为有效防治小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella),减少其造成的经济损失,采用点滴注射法测定了亚致死浓度的溴氰菊酯对小菜蛾生长发育及生殖能力的影响,并检测了溴氰菊酯对小菜蛾的时间毒性效应。结果表明,采用溴氰菊酯亚致死浓度(12 h LC35,即1...为有效防治小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella),减少其造成的经济损失,采用点滴注射法测定了亚致死浓度的溴氰菊酯对小菜蛾生长发育及生殖能力的影响,并检测了溴氰菊酯对小菜蛾的时间毒性效应。结果表明,采用溴氰菊酯亚致死浓度(12 h LC35,即12 h暴露后导致个体死亡率为35%的浓度)处理小菜蛾幼虫后,幼虫存活期及雌、雄成虫寿命均显著下降,羽化率、化蛹率、卵孵化率及单雌日均产卵量显著降低。同时,对小菜蛾在1 d中的4个不同时间点在亚致死浓度12 h LC35条件[授时时间(ZTs):ZT2、ZT8、ZT14、ZT20,对应北京时间分别为6:00、12:00、18:00、24:00]点滴注射溴氰菊酯,发现在亚致死浓度12 h LC35条件下,ZT2处理组小菜蛾幼虫48 h后的死亡率高达65.97%,而ZT20处理组的死亡率为32.07%,并且ZT2组对小菜蛾幼虫期及成虫期的不良影响均显著高于ZT20组。此外,处理组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性先升高后下降,但均高于对照组,谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活性均呈下降趋势,但ZT20处理组的SOD、CAT及GST活性均高于ZT2组。因此建议农业生产中选择早上进行施药,这可能会提高杀虫效率,在评估农药的杀虫效果时时间毒理学应该作为一个重要的考虑因素。该研究为小菜蛾的防治和农药合理施用提供了理论依据和支撑。展开更多
Plutella xylostella,a major pest of cruciferous vegetables worldwide,has developed resistance to diamide insecticides.Thiotraniliprole,a novel synthetic diamide insecticide,exhibits excellent activity against P.xylost...Plutella xylostella,a major pest of cruciferous vegetables worldwide,has developed resistance to diamide insecticides.Thiotraniliprole,a novel synthetic diamide insecticide,exhibits excellent activity against P.xylostella.In the present study,we aimed to confirm the resistance risk,cross-resistance,and mechanisms of resistance to thiotraniliprole in P.xylostella.After 40 consecutive generations of thiotraniliprole selection,we obtained a thiotraniliprole-resistance P.xylostella strain with a 5141.58-fold resistance ratio(RR)to thiotraniliprole.The overall realized heritability(h^(2))value of resistance was estimated as 0.9 using threshold trait analysis,indicating that the risk of developing resistance to thiotraniliprole is high in P.xylostella.The thiotraniliprole-resistant(TR)strain showed noticeable cross-resistance to chlorantraniliprole(RR=44670.05),cyantraniliprole(RR=7038.58),and tetrachlorantraniliprole(RR=1506.01),but no cross-resistance to tolfenpyrad,indoxacarb,diafenthiuron,or abamectin compared with the susceptible(S)strain.The enzyme assay data showed that the activities of glutathione-S transferase(GST),carboxylesterase(CarE),and the content of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase(P450s)were significantly higher in the TR strain than in the S strain.Sequencing of the full-length PxRyR cDNA revealed the gene site I4790K in the TR strain with a 100%frequency.This mutation in PxRyR likely underlies the high-level cross-resistance between thiotraniliprole and three other diamide insecticides.These findings provide valuable information for optimizing resistance management strategies to delay thiotraniliprole resistance development and ensure sustainable control of P.xylostella.展开更多
Plutella xylostella is the main pest of cruciferae plants in the worldwide fields.The volatiles released from host plants serve vital roles in host-finding and oviposition behavior.Electroantennograms were recorded fr...Plutella xylostella is the main pest of cruciferae plants in the worldwide fields.The volatiles released from host plants serve vital roles in host-finding and oviposition behavior.Electroantennograms were recorded from male and female Plutella xylostella to 9 different plant volatiles(cabbage Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata,baby bokchoi Brassica chinensis L.,broccoli Brassica oleracea L.var.botrytis L.,Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis Rupr.,Radish Raphanus sativus L.,towel gourd Luffa Cylindrica Roem.,eggplant Solanum melongena L.,tomato Solanum lycopersicum,pepper Capsicum annuum L.) in healthy/injured status.The statistic analysis show there is a significant difference of EAG relative values between cruciferae and non-cruciferae volatiles.The EAG relative values of injured plant volatiles to both male and female changed a lot during the tests.Multiple-ANOVA analysis represents cross factors(sex,host-plant,plant status) showed a great interactive impacts to the EAG-RV.展开更多
文摘为有效防治小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella),减少其造成的经济损失,采用点滴注射法测定了亚致死浓度的溴氰菊酯对小菜蛾生长发育及生殖能力的影响,并检测了溴氰菊酯对小菜蛾的时间毒性效应。结果表明,采用溴氰菊酯亚致死浓度(12 h LC35,即12 h暴露后导致个体死亡率为35%的浓度)处理小菜蛾幼虫后,幼虫存活期及雌、雄成虫寿命均显著下降,羽化率、化蛹率、卵孵化率及单雌日均产卵量显著降低。同时,对小菜蛾在1 d中的4个不同时间点在亚致死浓度12 h LC35条件[授时时间(ZTs):ZT2、ZT8、ZT14、ZT20,对应北京时间分别为6:00、12:00、18:00、24:00]点滴注射溴氰菊酯,发现在亚致死浓度12 h LC35条件下,ZT2处理组小菜蛾幼虫48 h后的死亡率高达65.97%,而ZT20处理组的死亡率为32.07%,并且ZT2组对小菜蛾幼虫期及成虫期的不良影响均显著高于ZT20组。此外,处理组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性先升高后下降,但均高于对照组,谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活性均呈下降趋势,但ZT20处理组的SOD、CAT及GST活性均高于ZT2组。因此建议农业生产中选择早上进行施药,这可能会提高杀虫效率,在评估农药的杀虫效果时时间毒理学应该作为一个重要的考虑因素。该研究为小菜蛾的防治和农药合理施用提供了理论依据和支撑。
基金Supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Public Welfare Technology Application Research Program(No:LGN21C140001).
文摘Plutella xylostella,a major pest of cruciferous vegetables worldwide,has developed resistance to diamide insecticides.Thiotraniliprole,a novel synthetic diamide insecticide,exhibits excellent activity against P.xylostella.In the present study,we aimed to confirm the resistance risk,cross-resistance,and mechanisms of resistance to thiotraniliprole in P.xylostella.After 40 consecutive generations of thiotraniliprole selection,we obtained a thiotraniliprole-resistance P.xylostella strain with a 5141.58-fold resistance ratio(RR)to thiotraniliprole.The overall realized heritability(h^(2))value of resistance was estimated as 0.9 using threshold trait analysis,indicating that the risk of developing resistance to thiotraniliprole is high in P.xylostella.The thiotraniliprole-resistant(TR)strain showed noticeable cross-resistance to chlorantraniliprole(RR=44670.05),cyantraniliprole(RR=7038.58),and tetrachlorantraniliprole(RR=1506.01),but no cross-resistance to tolfenpyrad,indoxacarb,diafenthiuron,or abamectin compared with the susceptible(S)strain.The enzyme assay data showed that the activities of glutathione-S transferase(GST),carboxylesterase(CarE),and the content of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase(P450s)were significantly higher in the TR strain than in the S strain.Sequencing of the full-length PxRyR cDNA revealed the gene site I4790K in the TR strain with a 100%frequency.This mutation in PxRyR likely underlies the high-level cross-resistance between thiotraniliprole and three other diamide insecticides.These findings provide valuable information for optimizing resistance management strategies to delay thiotraniliprole resistance development and ensure sustainable control of P.xylostella.
基金The Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Important Direction Projects (KSCX2-YW-N-42-04)
文摘Plutella xylostella is the main pest of cruciferae plants in the worldwide fields.The volatiles released from host plants serve vital roles in host-finding and oviposition behavior.Electroantennograms were recorded from male and female Plutella xylostella to 9 different plant volatiles(cabbage Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata,baby bokchoi Brassica chinensis L.,broccoli Brassica oleracea L.var.botrytis L.,Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis Rupr.,Radish Raphanus sativus L.,towel gourd Luffa Cylindrica Roem.,eggplant Solanum melongena L.,tomato Solanum lycopersicum,pepper Capsicum annuum L.) in healthy/injured status.The statistic analysis show there is a significant difference of EAG relative values between cruciferae and non-cruciferae volatiles.The EAG relative values of injured plant volatiles to both male and female changed a lot during the tests.Multiple-ANOVA analysis represents cross factors(sex,host-plant,plant status) showed a great interactive impacts to the EAG-RV.
