Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Q...Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Qing-hai spruce(Picea crassifolia),a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments,we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ^(13)C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains,and analysed the relationship between these tree-ring variables and major climatic factors.Tree-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season,and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the southern.Tree-ring δ^(13)C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth.δ^(13)C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing season.Stomatal conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate did.The response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate warmed.Changes in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of P.crassifolia in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.展开更多
Recently, canopy transpiration （Ec） has been often estimated by xylem sap-flow measurements. However, there is a significant time lag between sap flow measured at the base of the stem and canopy transpiration due to...Recently, canopy transpiration （Ec） has been often estimated by xylem sap-flow measurements. However, there is a significant time lag between sap flow measured at the base of the stem and canopy transpiration due to the capacitive exchange between the transpiration stream and stem water storage. Significant errors will be introduced in canopy conductance （gc） and canopy transpiration estimation if the time lag is neglected. In this study, a cross-correlation analysis was used to quantify the time lag, and the sap flowbased transpiration was measured to pararneterize Jarvistype models of gc and thus to simulate Ec of Populus cathayana using the Penman-Monteith equation. The results indicate that solar radiation （Rs） and vapor pressure deficit （VPD） are not fully coincident with sap flow and have an obvious lag effect; the sap flow lags behind Rs and precedes VPD, and there is a 1-h time shift between Eo and sap flow in the 30-min interval data set. A parameterized Jarvis-type gc model is suitable to predict P. cathayana transpiration and explains more than 80% of the variation observed in go, and the relative error was less than 25%, which shows a preferable simulation effect. The root mean square error （RMSEs） between the predicted and measured Ec were 1.91×10^-3 （with the time lag） and 3.12×10^-3cm h^-1 （without the time lag）. More importantly, Ec simulation precision that incorporates time lag is improved by 6% compared to the results without the time lag, with the mean relative error （MRE） of only 8.32% and the mean absolute error （MAE） of 1.48 × 10^-3 cm h^-1.展开更多
The investigation of the mechanisms of plant adaptation to stressor action is one of the leading directions of current biological studies. To understand the mechanism of salt tolerance of seabuckthom （Hippophae rhamn...The investigation of the mechanisms of plant adaptation to stressor action is one of the leading directions of current biological studies. To understand the mechanism of salt tolerance of seabuckthom （Hippophae rhamnoides L.） and identify its ability to cope with the salinity effect in the saline and extremely cold region of Qinghai, China, a test was conducted with two-year-old seedlings subjected to 0, 200, 400 and 600 mmol·L^-1 NaClsolutions for 30 d. The results show that with an increase in salinity, the biomass of H. rhamnoides seedlings clearly decreased. Leaf water potential （ψw） and relative water content （RWC） were significantly reduced under salinity, with severe water shortages appearing in leaves. At the same time, the total chlorophyll content declined markedly. When salinity increased and stress time prolonged, the net CO2 assimilation rate （A） significantly declined. Intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） declined at first and was then followed by an increase over the stress time. We conclude that H. rhamnoides grown in the extremely cold and saline region of Qinghai has a certain resistance to salt, which can be planted at appropriate salinity levels.展开更多
Qinghai province is located in the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau,and is an underdeveloped province of inland China.Chinese government gives high priority to the improvement of the wellbeing of Qinghai peopl...Qinghai province is located in the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau,and is an underdeveloped province of inland China.Chinese government gives high priority to the improvement of the wellbeing of Qinghai people,and have provided great supports in aspects of policy,funding,and professional resource to the development of health care and medical system in Qinghai.Great progress has been made,and wellness of residents in Qinghai has been significantly improved.This article reviews the strategies and measures from central and provincial government in improving health care of Qinghai province under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.展开更多
Sun Lingling was born in an ordinary rural family in Xinji,Hebei Province in May 1983.She joined the Communist Party of China in December 2005 and has obtained the dual technical titles of engineer and senior technici...Sun Lingling was born in an ordinary rural family in Xinji,Hebei Province in May 1983.She joined the Communist Party of China in December 2005 and has obtained the dual technical titles of engineer and senior technician.In July 2006,Sun Lingling went to Golmud in Qinghai Province and worked as a laboratory technician in Golmud Oil Depot directly after graduation from Chengde Petroleum College of Hebei.She felt unable to breathe the moment she stepped on the godforsaken Gobi desert;her skin and throat were dry,and she could not see anything green within sight.展开更多
Yang Yonglei is a National“May 1st”Labour Medal winner,CNPC skill specialist,and senior welding technician of Golmud Refinery of PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company who enjoys the State Council Special Allowance.Yan...Yang Yonglei is a National“May 1st”Labour Medal winner,CNPC skill specialist,and senior welding technician of Golmud Refinery of PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company who enjoys the State Council Special Allowance.Yang Yonglei began his career in Golmud Refinery of PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company through recruitment in October 1991 and became an electric welder,taking care of the refining and chemical equipment of Qinghai Oilfield.展开更多
It is reported from Qinghai Oilfield Company,CNPC that the output of crude oil in Qinghai Oilfield has hit a threeyear high.Qinghai Oilfield is the highest oil and gas field in the world,and an important oil productio...It is reported from Qinghai Oilfield Company,CNPC that the output of crude oil in Qinghai Oilfield has hit a threeyear high.Qinghai Oilfield is the highest oil and gas field in the world,and an important oil production and gas supply base in Qinghai,Tibet,Gansu and Ningxia.It is an old oilfield that has been explored and developed for 64 years.Affected by the COVID-19 outbreak and the“cold winter”of oil prices in 2020,Qinghai Oilfield has changed its development ideas,adjusted its development scheme and highlighted its profitable development.By optimising capacity deployment,refining development management and promoting three oil recovery tests,capacity construction has been strengthened and become innovation-driven.Focusing on the three principles of“tapping potential in old areas,expanding reserves around old areas and refining the evaluation of new areas”,achievements have been made in development and capacity construction.展开更多
基金supported by Basic Research Operating Expenses of the Central level Non-profit Research Institutes (IDM2022003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (42375054)+2 种基金Regional collaborative innovation project of Xinjiang (2021E01022,2022E01045)Young Meteorological Talent Program of China Meteorological Administration,Tianshan Talent Program of Xinjiang (2022TSYCCX0003)Youth Innovation Team of China Meteorological Administration (CMA2023QN08).
文摘Tree radial growth can have significantly differ-ent responses to climate change depending on the environ-ment.To elucidate the effects of climate on radial growth and stable carbon isotope(δ^(13)C)fractionation of Qing-hai spruce(Picea crassifolia),a widely distributed native conifer in northwestern China in different environments,we developed chronologies for tree-ring widths and δ^(13)C in trees on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains,and analysed the relationship between these tree-ring variables and major climatic factors.Tree-ring widths were strongly influenced by climatic factors early in the growing season,and the radial growth in trees on the northern slopes was more sensitive to climate than in trees on the southern.Tree-ring δ^(13)C was more sensitive to climate than radial growth.δ^(13)C fractionation was mainly influenced by summer temperature and precipitation early in the growing season.Stomatal conductance more strongly limited stable carbon isotope fractionation in tree rings than photosynthetic rate did.The response between tree rings and climate in mountains gradually weakened as climate warmed.Changes in radial growth and stable carbon isotope fractionation of P.crassifolia in response to climate in the Qilian Mountains may be further complicated by continued climate change.
基金supported by the Qinghai province natural science foundation project(2015-ZJ-902)the Qinghai province science and technology plan program(2014-NK-A4-4)
文摘Recently, canopy transpiration （Ec） has been often estimated by xylem sap-flow measurements. However, there is a significant time lag between sap flow measured at the base of the stem and canopy transpiration due to the capacitive exchange between the transpiration stream and stem water storage. Significant errors will be introduced in canopy conductance （gc） and canopy transpiration estimation if the time lag is neglected. In this study, a cross-correlation analysis was used to quantify the time lag, and the sap flowbased transpiration was measured to pararneterize Jarvistype models of gc and thus to simulate Ec of Populus cathayana using the Penman-Monteith equation. The results indicate that solar radiation （Rs） and vapor pressure deficit （VPD） are not fully coincident with sap flow and have an obvious lag effect; the sap flow lags behind Rs and precedes VPD, and there is a 1-h time shift between Eo and sap flow in the 30-min interval data set. A parameterized Jarvis-type gc model is suitable to predict P. cathayana transpiration and explains more than 80% of the variation observed in go, and the relative error was less than 25%, which shows a preferable simulation effect. The root mean square error （RMSEs） between the predicted and measured Ec were 1.91×10^-3 （with the time lag） and 3.12×10^-3cm h^-1 （without the time lag）. More importantly, Ec simulation precision that incorporates time lag is improved by 6% compared to the results without the time lag, with the mean relative error （MRE） of only 8.32% and the mean absolute error （MAE） of 1.48 × 10^-3 cm h^-1.
基金supported by the Doctoral Program Foundation of Institutions of Higher Education of China (20070022028)the 11th Five Scientific & Technological Sustaining Research Program of China (2006BAD03A1203)
文摘The investigation of the mechanisms of plant adaptation to stressor action is one of the leading directions of current biological studies. To understand the mechanism of salt tolerance of seabuckthom （Hippophae rhamnoides L.） and identify its ability to cope with the salinity effect in the saline and extremely cold region of Qinghai, China, a test was conducted with two-year-old seedlings subjected to 0, 200, 400 and 600 mmol·L^-1 NaClsolutions for 30 d. The results show that with an increase in salinity, the biomass of H. rhamnoides seedlings clearly decreased. Leaf water potential （ψw） and relative water content （RWC） were significantly reduced under salinity, with severe water shortages appearing in leaves. At the same time, the total chlorophyll content declined markedly. When salinity increased and stress time prolonged, the net CO2 assimilation rate （A） significantly declined. Intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） declined at first and was then followed by an increase over the stress time. We conclude that H. rhamnoides grown in the extremely cold and saline region of Qinghai has a certain resistance to salt, which can be planted at appropriate salinity levels.
文摘Qinghai province is located in the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau,and is an underdeveloped province of inland China.Chinese government gives high priority to the improvement of the wellbeing of Qinghai people,and have provided great supports in aspects of policy,funding,and professional resource to the development of health care and medical system in Qinghai.Great progress has been made,and wellness of residents in Qinghai has been significantly improved.This article reviews the strategies and measures from central and provincial government in improving health care of Qinghai province under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.
文摘Sun Lingling was born in an ordinary rural family in Xinji,Hebei Province in May 1983.She joined the Communist Party of China in December 2005 and has obtained the dual technical titles of engineer and senior technician.In July 2006,Sun Lingling went to Golmud in Qinghai Province and worked as a laboratory technician in Golmud Oil Depot directly after graduation from Chengde Petroleum College of Hebei.She felt unable to breathe the moment she stepped on the godforsaken Gobi desert;her skin and throat were dry,and she could not see anything green within sight.
文摘Yang Yonglei is a National“May 1st”Labour Medal winner,CNPC skill specialist,and senior welding technician of Golmud Refinery of PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company who enjoys the State Council Special Allowance.Yang Yonglei began his career in Golmud Refinery of PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company through recruitment in October 1991 and became an electric welder,taking care of the refining and chemical equipment of Qinghai Oilfield.
文摘It is reported from Qinghai Oilfield Company,CNPC that the output of crude oil in Qinghai Oilfield has hit a threeyear high.Qinghai Oilfield is the highest oil and gas field in the world,and an important oil production and gas supply base in Qinghai,Tibet,Gansu and Ningxia.It is an old oilfield that has been explored and developed for 64 years.Affected by the COVID-19 outbreak and the“cold winter”of oil prices in 2020,Qinghai Oilfield has changed its development ideas,adjusted its development scheme and highlighted its profitable development.By optimising capacity deployment,refining development management and promoting three oil recovery tests,capacity construction has been strengthened and become innovation-driven.Focusing on the three principles of“tapping potential in old areas,expanding reserves around old areas and refining the evaluation of new areas”,achievements have been made in development and capacity construction.
