Red-green-blue(RGB)beam combiners are widely used in scenarios such as augmented reality/virtual reality(AR/VR),laser projection,biochemical detection,and other fields.Optical waveguide combiners have attracted extens...Red-green-blue(RGB)beam combiners are widely used in scenarios such as augmented reality/virtual reality(AR/VR),laser projection,biochemical detection,and other fields.Optical waveguide combiners have attracted extensive attention due to their advantages of small size,high multiplexing efficiency,convenient mass production,and low cost.An RGB beam combiner based on directional couplers is designed,with a core-cladding relative refractive index difference of 0.75%.The RGB beam combiner is optimized from the perspective of parameter optimization.Using the beam propagation method(BPM),the relationship between the performance of the RGB beam combiner and individual parameters is studied,achieving preliminary optimization of the device’s performance.The key parameters of the RGB beam combiner are optimized using the entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution TOPSIS method,establishing the optimal parameter scheme and further improving the device’s performance indicators.The results show that after optimization,the multiplexing efficiencies for red,green,and blue lights,as well as the average multiplexing efficiency,reached 99.17%,99.76%,96.63%and 98.52%,respectively.The size of the RGB beam combiner is 4.768 mm×0.062 mm.展开更多
This study designs four types of liquid-filled cylindrical shell structures to investigate their protection characteristics against explosive shock waves and high-speed fragments.Bare charge and charge-driven prefabri...This study designs four types of liquid-filled cylindrical shell structures to investigate their protection characteristics against explosive shock waves and high-speed fragments.Bare charge and charge-driven prefabricated fragments are employed to examine the damage under blast shock waves and combined blast and fragments loading on various liquid-filled cylindrical shell structures.The test results are compared to numerical calculations and theoretical analysis for the structure's deformation,the liquid medium's movement,and the pressure waves'propagation characteristics under different liquid-filling methods.The results showed that the filling method influences the blast protection and the struc-ture's energy absorption performance.The external filling method reduces the structural deformation,and the internal filling method increases the damage effect.The gapped internal filling method improves the structure's energy absorption efficiency.The pressure wave loading on the liquid-filled cylindrical shell structure differs depending on filling methods.Explosive shock waves and high-speed fragments show a damage enhancement effect on the liquid-filled cylindrical shell structure,depending on the thickness of the internal liquid container layer.The specific impulse on the inner surface of the cylindrical shell positively correlates to the radial deformation of the cylindrical shell structure,and the external liquid layer limits the radial structural deformation.展开更多
To investigate the mechanical response during failure and the impact tendency characteristics of gangue-coal combined structure,uniaxial compression tests were conducted on nine groups of combined structures,each with...To investigate the mechanical response during failure and the impact tendency characteristics of gangue-coal combined structure,uniaxial compression tests were conducted on nine groups of combined structures,each with varying gangue thicknesses and positions.The response patterns of compressive strength,elastic modulus,pre-peak accumulated energy,elastic energy index,and impact energy index were systematically analyzed.Furthermore,a new index for evaluating the impact tendency of gangue-containing coal was proposed,and its effectiveness was verified.The findings are as follows:(1)As the gangue thickness increases,both the compressive strength and the pre-peak energy of the combined structure decrease,whereas the elastic modulus increases accordingly.When the gangue is located in the lower middle position,the combined structure exhibits the lowest compressive strength and elastic modulus but the highest pre peak energy.(2)As the gangue shifts toward the middle position of the combined structure,the failure mode gradually transitions from comple te“crushing”failure to an incomplete“point-type”failure.As gangue thickness further increases,the failure region evolves from overall failure to localized failure,with the degree of failure shifting from complete to incomplete.The K_(crc)value corresponding to“crushing”complete failure is higher and has a stronger impact tendency compared to“point-type”incomplete failure.(3)The proposed comprehensive impact instability evaluation index K_(crc)for the gangue-coal combined structure has shown a significant positive correlation with compressive strength(R_(c))and impact energy index(K_(E)),further verifyi ng its rationality in comprehensively assessing the impact tendency of gangue-containing coal bodies.Applying this index to the evaluation of gangue-containing coal seams provides a more accurate reflection of their impact tendency compared with the residual energy index,which has a wide range of potential applications and practical significance.展开更多
Tackling the problems of underground water storage in collieries in arid regions requires knowledge of the effect of water intrusion and loading rate on the mechanical properties of and crack development in coal–rock...Tackling the problems of underground water storage in collieries in arid regions requires knowledge of the effect of water intrusion and loading rate on the mechanical properties of and crack development in coal–rock combinations. Fifty-four coal–rock combinations were prepared and split equally into groups containing different moisture contents(dry, natural moisture and saturated) to conduct acoustic emission testing under uniaxial compression with loading rates ranging from 0.1 mm/min to 0.6 mm/min. The results show that the peak stress and strength-softening modulus, elastic modulus, strain-softening modulus, and post-peak modulus partly decrease with increasing moisture content and loading rate. In contrast, peak strain increases with increasing moisture content and fluctuates with rising loading rate. More significantly, the relationship between stiffness and stress, combined with accumulated counts of acoustic emission, can be used to precisely predict all phases of crack propagation. This is helpful in studying the impact of moisture content and loading rate on crack propagation and accurately calculating mechanical properties. We also determined that the stress thresholds of crack closure, crack initiation, and crack damage do not vary with changes of moisture content and loading rate, constituting 15.22%, 32.20%, and 80.98% of peak stress, respectively. These outcomes assist in developing approaches to water storage in coal mines, determining the necessary width of waterproof coal–rock pillars, and methods of supporting water-enriched roadways, while also advances understanding the mechanical properties of coal–rock combinations and laws of crack propagation.展开更多
Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivati...Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivation of enhanced hybrid plants with desired traits,such as high yield and fine fiber quality.In this study,the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA)of yield and fiber quality of nine cotton parents(six lines and three testers)and eighteen F1 crosses produced using a line×tester mating design were analyzed.Results The results revealed significant effects of genotypes,parents,crosses,and interactions between parents and crosses for most of the studied traits.Moreover,the effects of both additive and non-additive gene actions played a notably significant role in the inheritance of most of the yield and fiber quality attributes.The F1 hybrids of(Giza 90×Aust)×Giza 86,Uzbekistan 1×Giza 97,and Giza 96×Giza 97 demonstrated superior performance due to their favorable integration of high yield attributes and premium fiber quality characteristics.Path analysis revealed that lint yield has the highest positive direct effect on seed cotton yield,while lint percentage showed the highest negative direct effect on seed cotton yield.Principal component analysis identified specific parents and hybrids associated with higher cotton yield,fiber quality,and other agronomic traits.Conclusion This study provides insights into identifying potential single-and three-way cross hybrids with superior cotton yield and fiber quality characteristics,laying a foundation for future research on improving fiber quality in cotton.展开更多
Background Studies on genetic variation and combining ability are essential tools to employ the suitable breeding programme,particularly for hybrid production,to exploit the heterosis in cross-pollinated crops like co...Background Studies on genetic variation and combining ability are essential tools to employ the suitable breeding programme,particularly for hybrid production,to exploit the heterosis in cross-pollinated crops like cotton.Thus,combining ability studies in desi cotton(Gossypium arboreum L.)was carried out using 13 diverse parents through diallel mating design,evaluating 78 F,hybrids along with their parents,without reciprocals using Griffing's and Hayman's approaches.Results Genotypes H 509,AC 3265,AKH 496,and PBN 565 exhibited superior per se performance,indicating their potential use as parents in future breeding programs to develop superior hybrids.The general combining ability(GCA)effect of the genotypes revealed that AC 3097 and AKA 13-SP1 were good general combiners for most traits in this study.Genotypes PBS 1127-SP1,AKH 496,H 509,N11-54-31-32,and AKA 13-SP1 exhibited strong combining ability,contributing to a significant specific combining ability(SCA)effect in seven selected crosses(AC 3265×PBS1127-SP1,AKH 496×H 509,AKH 496×AC 3097,PBS 1127-SP1×N11-54-31-32,AC 3216×AKA 13-SP1,H 503×N11-54-31-32,and H 509×AKA 13-SP1)for yield improvement.These crosses showed positive heterosis in a positive direction.Conclusion From the present study,five genotypes(AC 3097,AKA 13-SP1,N11-54-31-32,AC 3265,and H 509)were identified as good general combiners for producing hybrids,and seven combinations showed a promising hybrid for future breeding programs.展开更多
For the ultimate strength model test evaluation of large ship structures, the distortion model with non-uniform ratio between the main size and the plate thickness size is usually adopted. It is the key to carry out s...For the ultimate strength model test evaluation of large ship structures, the distortion model with non-uniform ratio between the main size and the plate thickness size is usually adopted. It is the key to carry out scale model test to establish a distortion model similar to the real ship structure under combined load. A similarity criterion for ship distortion model under the combined action of bending moment and surface pressure was proposed, and the scale effect for the criterion was verified by a se ries of numerical analysis and model tests. The results show that the similarity criterion for ship distor tion model under combined loads has a certain scale effect. For the model tests of ship cabin struc tures, it is suggested that the scale range between the plate thickness scale and the main dimension scale should be controlled within 2:1, which can be used as a reference for distortion model design and ultimate strength test of large-scale ship structures.展开更多
A restricted combination is a kind of language phenomena.It is important in language.It is relatively-stationary phrase.Though it is conposed of more than one word,its meaning isn't only literal meaning expressed ...A restricted combination is a kind of language phenomena.It is important in language.It is relatively-stationary phrase.Though it is conposed of more than one word,its meaning isn't only literal meaning expressed by the words,but holistic.The whole isn't equal to the part.In the process of understanding restricted combinations,holistic congnition can play an important role.展开更多
基金Project(52175445)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2022JJ30743)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China+1 种基金Project(2023GK2024)supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2023ZZTS0391)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China。
文摘Red-green-blue(RGB)beam combiners are widely used in scenarios such as augmented reality/virtual reality(AR/VR),laser projection,biochemical detection,and other fields.Optical waveguide combiners have attracted extensive attention due to their advantages of small size,high multiplexing efficiency,convenient mass production,and low cost.An RGB beam combiner based on directional couplers is designed,with a core-cladding relative refractive index difference of 0.75%.The RGB beam combiner is optimized from the perspective of parameter optimization.Using the beam propagation method(BPM),the relationship between the performance of the RGB beam combiner and individual parameters is studied,achieving preliminary optimization of the device’s performance.The key parameters of the RGB beam combiner are optimized using the entropy weight-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution TOPSIS method,establishing the optimal parameter scheme and further improving the device’s performance indicators.The results show that after optimization,the multiplexing efficiencies for red,green,and blue lights,as well as the average multiplexing efficiency,reached 99.17%,99.76%,96.63%and 98.52%,respectively.The size of the RGB beam combiner is 4.768 mm×0.062 mm.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52371342,52271338,52101378 and 51979277)。
文摘This study designs four types of liquid-filled cylindrical shell structures to investigate their protection characteristics against explosive shock waves and high-speed fragments.Bare charge and charge-driven prefabricated fragments are employed to examine the damage under blast shock waves and combined blast and fragments loading on various liquid-filled cylindrical shell structures.The test results are compared to numerical calculations and theoretical analysis for the structure's deformation,the liquid medium's movement,and the pressure waves'propagation characteristics under different liquid-filling methods.The results showed that the filling method influences the blast protection and the struc-ture's energy absorption performance.The external filling method reduces the structural deformation,and the internal filling method increases the damage effect.The gapped internal filling method improves the structure's energy absorption efficiency.The pressure wave loading on the liquid-filled cylindrical shell structure differs depending on filling methods.Explosive shock waves and high-speed fragments show a damage enhancement effect on the liquid-filled cylindrical shell structure,depending on the thickness of the internal liquid container layer.The specific impulse on the inner surface of the cylindrical shell positively correlates to the radial deformation of the cylindrical shell structure,and the external liquid layer limits the radial structural deformation.
基金Project(52274130)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(ZR2024ZD22)supported by the Major Basic Research Project of the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China+1 种基金Project(2023375)supported by the Guizhou University Research and Innovation Team,ChinaProject(LH[2024]-026)supported by the Guizhou Science and Technology Plan Project,China。
文摘To investigate the mechanical response during failure and the impact tendency characteristics of gangue-coal combined structure,uniaxial compression tests were conducted on nine groups of combined structures,each with varying gangue thicknesses and positions.The response patterns of compressive strength,elastic modulus,pre-peak accumulated energy,elastic energy index,and impact energy index were systematically analyzed.Furthermore,a new index for evaluating the impact tendency of gangue-containing coal was proposed,and its effectiveness was verified.The findings are as follows:(1)As the gangue thickness increases,both the compressive strength and the pre-peak energy of the combined structure decrease,whereas the elastic modulus increases accordingly.When the gangue is located in the lower middle position,the combined structure exhibits the lowest compressive strength and elastic modulus but the highest pre peak energy.(2)As the gangue shifts toward the middle position of the combined structure,the failure mode gradually transitions from comple te“crushing”failure to an incomplete“point-type”failure.As gangue thickness further increases,the failure region evolves from overall failure to localized failure,with the degree of failure shifting from complete to incomplete.The K_(crc)value corresponding to“crushing”complete failure is higher and has a stronger impact tendency compared to“point-type”incomplete failure.(3)The proposed comprehensive impact instability evaluation index K_(crc)for the gangue-coal combined structure has shown a significant positive correlation with compressive strength(R_(c))and impact energy index(K_(E)),further verifyi ng its rationality in comprehensively assessing the impact tendency of gangue-containing coal bodies.Applying this index to the evaluation of gangue-containing coal seams provides a more accurate reflection of their impact tendency compared with the residual energy index,which has a wide range of potential applications and practical significance.
基金Project(2014QNB31)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProjects(51674248)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),China
文摘Tackling the problems of underground water storage in collieries in arid regions requires knowledge of the effect of water intrusion and loading rate on the mechanical properties of and crack development in coal–rock combinations. Fifty-four coal–rock combinations were prepared and split equally into groups containing different moisture contents(dry, natural moisture and saturated) to conduct acoustic emission testing under uniaxial compression with loading rates ranging from 0.1 mm/min to 0.6 mm/min. The results show that the peak stress and strength-softening modulus, elastic modulus, strain-softening modulus, and post-peak modulus partly decrease with increasing moisture content and loading rate. In contrast, peak strain increases with increasing moisture content and fluctuates with rising loading rate. More significantly, the relationship between stiffness and stress, combined with accumulated counts of acoustic emission, can be used to precisely predict all phases of crack propagation. This is helpful in studying the impact of moisture content and loading rate on crack propagation and accurately calculating mechanical properties. We also determined that the stress thresholds of crack closure, crack initiation, and crack damage do not vary with changes of moisture content and loading rate, constituting 15.22%, 32.20%, and 80.98% of peak stress, respectively. These outcomes assist in developing approaches to water storage in coal mines, determining the necessary width of waterproof coal–rock pillars, and methods of supporting water-enriched roadways, while also advances understanding the mechanical properties of coal–rock combinations and laws of crack propagation.
文摘Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivation of enhanced hybrid plants with desired traits,such as high yield and fine fiber quality.In this study,the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA)of yield and fiber quality of nine cotton parents(six lines and three testers)and eighteen F1 crosses produced using a line×tester mating design were analyzed.Results The results revealed significant effects of genotypes,parents,crosses,and interactions between parents and crosses for most of the studied traits.Moreover,the effects of both additive and non-additive gene actions played a notably significant role in the inheritance of most of the yield and fiber quality attributes.The F1 hybrids of(Giza 90×Aust)×Giza 86,Uzbekistan 1×Giza 97,and Giza 96×Giza 97 demonstrated superior performance due to their favorable integration of high yield attributes and premium fiber quality characteristics.Path analysis revealed that lint yield has the highest positive direct effect on seed cotton yield,while lint percentage showed the highest negative direct effect on seed cotton yield.Principal component analysis identified specific parents and hybrids associated with higher cotton yield,fiber quality,and other agronomic traits.Conclusion This study provides insights into identifying potential single-and three-way cross hybrids with superior cotton yield and fiber quality characteristics,laying a foundation for future research on improving fiber quality in cotton.
基金supported by ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research,Regional Station,Coimbatore,India。
文摘Background Studies on genetic variation and combining ability are essential tools to employ the suitable breeding programme,particularly for hybrid production,to exploit the heterosis in cross-pollinated crops like cotton.Thus,combining ability studies in desi cotton(Gossypium arboreum L.)was carried out using 13 diverse parents through diallel mating design,evaluating 78 F,hybrids along with their parents,without reciprocals using Griffing's and Hayman's approaches.Results Genotypes H 509,AC 3265,AKH 496,and PBN 565 exhibited superior per se performance,indicating their potential use as parents in future breeding programs to develop superior hybrids.The general combining ability(GCA)effect of the genotypes revealed that AC 3097 and AKA 13-SP1 were good general combiners for most traits in this study.Genotypes PBS 1127-SP1,AKH 496,H 509,N11-54-31-32,and AKA 13-SP1 exhibited strong combining ability,contributing to a significant specific combining ability(SCA)effect in seven selected crosses(AC 3265×PBS1127-SP1,AKH 496×H 509,AKH 496×AC 3097,PBS 1127-SP1×N11-54-31-32,AC 3216×AKA 13-SP1,H 503×N11-54-31-32,and H 509×AKA 13-SP1)for yield improvement.These crosses showed positive heterosis in a positive direction.Conclusion From the present study,five genotypes(AC 3097,AKA 13-SP1,N11-54-31-32,AC 3265,and H 509)were identified as good general combiners for producing hybrids,and seven combinations showed a promising hybrid for future breeding programs.
文摘For the ultimate strength model test evaluation of large ship structures, the distortion model with non-uniform ratio between the main size and the plate thickness size is usually adopted. It is the key to carry out scale model test to establish a distortion model similar to the real ship structure under combined load. A similarity criterion for ship distortion model under the combined action of bending moment and surface pressure was proposed, and the scale effect for the criterion was verified by a se ries of numerical analysis and model tests. The results show that the similarity criterion for ship distor tion model under combined loads has a certain scale effect. For the model tests of ship cabin struc tures, it is suggested that the scale range between the plate thickness scale and the main dimension scale should be controlled within 2:1, which can be used as a reference for distortion model design and ultimate strength test of large-scale ship structures.
基金one of the reseach results of scientific research project in Shanghai University of Engineering Science A Study of English and Chinese Restricted Combinations in Phrase Structures(A-0501-12-30)
文摘A restricted combination is a kind of language phenomena.It is important in language.It is relatively-stationary phrase.Though it is conposed of more than one word,its meaning isn't only literal meaning expressed by the words,but holistic.The whole isn't equal to the part.In the process of understanding restricted combinations,holistic congnition can play an important role.
