In the pot experiment,seven varieties of halophytes were grown in saline-alkali soil to investigate the responses of microflora and soil enzymes in the rhizosphere.The results showed that compared to the control,the p...In the pot experiment,seven varieties of halophytes were grown in saline-alkali soil to investigate the responses of microflora and soil enzymes in the rhizosphere.The results showed that compared to the control,the population of bacterial colony(84.8%-95.6%),actinomycetes colony(12.0%-14.5%)and fungi colony(0.5%-1.1%)increased significantly(P<0.05).The population of ammonia bacteria,aerobic cellulose decomposition bacteria in the soil of Vicia sativa L.(201.99%and 395.49%),Medicago sativa(152.43%and 319.90%)and Sesbania cannabina(Retz.)Pori(193.14%and 396.08%)were higher significantly than that of Panicum virgatum L.(49%and 60%),Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench(99%and 210%),Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.(75%and 36%)and Aneurotepidimu chinense(75%and 77%)(P<0.05).However,Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench was evidently higher than Panicum virgatum L.,Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.and Aneurotepidimu chinense(P<0.05)in the soil.The population of ammonia bacteria and aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria was significantly correlated with the five enzymes(P<0.05),which could improve the microenvironment in saline-alkali soil to accelerate the element cycling and promote the sustainable development of agriculture through cultivating Medicago sativa,Vicia sativa L.,Sesbania cannabina(Retz.)Pori and Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench.展开更多
A pot experiment was conducted to research the effect of biochar and wood vinegar on labile phosphorus fractions in saline-alkali soil.There were eight treatments,including CK(0 kg•hm-2 biochar+0 kg•hm-2 wood vinegar)...A pot experiment was conducted to research the effect of biochar and wood vinegar on labile phosphorus fractions in saline-alkali soil.There were eight treatments,including CK(0 kg•hm-2 biochar+0 kg•hm-2 wood vinegar),C1(0.6 t•hm-2 biochar),C2(0.6 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),C3(1.2 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),C4(1.8 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),C5(0.6 t•hm-2 biochar+0.6 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),C6(0.6 t•hm-2 biochar+1.2 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),and C7(0.6 t•hm-2 biochar+1.8 t•hm-2 wood vinegar).The results showed that biochar without wood vinegar and the co-application of biochar and wood vinegar significantly increased soil total phosphorus content.Meanwhile,compared with CK,all of treatments increased resin phosphorus and sodium bicarbonate-extracted inorganic phosphorus(NaHCO3-Pi)contents in saline-alkali soil.Especially,the contents of resin phosphorus and NaHCO3-Pi under C5,C6,and C7 treatments were higher than those of C2,C3,and C4 treatments,respectively,indicating that the increases of labile phosphorus contents under the co-application of biochar and wood vinegar were better than those of the alone application of biochar and wood vinegar.Each treatment increased the proportion of labile phosphorus pool in saline-alkali soil and the proportion of labile phosphorus pool increased with the increase of the amount of wood vinegar.In addition,the application of biochar and wood vinegar increased the 100-grain weight of rice,and C6 treatment had the best effect,increasing the 100-grain weight by 134.35%.Therefore,the application of biochar and wood vinegar in saline-alkali soil could improve the soil phosphorus availability,increase the weight of rice grains,thereby realizing the resource utilization of agricultural waste and the sustainable development of agriculture.展开更多
煤矿复垦区在施工过程中受机械碾压和扰动影响,土壤原有结构和剖面层次遭到破坏,重构土壤生产力难以恢复至原状土壤水平,常出现植被恢复初期良好而后期退化的问题。大孔隙是土壤水分和空气流通的重要通道,对土壤的物理、化学和生物过程...煤矿复垦区在施工过程中受机械碾压和扰动影响,土壤原有结构和剖面层次遭到破坏,重构土壤生产力难以恢复至原状土壤水平,常出现植被恢复初期良好而后期退化的问题。大孔隙是土壤水分和空气流通的重要通道,对土壤的物理、化学和生物过程具有显著影响。通过定性与定量相结合的方法分析复垦区不同重构层次基质大孔隙特征,有助于识别重构土壤关键层,优化复垦工艺设计。本研究采用工业CT扫描技术,对潘一矿不同重构层次土壤样品进行三维成像,以原状土壤为对照,结合VG Studio Max软件开展数字图像定量分析。研究结果表明:不同重构层中大孔隙的主要分布范围较为一致,但在?>10 mm的孔径范围内,覆土和煤矸石层的孔隙贡献率分别达90.83%和97.80%,显著高于原状土和泥矸混合土。覆土层在植被根系和外界环境作用下形成孔隙-裂隙网络,入渗条件改善,但比表面积降低使得持水与固土效应受限。泥矸混合土层孔隙结构分布均匀、比表面积适中,具备良好的蓄水能力,是复垦剖面中的典型蓄水功能层;煤矸石层因含有大量碎块物质,孔隙集中分布,连通性强但比表面积较小,整体蓄水性能较差。建议煤矸石充填前应充分破碎,提高孔隙结构均匀性;在表层优先种植浅根型草本植物增强稳固性,并避开汛期开展种植作业,降低水蚀风险。研究成果可为煤矸石复垦区土壤结构优化与施工工艺改进提供技术支撑。展开更多
基金Supported by Funding(Topic CXZ003)of Key Research and Development Plan of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2019BBF02001,2018BBF23008)。
文摘In the pot experiment,seven varieties of halophytes were grown in saline-alkali soil to investigate the responses of microflora and soil enzymes in the rhizosphere.The results showed that compared to the control,the population of bacterial colony(84.8%-95.6%),actinomycetes colony(12.0%-14.5%)and fungi colony(0.5%-1.1%)increased significantly(P<0.05).The population of ammonia bacteria,aerobic cellulose decomposition bacteria in the soil of Vicia sativa L.(201.99%and 395.49%),Medicago sativa(152.43%and 319.90%)and Sesbania cannabina(Retz.)Pori(193.14%and 396.08%)were higher significantly than that of Panicum virgatum L.(49%and 60%),Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench(99%and 210%),Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.(75%and 36%)and Aneurotepidimu chinense(75%and 77%)(P<0.05).However,Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench was evidently higher than Panicum virgatum L.,Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.and Aneurotepidimu chinense(P<0.05)in the soil.The population of ammonia bacteria and aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria was significantly correlated with the five enzymes(P<0.05),which could improve the microenvironment in saline-alkali soil to accelerate the element cycling and promote the sustainable development of agriculture through cultivating Medicago sativa,Vicia sativa L.,Sesbania cannabina(Retz.)Pori and Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench.
基金Supported by Funding from Harbin Science and Technology Bureau(2017RAXXJ023)。
文摘A pot experiment was conducted to research the effect of biochar and wood vinegar on labile phosphorus fractions in saline-alkali soil.There were eight treatments,including CK(0 kg•hm-2 biochar+0 kg•hm-2 wood vinegar),C1(0.6 t•hm-2 biochar),C2(0.6 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),C3(1.2 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),C4(1.8 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),C5(0.6 t•hm-2 biochar+0.6 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),C6(0.6 t•hm-2 biochar+1.2 t•hm-2 wood vinegar),and C7(0.6 t•hm-2 biochar+1.8 t•hm-2 wood vinegar).The results showed that biochar without wood vinegar and the co-application of biochar and wood vinegar significantly increased soil total phosphorus content.Meanwhile,compared with CK,all of treatments increased resin phosphorus and sodium bicarbonate-extracted inorganic phosphorus(NaHCO3-Pi)contents in saline-alkali soil.Especially,the contents of resin phosphorus and NaHCO3-Pi under C5,C6,and C7 treatments were higher than those of C2,C3,and C4 treatments,respectively,indicating that the increases of labile phosphorus contents under the co-application of biochar and wood vinegar were better than those of the alone application of biochar and wood vinegar.Each treatment increased the proportion of labile phosphorus pool in saline-alkali soil and the proportion of labile phosphorus pool increased with the increase of the amount of wood vinegar.In addition,the application of biochar and wood vinegar increased the 100-grain weight of rice,and C6 treatment had the best effect,increasing the 100-grain weight by 134.35%.Therefore,the application of biochar and wood vinegar in saline-alkali soil could improve the soil phosphorus availability,increase the weight of rice grains,thereby realizing the resource utilization of agricultural waste and the sustainable development of agriculture.
文摘煤矿复垦区在施工过程中受机械碾压和扰动影响,土壤原有结构和剖面层次遭到破坏,重构土壤生产力难以恢复至原状土壤水平,常出现植被恢复初期良好而后期退化的问题。大孔隙是土壤水分和空气流通的重要通道,对土壤的物理、化学和生物过程具有显著影响。通过定性与定量相结合的方法分析复垦区不同重构层次基质大孔隙特征,有助于识别重构土壤关键层,优化复垦工艺设计。本研究采用工业CT扫描技术,对潘一矿不同重构层次土壤样品进行三维成像,以原状土壤为对照,结合VG Studio Max软件开展数字图像定量分析。研究结果表明:不同重构层中大孔隙的主要分布范围较为一致,但在?>10 mm的孔径范围内,覆土和煤矸石层的孔隙贡献率分别达90.83%和97.80%,显著高于原状土和泥矸混合土。覆土层在植被根系和外界环境作用下形成孔隙-裂隙网络,入渗条件改善,但比表面积降低使得持水与固土效应受限。泥矸混合土层孔隙结构分布均匀、比表面积适中,具备良好的蓄水能力,是复垦剖面中的典型蓄水功能层;煤矸石层因含有大量碎块物质,孔隙集中分布,连通性强但比表面积较小,整体蓄水性能较差。建议煤矸石充填前应充分破碎,提高孔隙结构均匀性;在表层优先种植浅根型草本植物增强稳固性,并避开汛期开展种植作业,降低水蚀风险。研究成果可为煤矸石复垦区土壤结构优化与施工工艺改进提供技术支撑。
