Artificial neural network has been used successfully to develope the automatic spike extraction. In order to address some of the problems before the wireless transmission of the implantable chip, the automatic spike s...Artificial neural network has been used successfully to develope the automatic spike extraction. In order to address some of the problems before the wireless transmission of the implantable chip, the automatic spike sorting method with low complexity and high efficiency is proposed based on the hybrid neural network with the principal component analysis network (PCAN) and normal boundary response (NBR) self-organizing mapping (SOM) net- work classifier. An automatic PCAN technique is used to reduce the dimension and eliminate the correlation of the spike signal. The NBR-SOM network performs the spike sorting challenge and improves the classification performance. The experimental results show that based on the hybrid neural network, the spike sorting method achieves the accuracy above 97.91% with signals contain- ing five classes. The proposed NBR-SOM network classifier is to further improve the stability and effectiveness of the classification system.展开更多
深度强化学习(DRL)已被成功应用于移动机器人路径规划中,基于DRL的移动机器人路径规划算法适用于高维环境,是实现移动机器人自主学习的重要方法。而训练DRL模型需要大量的环境交互经验,这意味着更高的计算成本。此外,DRL算法的经验池容...深度强化学习(DRL)已被成功应用于移动机器人路径规划中,基于DRL的移动机器人路径规划算法适用于高维环境,是实现移动机器人自主学习的重要方法。而训练DRL模型需要大量的环境交互经验,这意味着更高的计算成本。此外,DRL算法的经验池容量有限,无法确保经验的有效利用。作为类脑计算重要工具之一的脉冲神经网络(Spiking Neural Networks,SNNs)以其独有的生物似真性,能同时融入时空信息,适用于机器人环境感知及控制。结合SNNs、卷积神经网络(CNNs)和策略融合,针对基于DRL的移动机器人路径规划算法进行研究,完成了以下工作:1)提出SCDDPG(SCDDP)算法。该算法利用CNNs对输入状态进行多通道特征提取,利用SNNs对提取的特征进行时空学习。2)在SCDDPG的基础上,提出SC2DDPG(SC2DDPG)算法。SC2DDPG通过设计状态约束策略对机器人运行状态进行约束,避免了不必要的环境探索,提升了SC2DDPG中DRL的收敛速度。3)在SCDDPG的基础上,提出了PFTDDPG(Policy Fusion and Transfer SCDDPG,PFTDDPG)算法。该算法采用分阶控制模式与DRL算法融合,针对环境中的楔形障碍物实施沿墙行走策略,并引入迁移学习对先验知识进行策略迁移。PFTDDPG算法不仅完成了单纯依靠RL不能完成的路径规划任务,还可以得到最优无碰路径。此外PFTDDPG提升了模型的收敛速度和路径规划性能。实验结果证明了所提出的3种路径规划算法的有效性,对比实验结果表明:在SpikeDDPG,SCDDPG,SC2DDPG和PFTDDPG算法中,PFTDDPG算法在路径规划成功率、训练收敛速度、规划路径长度等性能指标上表现最佳。本工作为移动机器人路径规划提出了新思路,丰富了DRL在移动机器人路径规划中的解决方案。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60971084,61272049)the Science Foundation for the Excellent Youth Scholars of Ministry of Education of China (20091102120046)
文摘Artificial neural network has been used successfully to develope the automatic spike extraction. In order to address some of the problems before the wireless transmission of the implantable chip, the automatic spike sorting method with low complexity and high efficiency is proposed based on the hybrid neural network with the principal component analysis network (PCAN) and normal boundary response (NBR) self-organizing mapping (SOM) net- work classifier. An automatic PCAN technique is used to reduce the dimension and eliminate the correlation of the spike signal. The NBR-SOM network performs the spike sorting challenge and improves the classification performance. The experimental results show that based on the hybrid neural network, the spike sorting method achieves the accuracy above 97.91% with signals contain- ing five classes. The proposed NBR-SOM network classifier is to further improve the stability and effectiveness of the classification system.
文摘深度强化学习(DRL)已被成功应用于移动机器人路径规划中,基于DRL的移动机器人路径规划算法适用于高维环境,是实现移动机器人自主学习的重要方法。而训练DRL模型需要大量的环境交互经验,这意味着更高的计算成本。此外,DRL算法的经验池容量有限,无法确保经验的有效利用。作为类脑计算重要工具之一的脉冲神经网络(Spiking Neural Networks,SNNs)以其独有的生物似真性,能同时融入时空信息,适用于机器人环境感知及控制。结合SNNs、卷积神经网络(CNNs)和策略融合,针对基于DRL的移动机器人路径规划算法进行研究,完成了以下工作:1)提出SCDDPG(SCDDP)算法。该算法利用CNNs对输入状态进行多通道特征提取,利用SNNs对提取的特征进行时空学习。2)在SCDDPG的基础上,提出SC2DDPG(SC2DDPG)算法。SC2DDPG通过设计状态约束策略对机器人运行状态进行约束,避免了不必要的环境探索,提升了SC2DDPG中DRL的收敛速度。3)在SCDDPG的基础上,提出了PFTDDPG(Policy Fusion and Transfer SCDDPG,PFTDDPG)算法。该算法采用分阶控制模式与DRL算法融合,针对环境中的楔形障碍物实施沿墙行走策略,并引入迁移学习对先验知识进行策略迁移。PFTDDPG算法不仅完成了单纯依靠RL不能完成的路径规划任务,还可以得到最优无碰路径。此外PFTDDPG提升了模型的收敛速度和路径规划性能。实验结果证明了所提出的3种路径规划算法的有效性,对比实验结果表明:在SpikeDDPG,SCDDPG,SC2DDPG和PFTDDPG算法中,PFTDDPG算法在路径规划成功率、训练收敛速度、规划路径长度等性能指标上表现最佳。本工作为移动机器人路径规划提出了新思路,丰富了DRL在移动机器人路径规划中的解决方案。