Magnetospheric physics has been one of the most active areas in Chinese space research in past two years. The major project "Energy Transport Processes in the Solar-Terrestrial System" (1993-1997) sponsored ...Magnetospheric physics has been one of the most active areas in Chinese space research in past two years. The major project "Energy Transport Processes in the Solar-Terrestrial System" (1993-1997) sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation in China (NSFC) has been successfully completed. Prestudies relevant to the key scientific engineering program "Meridian Chain at One Hundred Twenty Degree East Multi-Station and Multi-Instrument Observatory System" have started. A new key project "Study of Auroral Magnetospheric and Ionospheric Physics" (1997-1999) sponsored by the NSFC has begun. The Space Active Experiment Program has been carrying on further.Collaborations between Chinese and international magnetospheric physicists have proceeded forward. More than 40 papers covering a variety of subjects in the magnetospheric physics were published in Chinese and international academic journals. Most of these works were supported by the NSFC. This report provides a brief summary of aforementioned advances made in China in the past two years.展开更多
This is a concise review of physics of the substorm in the magnetotail.It consists of two parts. The first part summarizes historical developments in the early days of the space age(1960-1975)when the basic concepts s...This is a concise review of physics of the substorm in the magnetotail.It consists of two parts. The first part summarizes historical developments in the early days of the space age(1960-1975)when the basic concepts such as magnetotail and reconnection were established and the leading model of the substorm was introduced.The second part is an overview of the research conducted in recent years(1995-2010)when very significant advances have been achieved in understanding the substorm physics by virtue of several major satellites missions that addressed the magnetotail physics intensively.展开更多
In this paper is given short description of the magnetogram inversion technique,MIT2,and of methods of calculation of some parameters of space weather.Are given also examples of new results,obtained using the MIT2 and...In this paper is given short description of the magnetogram inversion technique,MIT2,and of methods of calculation of some parameters of space weather.Are given also examples of new results,obtained using the MIT2 and solar wind data.展开更多
In the past two years,many progresses are made in magnetospheric physics by using either the data of Double Star Program,Cluster and THEMIS missions,or by computer simulations. This paper briefly reviews these works b...In the past two years,many progresses are made in magnetospheric physics by using either the data of Double Star Program,Cluster and THEMIS missions,or by computer simulations. This paper briefly reviews these works based on papers selected from the 80 publications from April 2010 to April 2011.The subjects covered various sub-branches of magnetospheric physics,including geomagnetic storm,magnetospheric substorm,etc.展开更多
Both theory and simulation have played important roles in defining and illuminating the key mechanisms involved in substorms.Basic theories of magnetic reconnection and of interchange and ballooning instabilities were...Both theory and simulation have played important roles in defining and illuminating the key mechanisms involved in substorms.Basic theories of magnetic reconnection and of interchange and ballooning instabilities were developed more than 50 years ago,and these plasma physical concepts have been central in discussions of substorm physics.A vast amount of research on reconnection,including both theoretical and computational studies,has helped provide a picture of how reconnection operates in the collisionless environment of the magnetosphere.Still,however,we do not fully understand how key microscale processes and large-scale dynamics work together to determine the location and rate of reconnection.While in the last twenty years,it has become clear that interchange processes are important for transporting plasma through the plasma sheet in the form of bursty bulk flows and substorm expansions,we still have not reached the point where simulations are able to realistically and defensibly represent all of the important aspects of the phenomenon.More than two decades ago it was suggested that the ballooning instability,the basic theory for which dates from the 1950s,may play an important role in substorms.Now the majority of experts agree that regions of the plasma sheet are often linearly unstable to ideal-MHD ballooning.However,it is also clear that kinetic effects introduce important modifications to the MHD stability criterion.It is still uncertain whether ballooning plays a leading role in substorms or has just a minor part.Among the different types of simulations that have been applied to the substorm problem,global MHD codes are unique in that,in a sense, they represent the entire global substorm phenomenon,including coupling to the solar wind and ionosphere, and the important mechanisms of reconnection,interchange,and ballooning.However,they have not yet progressed to the point where they can accurately represent the whole phenomenon,because grid-resolution problems limit the accuracy with which they can solve the equations of ideal MHD and the couphng to the ionosphere,and they cannot accurately represent small-scale processes that violate ideal MHD.展开更多
In the past two years,many progresses were made in magnetospheric physics by the data of OMNI,SuperMAG networks,Double Star Program,Cluster,THEMIS,RBSP,DMSP,DEMETER,NOAA,Van Allen Probes,GOES,Geotail,Swarm,MMS,BeiDa,F...In the past two years,many progresses were made in magnetospheric physics by the data of OMNI,SuperMAG networks,Double Star Program,Cluster,THEMIS,RBSP,DMSP,DEMETER,NOAA,Van Allen Probes,GOES,Geotail,Swarm,MMS,BeiDa,Fengyun,ARTEMIS,MESSENGER,Juno,Chinese Mars ROVER,MAVEN,Tianwen-1,Venus Express,Lunar Prospector e.g.,or by computer simulations.This paper briefly reviews these works based on 356 papers published from January 2020 to December 2021.The subjects covered various sub-branches of Magnetospheric Physics,including solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere interaction,inner magnetosphere,outer magnetosphere,magnetic reconnection,planetary magnetosphere.展开更多
文摘Magnetospheric physics has been one of the most active areas in Chinese space research in past two years. The major project "Energy Transport Processes in the Solar-Terrestrial System" (1993-1997) sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation in China (NSFC) has been successfully completed. Prestudies relevant to the key scientific engineering program "Meridian Chain at One Hundred Twenty Degree East Multi-Station and Multi-Instrument Observatory System" have started. A new key project "Study of Auroral Magnetospheric and Ionospheric Physics" (1997-1999) sponsored by the NSFC has begun. The Space Active Experiment Program has been carrying on further.Collaborations between Chinese and international magnetospheric physicists have proceeded forward. More than 40 papers covering a variety of subjects in the magnetospheric physics were published in Chinese and international academic journals. Most of these works were supported by the NSFC. This report provides a brief summary of aforementioned advances made in China in the past two years.
文摘This is a concise review of physics of the substorm in the magnetotail.It consists of two parts. The first part summarizes historical developments in the early days of the space age(1960-1975)when the basic concepts such as magnetotail and reconnection were established and the leading model of the substorm was introduced.The second part is an overview of the research conducted in recent years(1995-2010)when very significant advances have been achieved in understanding the substorm physics by virtue of several major satellites missions that addressed the magnetotail physics intensively.
基金Supported by RFBR(No.02-05-64519)RFBR-DFG(No.02-05-04002)+1 种基金INTAS(No.01-0142)the China-Russia Joint Research Center on Space WeatherChinese Academy of Sciences
文摘In this paper is given short description of the magnetogram inversion technique,MIT2,and of methods of calculation of some parameters of space weather.Are given also examples of new results,obtained using the MIT2 and solar wind data.
文摘In the past two years,many progresses are made in magnetospheric physics by using either the data of Double Star Program,Cluster and THEMIS missions,or by computer simulations. This paper briefly reviews these works based on papers selected from the 80 publications from April 2010 to April 2011.The subjects covered various sub-branches of magnetospheric physics,including geomagnetic storm,magnetospheric substorm,etc.
基金supported by the NASA Heliospheric Theory Program under grant NNX08AI55G
文摘Both theory and simulation have played important roles in defining and illuminating the key mechanisms involved in substorms.Basic theories of magnetic reconnection and of interchange and ballooning instabilities were developed more than 50 years ago,and these plasma physical concepts have been central in discussions of substorm physics.A vast amount of research on reconnection,including both theoretical and computational studies,has helped provide a picture of how reconnection operates in the collisionless environment of the magnetosphere.Still,however,we do not fully understand how key microscale processes and large-scale dynamics work together to determine the location and rate of reconnection.While in the last twenty years,it has become clear that interchange processes are important for transporting plasma through the plasma sheet in the form of bursty bulk flows and substorm expansions,we still have not reached the point where simulations are able to realistically and defensibly represent all of the important aspects of the phenomenon.More than two decades ago it was suggested that the ballooning instability,the basic theory for which dates from the 1950s,may play an important role in substorms.Now the majority of experts agree that regions of the plasma sheet are often linearly unstable to ideal-MHD ballooning.However,it is also clear that kinetic effects introduce important modifications to the MHD stability criterion.It is still uncertain whether ballooning plays a leading role in substorms or has just a minor part.Among the different types of simulations that have been applied to the substorm problem,global MHD codes are unique in that,in a sense, they represent the entire global substorm phenomenon,including coupling to the solar wind and ionosphere, and the important mechanisms of reconnection,interchange,and ballooning.However,they have not yet progressed to the point where they can accurately represent the whole phenomenon,because grid-resolution problems limit the accuracy with which they can solve the equations of ideal MHD and the couphng to the ionosphere,and they cannot accurately represent small-scale processes that violate ideal MHD.
文摘In the past two years,many progresses were made in magnetospheric physics by the data of OMNI,SuperMAG networks,Double Star Program,Cluster,THEMIS,RBSP,DMSP,DEMETER,NOAA,Van Allen Probes,GOES,Geotail,Swarm,MMS,BeiDa,Fengyun,ARTEMIS,MESSENGER,Juno,Chinese Mars ROVER,MAVEN,Tianwen-1,Venus Express,Lunar Prospector e.g.,or by computer simulations.This paper briefly reviews these works based on 356 papers published from January 2020 to December 2021.The subjects covered various sub-branches of Magnetospheric Physics,including solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere interaction,inner magnetosphere,outer magnetosphere,magnetic reconnection,planetary magnetosphere.
