Degenerative diseases significantly reduce the quality of human life.Non-invasive treatments are used in the initial stages of osteoarthritis(OA).Total knee arthroplasty is used in the late stages of osteoarthritis of...Degenerative diseases significantly reduce the quality of human life.Non-invasive treatments are used in the initial stages of osteoarthritis(OA).Total knee arthroplasty is used in the late stages of osteoarthritis of the knee joint.Non-invasive methods based on mechanical action are also used for the rehabilitation of a patient after arthroplasty.This paper presents numerical models of the knee joint with degenerative OA changes and arthroplasty.Using these models,a computational study was made of the influence of the intensity of shock-wave exposure on the conditioning for the regeneration of bone and cartilage tissues.Based on the modeling results,it was found that in the knee joint with degenerative OA changes,conditions for the regeneration of cartilage and meniscus tissues were fulfilled under medium and highintensity loading.Under high-intensity loading(up to 0.9 m J/mm^(2)),the stress level was significantly below the ultimate value required for fracture.At knee arthroplasty,the conditions for bone tissue regeneration around the tibia component are fulfilled only under high-intensity loading.展开更多
为研究冲击波作用下的人耳动态响应特性,设计并开展基于某单兵火箭类武器发射环境的有/无佩戴护听器装置试验研究。在分析发射冲击波特性的基础上,设计制作人耳测试装置模型,形成耳内冲击波防护试验测试方法。通过在射手位置处布设人耳...为研究冲击波作用下的人耳动态响应特性,设计并开展基于某单兵火箭类武器发射环境的有/无佩戴护听器装置试验研究。在分析发射冲击波特性的基础上,设计制作人耳测试装置模型,形成耳内冲击波防护试验测试方法。通过在射手位置处布设人耳测试装置模型以获取人耳内压力-时间变化曲线,并采用超压传感器测量对比位置处的自由场冲击波压力。利用小波分析法对测到的数据进行分析,对比分析2种发射冲击波安全限值的评价方法。研究结果表明:发射时的高声强冲击波具有不稳定性,超压峰值高,持续时间短,具有多个脉冲;高声强冲击波频带宽,成分复杂,有明显的低频率高声压特性;无护听器装置时耳内压力有所增强;佩戴护听器装置后可大幅度削弱冲击波对人耳的作用,正射手右耳超压峰值削弱95.7%、声压级峰值削弱14.8%;改进后的国家军用标准GJB 2A—1996“常规兵器发射或爆炸时脉冲噪声和冲击波对人员听觉器官损伤的限值”和美军标MIL-STD-1474E“Department of defense design criteria standard noise limits”中AHAAH模型2种方法得到的单日允许射击数范围接近,对佩戴护听器装置后的冲击波测量曲线评估的方法是可行的。研究结果可为单兵火箭类武器发射冲击波测试系统优化及改进提供理论基础和实践指导。展开更多
基金financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,grant No.20-08-00818(simulation results)the Government research assignment for ISPMS SB RAS,project FWRW-2021-009(in-house software development)。
文摘Degenerative diseases significantly reduce the quality of human life.Non-invasive treatments are used in the initial stages of osteoarthritis(OA).Total knee arthroplasty is used in the late stages of osteoarthritis of the knee joint.Non-invasive methods based on mechanical action are also used for the rehabilitation of a patient after arthroplasty.This paper presents numerical models of the knee joint with degenerative OA changes and arthroplasty.Using these models,a computational study was made of the influence of the intensity of shock-wave exposure on the conditioning for the regeneration of bone and cartilage tissues.Based on the modeling results,it was found that in the knee joint with degenerative OA changes,conditions for the regeneration of cartilage and meniscus tissues were fulfilled under medium and highintensity loading.Under high-intensity loading(up to 0.9 m J/mm^(2)),the stress level was significantly below the ultimate value required for fracture.At knee arthroplasty,the conditions for bone tissue regeneration around the tibia component are fulfilled only under high-intensity loading.
文摘为研究冲击波作用下的人耳动态响应特性,设计并开展基于某单兵火箭类武器发射环境的有/无佩戴护听器装置试验研究。在分析发射冲击波特性的基础上,设计制作人耳测试装置模型,形成耳内冲击波防护试验测试方法。通过在射手位置处布设人耳测试装置模型以获取人耳内压力-时间变化曲线,并采用超压传感器测量对比位置处的自由场冲击波压力。利用小波分析法对测到的数据进行分析,对比分析2种发射冲击波安全限值的评价方法。研究结果表明:发射时的高声强冲击波具有不稳定性,超压峰值高,持续时间短,具有多个脉冲;高声强冲击波频带宽,成分复杂,有明显的低频率高声压特性;无护听器装置时耳内压力有所增强;佩戴护听器装置后可大幅度削弱冲击波对人耳的作用,正射手右耳超压峰值削弱95.7%、声压级峰值削弱14.8%;改进后的国家军用标准GJB 2A—1996“常规兵器发射或爆炸时脉冲噪声和冲击波对人员听觉器官损伤的限值”和美军标MIL-STD-1474E“Department of defense design criteria standard noise limits”中AHAAH模型2种方法得到的单日允许射击数范围接近,对佩戴护听器装置后的冲击波测量曲线评估的方法是可行的。研究结果可为单兵火箭类武器发射冲击波测试系统优化及改进提供理论基础和实践指导。
