05). In Evans syndrome patients, the quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes in bone marrow showed significantly positive correlation with platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (r=0.761, P<0.05) and platelet-associated immunoglobulin M (r=0.925, P<0.05). The quantity of CD5+ B lymphocytes in bone marrow of all hemocytopenic patients showed significantly negative correlation with treatment response (tau-b=-0.289, P<0.05), but had no correlation with colony forming unit-erythroid (r=-0.205, P>0.05) or colony forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage colonies (r=-0.214, P>0.05). Conclusions The quantity of bone marrow CD5+ B lymphocytes in the patients with autoimmune hemocytopenia significantly increases and is correlated with disease severity and clinical response, which suggest that CD5+ B lymphocytes might play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hemocytopenia.
基金supported by the Chinese National S&T Plan(2004BA519A55)
文摘The HA1 gene of H3N2 subtype swine influenza virus(SIV)was cloned into the expression plasmid pET-30a,the recombinant plasmid was named pET-HAl.This was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3),and expressed by induction with IPTG.The expressed HA protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting which showed the protein to be 42kDa and was immunoreactive.The purified HA protein was used to establish the indirect ELIS A for detection of the antibodies,specifically against the H3 subtype of SIV.The assay has excellent specificity,sensitivity and reproducibility.When 96 serum samples,randomly collected from the field,were evaluated in parallel by this new ELISA using recombinant HA1 and a routine HI test,the coincidental rate between the two tests was 86.5%.These results show that the recombinant HAl-based ELISA is specific,sensitive and easy to perform for the serological diagnosis of SIV infection.
基金supported by the Chinese National S&T Plan(2004BA519A55)Scientific Research Program of State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology(NKLVBP200818)
文摘To construct a recombinant adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC315-H5HA-EGFP,the HA gene of A/Swine/Fujian/1/2001(H5N1) was amplified by RT-PCR and then inserted into adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC315.A replication-defective recombinant adenovirus expressing the HA gene(rAd-H5HA-EGFP) was generated by co-transfecting the recombinant shuttle plasmid pDC315-H5HA-EGFP and the genomic plasmid pBHGlox△E1,E3Cre in HEK293 cells.The recombinant adenovirus was confirmed by PCR,RT-PCR and Western blot assay.These results demonstrated that HA protein was properly expressed by the rAd-H5HA-EGFP in HEK293 cells and had natural biological activities.The TCID<sub>50</sub> of the rAd-H5HA- EGFP was assessed to be 2.26×10<sup>10</sup>/mL after propagation and purification.Immunization of BALB/ c mice indicated that rAd-H5HA-EGFP induced HI antibodies and protected mice from replication of the challenge virus in their lungs.
文摘Objective: To study the function in cellular immunity of patients with hyper-IgE syndrome (HIE). Methods: T-lymphocyte subtypes of the peripheral blood and cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to two recall antigens, tetanus toxoid (TT) and purified protein derivative(PPD), were measured in 5 patients with HIE and 15 healthy controls, respectively. Results: The CD4 + cell counts in HIE group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). In contrast, CD8 + cells were significantly higher in HIE group than those in the controls. The induration sizes of DTH to two recall antigens were smaller in HIE group than those in controls (P<0.01). Conclusion: There is an immunologic dysfunction of T lymphocytes in the patients with HIE and T cells play an important role in the pathogenesis.
基金suppor ted by the US Depar tment of Defense Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program (CDMRP)awards (http://cdmrp.army.mil/) W81XWH-16-1-0632 (Craddock PI),W81XWH-16-1-0552 (Craddock PI),W81XWH-18-1-0549 (Sullivan PI),W81XWH-13-2-0072 (Sullivan PI),and W81XWH-09-2-0071 (Klimas PI)a Veterans Affairs Merit Award (4987.69) to Dr.Nancy Klimas。
文摘Background:One-third of veterans returning from the 1990–1991 Gulf War reported a myriad of symptoms including cognitive dysfunction,skin rashes,musculoskeletal discomfort,and fatigue.This symptom cluster is now referred to as Gulf War Illness(GWI).As the underlying mechanisms of GWI have yet to be fully elucidated,diagnosis and treatment are based on symptomatic presentation.One confounding factor tied to the illness is the high presence of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD).Previous research efforts have demonstrated that both GWI and PTSD are associated with immunological dysfunction.As such,this research endeavor aimed to provide insight into the complex relationship between GWI symptoms,cytokine presence,and immune cell populations to pinpoint the impact of PTSD on these measures in GWI.Methods:Symptom measures were gathered through the Multidimensional fatigue inventory(MFI)and 36-item short form health survey(SF-36)scales and biological measures were obtained through cytokine&cytometry analysis.Subgrouping was conducted using Davidson Trauma Scale scores and the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(DSM)-5,into GWI with high probability of PTSD symptoms(GWIH)and GWI with low probability of PTSD symptoms(GWIL).Data was analyzed using analysis of variance(ANOVA)statistical analysis along with correlation graph analysis.We mapped correlations between immune cells and cytokine signaling measures,hormones and GWI symptom measures to identify patterns in regulation between the GWIH,GWIL,and healthy control groups.Results:GWI with comorbid PTSD symptoms resulted in poorer health outcomes compared with both healthy control(HC)and the GWIL subgroup.Significant differences were found in basophil levels of GWI compared with HC at peak exercise regardless of PTSD symptom comorbidity(ANOVA F=4.7,P=0.01)indicating its potential usage as a biomarker for general GWI from control.While the unique identification of GWI with PTSD symptoms was less clear,the GWIL subgroup was found to be delineated from both GWIH and HC on measures of IL-15 across an exercise challenge(ANOVA F>3.75,P<0.03).Additional differences in natural killer(NK)cell numbers and function highlight IL-15 as a potential biomarker of GWI in the absence of PTSD symptoms.Conclusions:We conclude that disentangling GWI and PTSD by defining trauma-based subgroups may aid in the identification of unique GWI biosignatures that can help to improve diagnosis and target treatment of GWI more effectively.
基金supported by the Guangdong Province Science&Technology Hard Nut Project(2004A2090102)Guangdong Province Education Bureau Science Foundation Project(Z02003)
文摘Ducks inoculated intravenously or via the ocular-nasal-oral-cloacal routes with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus,A/duck/Guangdong/220/2004(H5N1),developed systemic hyperemia,congestion,hemorrhage,thrombosis and edema in various organs,as well as necrosis or apoptosis in the parenchyma of the heart,liver,spleen,lungs,kidneys,pancreas,brain,thymus and bursa of Fabricius.The main manifestations were angiitis,necrotic pancreatitis,atrophic necrotic thymitis and bursitis Fabricii,splenitis,tracheitis,hemorrhagic bronchointerstitial pneumonia,viral myocarditis,nonsuppurative encephalitis,focal viral hepatitis,ulcerative enteritis,renal tubule interstitial nephritis,and intraglomerular mesangial cell hyperplastic glomerular nephritis.The results demonstrated that the mechanism of pathogenesis involved cellular necrosis and apoptosis,and that death of the ducks was caused by severe pathologic trauma occurring in multiple visceral organs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31970696, 81502975, 82188102, and 81830089)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar (LR22H160010)+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFC1316000)Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program (2019C03019)Zhejiang Provincial College Student Science and Technology Innovation Activity Plan-College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Incubation Program (Young Talent Program)(2022R40122)
文摘Pancreatic cancer is characterized by inter-tumoral and intra-tumoral heterogeneity,especially in genetic alteration and microenvironment.Conventional therapeutic strategies for pancreatic cancer usually suffer resistance,highlighting the necessity for personalized precise treatment.Cancer vaccines have become promising alternatives for pancreatic cancer treatment because of their multifaceted advantages including multiple targeting,minimal nonspecific effects,broad therapeutic window,low toxicity,and induction of persistent immunological memory.Multiple conventional vaccines based on the cells,microorganisms,exosomes,proteins,peptides,or DNA against pancreatic cancer have been developed;however,their overall efficacy remains unsatisfactory.Compared with these vaccine modalities,messager RNA(mRNA)-based vaccines offer technical and conceptional advances in personalized precise treatment,and thus represent a potentially cutting-edge option in novel therapeutic approaches for pancreatic cancer.This review summarizes the current progress on pancreatic cancer vaccines,highlights the superiority of mRNA vaccines over other conventional vaccines,and proposes the viable tactic for designing and applying personalized mRNA vaccines for the precise treatment of pancreatic cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970696,81502975,81830089,U20A20378,82188102)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar(LR22H160010)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program(2019YFC1316000)the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2019C03019)the Zhejiang Provincial College Student Science and Technology Innovation Activity Plan-College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Incubation Program(Young Talent Program)(2022R40122)。
文摘Cholangiocarcinoma(CHOL)is one of the most aggressive tumors worldwide and cannot be effectively treated by conventional and novel treatments,including immune checkpoint blockade therapy.The mRNA vaccine-based immunotherapeutic strategy has attracted much attention for various diseases,however,its application in CHOL is limited due to the thoughtlessness in the integration of vaccine design and patient selection.A recent study established an integrated path for identifying potent CHOL antigens for mRNA vaccine development and a precise stratification for identifying CHOL patients who can benefit from the mRNA vaccines.In spite of a promising prospect,further investigations should identify immunogenic antigens and onco-immunological characteristics of CHOL to guide the clinical application of CHOL mRNA vaccines in the future.
文摘Listeria monocytogenes,one of the most important foodborne pathogens,can cause listeriosis,a lethal disease for humans.L.ivanovii,which is closely related to L.monocytogenes,is also widely distributed in nature and infects mainly warm-blooded ruminants,causing economic loss.Thus,there are high priority needs for methodologies for rapid,specific,cost-effective and accurate detection,characterization and subtyping of L.monocytogenes and L.ivanovii in foods and environmental sources.In this review,we(A)described L.monocytogenes and L.ivanovii,world-wide incidence of listeriosis,and prevalence of various L.monocytogenes strains in food and environmental sources;(B)comprehensively reviewed different types of traditional and newly developed methodologies,including culture-based,antigen/antibody-based,LOOP-mediated isothermal amplification,matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry,DNA microarray,and genomic sequencing for detection and characterization of L.monocytogenes in foods and environmental sources;(C)comprehensively summarized different subtyping methodologies,including pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,multi-locus sequence typing,ribotyping,and phage-typing,and whole genomic sequencing etc.for subtyping of L.monocytogenes strains from food and environmental sources;and(D)described the applications of these methodologies in detection and subtyping of L.monocytogenes in foods and food processing facilities.
