Permian system is one of the best developed systems in Sanjiang area. In Yidun\|Zhongdian and in Zhiso\|Muli, The Lower Permian is clastics\|carbonates\|volcanics with interbeds of siliceous sediments, Whereas the Upp...Permian system is one of the best developed systems in Sanjiang area. In Yidun\|Zhongdian and in Zhiso\|Muli, The Lower Permian is clastics\|carbonates\|volcanics with interbeds of siliceous sediments, Whereas the Upper Permian is composed of lower part of basic volcanics and upper part of clastics\|carbonates with a total thickness of 1000～4000 meters .In Zhongzha (Batang)\|Jingping region, It is mainly carbonates of 217～1320 meters thick, But in Jingping proper, there occur about 5000 meters thick basalts of early late Permian . From Batang to Benzinan along the Jinshajiang river , the lower Permian is clastics\|volcanics\|carbonates formation with interbeds of siliceous sediments and spilite formation; Whereas the Upper Permian is clastics with volcanic interbeds; The total thickness being 3700 to 7100 meters. In Jiangda—Mangco (Mangkang), It is clastic\|carbonate\|volcanic formation of 1100 to 2400 meters . In Tuoba (Qamdo)—Haitong (Mankang)—Ximi (Mujiang ), It is mainly clastics\|carbonates formation , the Upper Permian being coal\|bearing clastics sequence and the total thickness being 700～2500 meters ,In Zhado—Zhasuosuo (Mangkang)—Deqing—Qinggu—Qinghong, It is clastic\|carbonate\|volcanic formation, locally with coal\|bearing clastics of Upper Permian and the total thickness of mainly carbonate formation and clastic formation with coal\|bearing clastic formation of Uppermian, is 800 to 2000 meters. In the whole area , the Permian strata were slightly metamorphosed, locally more intensively metamorphosed up to amphibolite facies. The fossils found belong to fusulinids, coral, brachiopods,ammonite,bivalve, gastropods, bryozoa,foraminifera, trilobite, algae ,porifera (sponge), and continental plant . Besides the Gondwana cold\|water type components of brachiopods found in Baoshan, the fossils belong mainly to Cathaysian biota, especially to South China type. In some places such as Mangkang, Guxue (Dewong), to South China type. In some places such as Mangkang, Guxue (Dewong), and Wachang (Muli), the resedimented Late Carboniferous fusulinid fossils can be found in the clastic limestone of Lower Permian, and the Early Permian or even Middle to Late Carboniferous fusulinid fossils found in Upper Permian classic limestone. All these suggest the resedimentation of biolimestone blocks or fragments related to fault\|volcanism .On the section of Tongba (Muli), the permian is continuous graded upwards into the Triassic, with a transitional zone of fossil.展开更多
In the South Yellow Sea Basin,Mesozoic–Paleozoic marine strata are generally well developed with large thickness,and no substantial breakthroughs have been made in hydrocarbon exploration.Through research,it is belie...In the South Yellow Sea Basin,Mesozoic–Paleozoic marine strata are generally well developed with large thickness,and no substantial breakthroughs have been made in hydrocarbon exploration.Through research,it is believed that the Upper Permian–Lower Triassic can be regarded as a long-term base-level cycle.Based on drilling data,characteristics of the lithology–electric property combination cyclicity,and the special lithology,the long-term base-level cycle was divided into five medium-term base-level cycles(MC1–MC5).On this basis,the Permian–Triassic sedimentary systems and their filling model were analyzed in accordance with the change of base-level cycle and transition of sedimentary environment,as well as characteristics of the drilling sedimentary facies and seismic facies.The results show that there were six sedimentary systems(fluvial,delta,tidal flat,open platform,restricted platform,and continental shelf)developed in the Upper Permian–Lower Triassic,the sedimentary systems were distributed such that the water was deep in the northwest and shallow in the southeast,and there were two base-level cycle filling models(a relatively stable tidal flat facies and a rapidly transgressive continental shelf facies to stable platform facies)developed in the Upper Permian–Lower Triassic.These models can provide a basis for evaluation of the Mesozoic–Paleozoic hydrocarbon geology in the South Yellow Sea Basin.展开更多
Based on field observation,core description and well logging analysis,the tectonic-sedimentary framework of the Liangshan and Qixia Formations in the northwestern Sichuan Basin,China is deeply discussed.Two long-term ...Based on field observation,core description and well logging analysis,the tectonic-sedimentary framework of the Liangshan and Qixia Formations in the northwestern Sichuan Basin,China is deeply discussed.Two long-term sequence cycles were identified,denoted as LSC1 and LSC2,respectively.The sequence stratigraphic framework was established,suggesting the Liangshan Formation to be not isochronously deposited.Paleogeomorphy before deposition of LSC1 was reconstructed by the impression method.LSC1 was featured by thin,low-energy shoal deposits in the high topography,and thick inter-shoal sea and open sea deposits in the low topography.Meanwhile,paleogeomorphy before deposition of LSC2 was reconstructed using the residual thickness method,which was demonstrated to have primary high-energy,thick shoal deposits in the high topography,and thin inter-shoal and open sea deposits in the low topography.The results show that differential tectonic subsidence has already taken place during the Qixia Period,and thus the Dongwu Movement should occur earlier than previously expected.Meanwhile,pre-depositional paleogeomorphy has obvious controlling effects on the sequence stratigraphic filling and sedimentary facies distribution.Results of this study were expected to provide practical guidance to fine characterization of the sedimentary evolution process and prediction of high-quality reservoir distribution.展开更多
From the outcrops in the Yaomoshan and Hongyanchi sections, oil shales, deep dark mudstones or black mudstones with better organic richness were found. Through the analysis of the samples in the organic petrology meth...From the outcrops in the Yaomoshan and Hongyanchi sections, oil shales, deep dark mudstones or black mudstones with better organic richness were found. Through the analysis of the samples in the organic petrology method, the microscope features of the sedimentary organic matter were studied. The results indicate that three types of kerogens present in the measured samples. Kerogen type I consists of the laminate algainite, abundant sporinite and only little content of cutinite, which can mainly generate oil. The generation hydrocarbon components of the type II kerogen are dominated by the sporinite, cutinite and little the exinite debris. The type III kerogen is comprised of the sporinite and debris of the exinite with some components of gas generation. Through the analysis of the experiments, the organic kerogen of the Lucaogou formation is mostly comprised of the type I, partially type II, and particularly type III. In Hongyanchi formation, the organic type is mixed by the types II and III. The plot of the （$1＋$2） or TOC value and the content of exinite show two trends. From the evolution of burial and the Permian source rocks in Changji Depression, the Permian formation source rock has ended the generation of hydrocarbon. A significant difference in constituents of the organic macerals among three kerogens in these samples leads to the distinction of the potential hydrocarbon generation. The Lucaogou formation for kerogen type I has better potential hydrocarbon generation. It can reach the oil peak with Ro ratio Of 0.9%. For the kerogen II, the oil peak of the source rocks comes late with the Ro ratio of 1.0% with less quantity of the generation hydrocarbon than the kerogen I. For type III, it can mainly generate gas and reach the gas peak with the Ro ratio of 1.3%. In a word, the Lucaogou formation and Hongyanchi formation source rocks with high organic richness in Permian source rocks have well exploration prospects.展开更多
According to many researchers,it is the dispersed organic matter in the process of catagenesis that enables to generate additional and sometimes significant amounts of hydrocarbons.The heterogeneous composition of the...According to many researchers,it is the dispersed organic matter in the process of catagenesis that enables to generate additional and sometimes significant amounts of hydrocarbons.The heterogeneous composition of the dispersed organic matter of the Permian rocks is characterized by various generation possibilities.In conducting展开更多
Previous studies on the Late Permian shallow-water ostracod faunas in South China have greatly increased our knowledge on the Late Permian ostracods.But the absence of data on contemporary deep-water ostracods makes i...Previous studies on the Late Permian shallow-water ostracod faunas in South China have greatly increased our knowledge on the Late Permian ostracods.But the absence of data on contemporary deep-water ostracods makes it difficult to comprehensively understand the Late Permian ostracods during the largest extinction among the"Big Five"in the Phanerozoic. During the past years,our work has been focused展开更多
During the last five years conodont faunas of 6 Carboniferous-Permian sections of the Eastern and Central Iran have been investigated.Recently fusulinids from these sections(Anarak,Zaladu,Halvan,Tangale -Mokhtar,Kaviz...During the last five years conodont faunas of 6 Carboniferous-Permian sections of the Eastern and Central Iran have been investigated.Recently fusulinids from these sections(Anarak,Zaladu,Halvan,Tangale -Mokhtar,Kaviz and Bage-Vang) were studied by E.Ja.Leven.The provincial Permian scale in the Tethys (Leven,1980) is based on fusulinids.The occurrence of fusulinids and conodonts in the same samples展开更多
An objection has been lodged against the traditional P/C boundary which were still upholded by International Subcommission on Permian Stratigraphy, International Commission on Stratigraphy, IUGS. And the rationality t...An objection has been lodged against the traditional P/C boundary which were still upholded by International Subcommission on Permian Stratigraphy, International Commission on Stratigraphy, IUGS. And the rationality to take the base of the Montiparus Zone as the P/C boundary is comprehensively demonstrated.展开更多
Within the dicynodont genus Turfanodon,there are two recognized species,T.bogdaensis and T.jiufengensis.Both species are known by relatively complete cranial materials,but the mandibles and most postcranial bones have...Within the dicynodont genus Turfanodon,there are two recognized species,T.bogdaensis and T.jiufengensis.Both species are known by relatively complete cranial materials,but the mandibles and most postcranial bones have been described only for T.jiufengensis.This paper reports new dicynodont specimens from Turpan,Xinjiang,referring them to T.bogdaensis.They can clearly be differentiated from T.jiufengensis by the flatter lateral surface of the snout region,a prominent swelling on the lateral dentary shelf,and the rounded femoral head.The diagnosis of Turfanodon is revised.The combination of a flat circumorbital rim,posterior portion of anterior pterygoid rami with converging ventral ridges,and a possible autapomorphy,a deep notch on scapula forming procoracoid foramen,are confirmed.It also differentiated from all dicynodonts other than Myosaurus,Kembawacela and Lystrosaurus by having accessory ridges lateral to the median palatal ridge.展开更多
文摘Permian system is one of the best developed systems in Sanjiang area. In Yidun\|Zhongdian and in Zhiso\|Muli, The Lower Permian is clastics\|carbonates\|volcanics with interbeds of siliceous sediments, Whereas the Upper Permian is composed of lower part of basic volcanics and upper part of clastics\|carbonates with a total thickness of 1000～4000 meters .In Zhongzha (Batang)\|Jingping region, It is mainly carbonates of 217～1320 meters thick, But in Jingping proper, there occur about 5000 meters thick basalts of early late Permian . From Batang to Benzinan along the Jinshajiang river , the lower Permian is clastics\|volcanics\|carbonates formation with interbeds of siliceous sediments and spilite formation; Whereas the Upper Permian is clastics with volcanic interbeds; The total thickness being 3700 to 7100 meters. In Jiangda—Mangco (Mangkang), It is clastic\|carbonate\|volcanic formation of 1100 to 2400 meters . In Tuoba (Qamdo)—Haitong (Mankang)—Ximi (Mujiang ), It is mainly clastics\|carbonates formation , the Upper Permian being coal\|bearing clastics sequence and the total thickness being 700～2500 meters ,In Zhado—Zhasuosuo (Mangkang)—Deqing—Qinggu—Qinghong, It is clastic\|carbonate\|volcanic formation, locally with coal\|bearing clastics of Upper Permian and the total thickness of mainly carbonate formation and clastic formation with coal\|bearing clastic formation of Uppermian, is 800 to 2000 meters. In the whole area , the Permian strata were slightly metamorphosed, locally more intensively metamorphosed up to amphibolite facies. The fossils found belong to fusulinids, coral, brachiopods,ammonite,bivalve, gastropods, bryozoa,foraminifera, trilobite, algae ,porifera (sponge), and continental plant . Besides the Gondwana cold\|water type components of brachiopods found in Baoshan, the fossils belong mainly to Cathaysian biota, especially to South China type. In some places such as Mangkang, Guxue (Dewong), to South China type. In some places such as Mangkang, Guxue (Dewong), and Wachang (Muli), the resedimented Late Carboniferous fusulinid fossils can be found in the clastic limestone of Lower Permian, and the Early Permian or even Middle to Late Carboniferous fusulinid fossils found in Upper Permian classic limestone. All these suggest the resedimentation of biolimestone blocks or fragments related to fault\|volcanism .On the section of Tongba (Muli), the permian is continuous graded upwards into the Triassic, with a transitional zone of fossil.
基金Projects(41506080,41702162)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(DD20160152,DD20160147,GZH200800503)supported by China Geological Survey+1 种基金Projects(XQ-2005-01,2009GYXQ10)supported by China Ministry of Land and ResourcesProject(201602004)supported by the Postdoctoral Innovation Foundation of Shandong Province,China
文摘In the South Yellow Sea Basin,Mesozoic–Paleozoic marine strata are generally well developed with large thickness,and no substantial breakthroughs have been made in hydrocarbon exploration.Through research,it is believed that the Upper Permian–Lower Triassic can be regarded as a long-term base-level cycle.Based on drilling data,characteristics of the lithology–electric property combination cyclicity,and the special lithology,the long-term base-level cycle was divided into five medium-term base-level cycles(MC1–MC5).On this basis,the Permian–Triassic sedimentary systems and their filling model were analyzed in accordance with the change of base-level cycle and transition of sedimentary environment,as well as characteristics of the drilling sedimentary facies and seismic facies.The results show that there were six sedimentary systems(fluvial,delta,tidal flat,open platform,restricted platform,and continental shelf)developed in the Upper Permian–Lower Triassic,the sedimentary systems were distributed such that the water was deep in the northwest and shallow in the southeast,and there were two base-level cycle filling models(a relatively stable tidal flat facies and a rapidly transgressive continental shelf facies to stable platform facies)developed in the Upper Permian–Lower Triassic.These models can provide a basis for evaluation of the Mesozoic–Paleozoic hydrocarbon geology in the South Yellow Sea Basin.
基金Project(41802147)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016ZX05007-004)supported by the National Major Science and Technology Projects of China。
文摘Based on field observation,core description and well logging analysis,the tectonic-sedimentary framework of the Liangshan and Qixia Formations in the northwestern Sichuan Basin,China is deeply discussed.Two long-term sequence cycles were identified,denoted as LSC1 and LSC2,respectively.The sequence stratigraphic framework was established,suggesting the Liangshan Formation to be not isochronously deposited.Paleogeomorphy before deposition of LSC1 was reconstructed by the impression method.LSC1 was featured by thin,low-energy shoal deposits in the high topography,and thick inter-shoal sea and open sea deposits in the low topography.Meanwhile,paleogeomorphy before deposition of LSC2 was reconstructed using the residual thickness method,which was demonstrated to have primary high-energy,thick shoal deposits in the high topography,and thin inter-shoal and open sea deposits in the low topography.The results show that differential tectonic subsidence has already taken place during the Qixia Period,and thus the Dongwu Movement should occur earlier than previously expected.Meanwhile,pre-depositional paleogeomorphy has obvious controlling effects on the sequence stratigraphic filling and sedimentary facies distribution.Results of this study were expected to provide practical guidance to fine characterization of the sedimentary evolution process and prediction of high-quality reservoir distribution.
基金Project(2011ZX05002-006)supported by the National Science and Technology Project,China
文摘From the outcrops in the Yaomoshan and Hongyanchi sections, oil shales, deep dark mudstones or black mudstones with better organic richness were found. Through the analysis of the samples in the organic petrology method, the microscope features of the sedimentary organic matter were studied. The results indicate that three types of kerogens present in the measured samples. Kerogen type I consists of the laminate algainite, abundant sporinite and only little content of cutinite, which can mainly generate oil. The generation hydrocarbon components of the type II kerogen are dominated by the sporinite, cutinite and little the exinite debris. The type III kerogen is comprised of the sporinite and debris of the exinite with some components of gas generation. Through the analysis of the experiments, the organic kerogen of the Lucaogou formation is mostly comprised of the type I, partially type II, and particularly type III. In Hongyanchi formation, the organic type is mixed by the types II and III. The plot of the （$1＋$2） or TOC value and the content of exinite show two trends. From the evolution of burial and the Permian source rocks in Changji Depression, the Permian formation source rock has ended the generation of hydrocarbon. A significant difference in constituents of the organic macerals among three kerogens in these samples leads to the distinction of the potential hydrocarbon generation. The Lucaogou formation for kerogen type I has better potential hydrocarbon generation. It can reach the oil peak with Ro ratio Of 0.9%. For the kerogen II, the oil peak of the source rocks comes late with the Ro ratio of 1.0% with less quantity of the generation hydrocarbon than the kerogen I. For type III, it can mainly generate gas and reach the gas peak with the Ro ratio of 1.3%. In a word, the Lucaogou formation and Hongyanchi formation source rocks with high organic richness in Permian source rocks have well exploration prospects.
文摘According to many researchers,it is the dispersed organic matter in the process of catagenesis that enables to generate additional and sometimes significant amounts of hydrocarbons.The heterogeneous composition of the dispersed organic matter of the Permian rocks is characterized by various generation possibilities.In conducting
文摘Previous studies on the Late Permian shallow-water ostracod faunas in South China have greatly increased our knowledge on the Late Permian ostracods.But the absence of data on contemporary deep-water ostracods makes it difficult to comprehensively understand the Late Permian ostracods during the largest extinction among the"Big Five"in the Phanerozoic. During the past years,our work has been focused
文摘During the last five years conodont faunas of 6 Carboniferous-Permian sections of the Eastern and Central Iran have been investigated.Recently fusulinids from these sections(Anarak,Zaladu,Halvan,Tangale -Mokhtar,Kaviz and Bage-Vang) were studied by E.Ja.Leven.The provincial Permian scale in the Tethys (Leven,1980) is based on fusulinids.The occurrence of fusulinids and conodonts in the same samples
文摘An objection has been lodged against the traditional P/C boundary which were still upholded by International Subcommission on Permian Stratigraphy, International Commission on Stratigraphy, IUGS. And the rationality to take the base of the Montiparus Zone as the P/C boundary is comprehensively demonstrated.
文摘Within the dicynodont genus Turfanodon,there are two recognized species,T.bogdaensis and T.jiufengensis.Both species are known by relatively complete cranial materials,but the mandibles and most postcranial bones have been described only for T.jiufengensis.This paper reports new dicynodont specimens from Turpan,Xinjiang,referring them to T.bogdaensis.They can clearly be differentiated from T.jiufengensis by the flatter lateral surface of the snout region,a prominent swelling on the lateral dentary shelf,and the rounded femoral head.The diagnosis of Turfanodon is revised.The combination of a flat circumorbital rim,posterior portion of anterior pterygoid rami with converging ventral ridges,and a possible autapomorphy,a deep notch on scapula forming procoracoid foramen,are confirmed.It also differentiated from all dicynodonts other than Myosaurus,Kembawacela and Lystrosaurus by having accessory ridges lateral to the median palatal ridge.
