An aluminoborate,Na_(2.5)Rb[Al{B_(5)O_(10)}{B_(3)O_(5)}]·0.5NO_(3)·H_(2)O(1),was synthesized under hydrothermal condition,which was built by mixed oxoboron clusters and AlO_(4)tetrahedra.In the structure,the...An aluminoborate,Na_(2.5)Rb[Al{B_(5)O_(10)}{B_(3)O_(5)}]·0.5NO_(3)·H_(2)O(1),was synthesized under hydrothermal condition,which was built by mixed oxoboron clusters and AlO_(4)tetrahedra.In the structure,the[B_(5)O_(10)]^(5-)and[B_(3)O_(7)]^(5-)clusters are alternately connected to form 1D[B_(8)O_(15)]_(n)^(6n-)chains,which are further linked by AlO_(4)units to form a 2D monolayer with 7‑membered ring and 10‑membered ring windows.Two adjacent monolayers with opposite orientations further form a porous‑layered structure with six channels through B—O—Al bonds.Compound 1 was characterized by single crystal X‑ray diffraction,powder X‑ray diffraction(PXRD),IR spectroscopy,UV‑Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy,and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),respectively.UV‑Vis diffuse reflectance analysis indicates that compound 1 shows a wide transparency range with a short cutoff edge of 201 nm,suggesting it may have potential application in UV regions.CCDC:2383923.展开更多
Tin-lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovskites are extensively investigated in near-infrared(NIR)photodetectors(PDs)owing to their excellent photoelectric performance.However,achieving high-performance Sn-Pb mixed PDs remains chall...Tin-lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovskites are extensively investigated in near-infrared(NIR)photodetectors(PDs)owing to their excellent photoelectric performance.However,achieving high-performance Sn-Pb mixed PDs remains challenging,primarily because of the rapid crystallization and the susceptibility of Sn^(2+) to oxidation.To ad⁃dress these issues,this study introduces the multifunctional molecules 2,3-difluorobenzenamine(DBM)to modulate the crystallization of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and retard the oxidation of Sn^(2+),thereby significantly enhancing film quality.Compared with the pristine film,Sn-Pb mixed perovskite films modulated by DBM molecules exhibit a high⁃ly homogeneous morphology,reduced roughness and defect density.The self-powered NIR PDs fabricated with the improved films have a spectral response range from 300 nm to 1100 nm,a peak responsivity of 0.51 A·W^(-1),a spe⁃cific detectivity as high as 2.46×10^(11)Jones within the NIR region(780 nm to 1100 nm),a linear dynamic range ex⁃ceeding 152 dB,and ultrafast rise/fall time of 123/464 ns.Thanks to the outstanding performance of PDs,the fabri⁃cated 5×5 PDs array demonstrates superior imaging ability in the NIR region up to 980 nm.This work advances the development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites for NIR detection and paves the way for their commercialization.展开更多
Sodium cocoyl glycinate(SCG),an environmentally friendly anionic amino acid surfactant,is widely used in daily chemical products as an upgraded alternative to traditional surfactants.In this study,crude Camellia oleif...Sodium cocoyl glycinate(SCG),an environmentally friendly anionic amino acid surfactant,is widely used in daily chemical products as an upgraded alternative to traditional surfactants.In this study,crude Camellia oleifera saponin(COS)was purified using AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin,and its composition and structure were analyzed.The effects of different mole fractions of COS(αCOS)on surface tension(γ),oil-water interfacial tension(IFT),emulsification,and foam properties of COS-SCG binary mixed systems were investigated in mixtures of SCG with purified COS.The stability ofγand foamability under diverse environmental conditions were also discussed.The results indicated that the COS-SCG system exhibited remarkable surface-active synergism.The minimum critical micelle concentration(cmc)of the mixed system was lower than that of SCG,and adding a small mole fraction of COS(1%-2%)induced a synergistic reduction ofγ.Specifically,the cmc andγwere 2.50×10-4 mol/L and 23.1 mN/m forαCOS=1%,respectively.The system exhibited exceptional IFT reduction capacity,achieving a minimum value of 1.42 mN/m atαCOS=10%.The mixed system reached a foaming volume(atαCOS=50%)and foam stability(atαCOS=75%)were 51.0 mL and 97.37%,respectively.Microscopic analysis further confirmed these outstanding foam properties.Moreover,the COS-SCG system displayed reducedγwith enhanced foaming volume under elevated temperatures(35-75℃)and salinity(0-20 g/L).However,acidic conditions and hard water compromised bothγstability and foamability.展开更多
The present study introduces a screw-pressing charging method to tackle deficiencies in automation and charge uniformity during the melt-casting of polymer-based energetic materials.To ensure the safety of the experim...The present study introduces a screw-pressing charging method to tackle deficiencies in automation and charge uniformity during the melt-casting of polymer-based energetic materials.To ensure the safety of the experiments,this study used inert materials with similar physical properties to partially substitute for the actual energetic components in the preparation of simulant materials.By thoroughly analyzing slurry physical properties,a simulation framework and an extensive performance evaluation method were developed.Such tools guide the design of the structure and configuration of process parameters.Results demonstrate that employing the Pin element significantly enhances radial mixing within the screw,minimizes temperature variations in the slurry,and improves both efficiency and safety in the mixing process.Further,adjustments such as widening the cone angle of the barrel,modifying the solid content of the slurry,and varying the speed of the screw can optimize the mechanical and thermal coupling in the flow field.These adjustments promote higher-quality slurry and create a safer production environment for the extrusion process.展开更多
To determine how bus stop design influences mixed traffic operation near Chinese bus stops,a new theoretical method was developed by using additive-conflict-flows procedure.The procedure was extended from homogeneous ...To determine how bus stop design influences mixed traffic operation near Chinese bus stops,a new theoretical method was developed by using additive-conflict-flows procedure.The procedure was extended from homogeneous traffic flow to mixed traffic flow.Based on the procedure and queuing theory,car capacity and speed models were proposed for three types of bus stops including curbside,bus bay and bicycle detour.The effects of various combinations of bus stop type,traffic volume,bus dwell time,and berth number on traffic operations were investigated.The results indicate that traffic volume,bus dwell time and berth number have negative effects on traffic operations for any type of bus stops.For different types of bus stops,at car volumes above approximately 200 vehicles per hour,the bus bay and bicycle detour designs provide more benefits than the curbside design.As traffic volume increases,the benefit firstly increases in uncongested conditions and then decreases in congested conditions.It reaches the maximum at car volumes nearly 1 100 vehicles per hour.The results can be used to aid in the selection of a preferred bus stop design for a given traffic volume in developing countries.展开更多
The stratification phenomenon resulting from differences in the physical properties of solid-liquid components seriously affect the final combustion and explosion characteristics of mixed fuel under the action of osci...The stratification phenomenon resulting from differences in the physical properties of solid-liquid components seriously affect the final combustion and explosion characteristics of mixed fuel under the action of oscillation.The effects of oscillation on the physical stability of mixed fuel with two solid-liquid ratios and three liquid component distribution ratios have been investigated using a self-designed experimental system at oscillation frequencies of 60-300 r/min.The explosion characteristics of mixed fuel before and after oscillation are gained from a 20 L spherical explosion container system.When the mass ratio of liquid components is controlled at 66.9%,64.7%,62.6%the final explosion characteristics are stable,with a maximum difference of only 0.71%.The volume of liquid fuel precipitation increases with increasing oscillation frequency when the mass ratio of liquid components reaches 71.7%,69.6%,67.7%.The fuel explosion overpressure after oscillation decreases with increasing liquid precipitation volume,and the repeatability is poor,with a maximum standard deviation of 82.736,which is much higher than the ratio without stratification.Properly controlling the mass ratio of liquid components of the mixed fuel can effectively combat the impact of oscillation on the physical state and maintain the stability of the final explosion characteristics.展开更多
文摘An aluminoborate,Na_(2.5)Rb[Al{B_(5)O_(10)}{B_(3)O_(5)}]·0.5NO_(3)·H_(2)O(1),was synthesized under hydrothermal condition,which was built by mixed oxoboron clusters and AlO_(4)tetrahedra.In the structure,the[B_(5)O_(10)]^(5-)and[B_(3)O_(7)]^(5-)clusters are alternately connected to form 1D[B_(8)O_(15)]_(n)^(6n-)chains,which are further linked by AlO_(4)units to form a 2D monolayer with 7‑membered ring and 10‑membered ring windows.Two adjacent monolayers with opposite orientations further form a porous‑layered structure with six channels through B—O—Al bonds.Compound 1 was characterized by single crystal X‑ray diffraction,powder X‑ray diffraction(PXRD),IR spectroscopy,UV‑Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy,and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),respectively.UV‑Vis diffuse reflectance analysis indicates that compound 1 shows a wide transparency range with a short cutoff edge of 201 nm,suggesting it may have potential application in UV regions.CCDC:2383923.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1404201)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62205187,U23A20380,U22A2091,62222509,62127817,62075120)+3 种基金Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China(IRT_17R70)Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202103021223032,202303021222031)Project Funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M722006)Fund for Shanxi“1331 Project”Key Subjects Construction。
文摘Tin-lead(Sn-Pb)mixed perovskites are extensively investigated in near-infrared(NIR)photodetectors(PDs)owing to their excellent photoelectric performance.However,achieving high-performance Sn-Pb mixed PDs remains challenging,primarily because of the rapid crystallization and the susceptibility of Sn^(2+) to oxidation.To ad⁃dress these issues,this study introduces the multifunctional molecules 2,3-difluorobenzenamine(DBM)to modulate the crystallization of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites and retard the oxidation of Sn^(2+),thereby significantly enhancing film quality.Compared with the pristine film,Sn-Pb mixed perovskite films modulated by DBM molecules exhibit a high⁃ly homogeneous morphology,reduced roughness and defect density.The self-powered NIR PDs fabricated with the improved films have a spectral response range from 300 nm to 1100 nm,a peak responsivity of 0.51 A·W^(-1),a spe⁃cific detectivity as high as 2.46×10^(11)Jones within the NIR region(780 nm to 1100 nm),a linear dynamic range ex⁃ceeding 152 dB,and ultrafast rise/fall time of 123/464 ns.Thanks to the outstanding performance of PDs,the fabri⁃cated 5×5 PDs array demonstrates superior imaging ability in the NIR region up to 980 nm.This work advances the development of Sn-Pb mixed perovskites for NIR detection and paves the way for their commercialization.
文摘Sodium cocoyl glycinate(SCG),an environmentally friendly anionic amino acid surfactant,is widely used in daily chemical products as an upgraded alternative to traditional surfactants.In this study,crude Camellia oleifera saponin(COS)was purified using AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin,and its composition and structure were analyzed.The effects of different mole fractions of COS(αCOS)on surface tension(γ),oil-water interfacial tension(IFT),emulsification,and foam properties of COS-SCG binary mixed systems were investigated in mixtures of SCG with purified COS.The stability ofγand foamability under diverse environmental conditions were also discussed.The results indicated that the COS-SCG system exhibited remarkable surface-active synergism.The minimum critical micelle concentration(cmc)of the mixed system was lower than that of SCG,and adding a small mole fraction of COS(1%-2%)induced a synergistic reduction ofγ.Specifically,the cmc andγwere 2.50×10-4 mol/L and 23.1 mN/m forαCOS=1%,respectively.The system exhibited exceptional IFT reduction capacity,achieving a minimum value of 1.42 mN/m atαCOS=10%.The mixed system reached a foaming volume(atαCOS=50%)and foam stability(atαCOS=75%)were 51.0 mL and 97.37%,respectively.Microscopic analysis further confirmed these outstanding foam properties.Moreover,the COS-SCG system displayed reducedγwith enhanced foaming volume under elevated temperatures(35-75℃)and salinity(0-20 g/L).However,acidic conditions and hard water compromised bothγstability and foamability.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.30923011018)。
文摘The present study introduces a screw-pressing charging method to tackle deficiencies in automation and charge uniformity during the melt-casting of polymer-based energetic materials.To ensure the safety of the experiments,this study used inert materials with similar physical properties to partially substitute for the actual energetic components in the preparation of simulant materials.By thoroughly analyzing slurry physical properties,a simulation framework and an extensive performance evaluation method were developed.Such tools guide the design of the structure and configuration of process parameters.Results demonstrate that employing the Pin element significantly enhances radial mixing within the screw,minimizes temperature variations in the slurry,and improves both efficiency and safety in the mixing process.Further,adjustments such as widening the cone angle of the barrel,modifying the solid content of the slurry,and varying the speed of the screw can optimize the mechanical and thermal coupling in the flow field.These adjustments promote higher-quality slurry and create a safer production environment for the extrusion process.
基金Project(2012CB725400) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProjects(70901005, 71071016, 71131001) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011JBM055) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘To determine how bus stop design influences mixed traffic operation near Chinese bus stops,a new theoretical method was developed by using additive-conflict-flows procedure.The procedure was extended from homogeneous traffic flow to mixed traffic flow.Based on the procedure and queuing theory,car capacity and speed models were proposed for three types of bus stops including curbside,bus bay and bicycle detour.The effects of various combinations of bus stop type,traffic volume,bus dwell time,and berth number on traffic operations were investigated.The results indicate that traffic volume,bus dwell time and berth number have negative effects on traffic operations for any type of bus stops.For different types of bus stops,at car volumes above approximately 200 vehicles per hour,the bus bay and bicycle detour designs provide more benefits than the curbside design.As traffic volume increases,the benefit firstly increases in uncongested conditions and then decreases in congested conditions.It reaches the maximum at car volumes nearly 1 100 vehicles per hour.The results can be used to aid in the selection of a preferred bus stop design for a given traffic volume in developing countries.
文摘The stratification phenomenon resulting from differences in the physical properties of solid-liquid components seriously affect the final combustion and explosion characteristics of mixed fuel under the action of oscillation.The effects of oscillation on the physical stability of mixed fuel with two solid-liquid ratios and three liquid component distribution ratios have been investigated using a self-designed experimental system at oscillation frequencies of 60-300 r/min.The explosion characteristics of mixed fuel before and after oscillation are gained from a 20 L spherical explosion container system.When the mass ratio of liquid components is controlled at 66.9%,64.7%,62.6%the final explosion characteristics are stable,with a maximum difference of only 0.71%.The volume of liquid fuel precipitation increases with increasing oscillation frequency when the mass ratio of liquid components reaches 71.7%,69.6%,67.7%.The fuel explosion overpressure after oscillation decreases with increasing liquid precipitation volume,and the repeatability is poor,with a maximum standard deviation of 82.736,which is much higher than the ratio without stratification.Properly controlling the mass ratio of liquid components of the mixed fuel can effectively combat the impact of oscillation on the physical state and maintain the stability of the final explosion characteristics.
