This article studies a class of nonlinear Kirchhoff equations with exponential critical growth,trapping potential,and perturbation.Under appropriate assumptions about f and h,the article obtained the existence of norm...This article studies a class of nonlinear Kirchhoff equations with exponential critical growth,trapping potential,and perturbation.Under appropriate assumptions about f and h,the article obtained the existence of normalized positive solutions for this equation via the Trudinger-Moser inequality and variational methods.Moreover,these solutions are also ground state solutions.Additionally,the article also characterized the asymptotic behavior of solutions.The results of this article expand the research of relevant literature.展开更多
Detonation performance is crucial for evaluating the power of high explosives(HEs),and the equation of state(EOS)that accurately describes the high-temperature,high-pressure,and high-temperature,medium-pressure states...Detonation performance is crucial for evaluating the power of high explosives(HEs),and the equation of state(EOS)that accurately describes the high-temperature,high-pressure,and high-temperature,medium-pressure states of detonation products is key to assessing the damage efficiency of these energetic materials.This article examines the limitations of the VLW EOS in representing the thermodynamic states of explosive detonation gas products under high-temperature and medium-to high-pressure conditions.A new gas EOS for detonation products,called VHL(Virial-Han-Long),is proposed.The accuracy of VHL in describing gas states under high-temperature and medium-to high-pressure conditions is verified,and its performance in evaluating explosive detonation and working capabilities is explored.The results demonstrate that VHL exhibits high precision in calculating detonation performance.Subsequently,the detonation performance of three new HEs(ICM-101,ONC,and TNAZ)was calculated and compared to traditional HEs(TATB,CL-20,and HMX).The results indicate that ONC has superior detonation performance compared to the other explosives,while ICM-101 shows a detonation velocity similar to CL-20 but with slightly lower detonation pressure.The detonation characteristics of TNAZ are comparable to those of the standard HE HMX.From the perspective of products,considering the comprehensive work performance(mechanical work and detonation heat),both ONC and ICM-101demonstrate relatively superior performance.展开更多
For target tracking and localization in bearing-only sensor network,it is an essential and significant challenge to solve the problem of plug-and-play expansion while stably enhancing the accuracy of state estimation....For target tracking and localization in bearing-only sensor network,it is an essential and significant challenge to solve the problem of plug-and-play expansion while stably enhancing the accuracy of state estimation.This paper pro-poses a distributed state estimation method based on two-layer factor graph.Firstly,the measurement model of the bearing-only sensor network is constructed,and by investigating the observ-ability and the Cramer-Rao lower bound of the system model,the preconditions are analyzed.Subsequently,the location fac-tor graph and cubature information filtering algorithm of sensor node pairs are proposed for localized estimation.Building upon this foundation,the mechanism for propagating confidence mes-sages within the fusion factor graph is designed,and is extended to the entire sensor network to achieve global state estimation.Finally,groups of simulation experiments are con-ducted to compare and analyze the results,which verifies the rationality,effectiveness,and superiority of the proposed method.展开更多
Gypsum rocks are highly susceptible to mechanical deterioration under the coupled effects of wet-dry(W-D)cycles and flow rates,which significantly influence the stability of underground excavations.Despite extensive r...Gypsum rocks are highly susceptible to mechanical deterioration under the coupled effects of wet-dry(W-D)cycles and flow rates,which significantly influence the stability of underground excavations.Despite extensive research on the effects of W-D cycles,the coupling influence of flow rates and W-D cycles on gypsum rocks remains poorly understood.This study investigates the mechanical behavior and deterioration mechanisms of gypsum rocks subjected to varying W-D cycles and flow rate conditions.Axial compression tests,along with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)techniques,were employed to analyze the stress-strain response and microstructural changes.Based on the disturbed state concept(DSC)theory,a W-D deterioration model and a DSC-based constitutive model were developed to describe the degradation trends and mechanical responses of gypsum rocks under different conditions.The results demonstrate that key mechanical indices,elastic modulus,cohesion,uniaxial compressive strength(UCS),and internal friction angle,exhibit logarithmic declines with increasing W-D cycles,with higher flow rates accelerating the deterioration process.The theoretical models accurately capture the nonlinear compaction behavior,peak stress,and post-peak response of gypsum specimens.This study provides valuable insights for predicting the mechanical behavior of gypsum rocks and improving the stability assessments of underground structures under complex environmental conditions.展开更多
For air-to-air missiles, the terminal guidance’s preci-sion is directly contingent upon the tracking capabilities of the roll-pitch seeker. This paper presents a combined non-singular fast terminal sliding mode contr...For air-to-air missiles, the terminal guidance’s preci-sion is directly contingent upon the tracking capabilities of the roll-pitch seeker. This paper presents a combined non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control method, aimed at resolving the frame control problem of roll-pitch seeker tracking high maneu-vering target. The sliding mode surface is structured around the principle of segmentation, which enables the control system’s rapid attainment of the zero point and ensure global fast conver-gence. The system’s state is more swiftly converged to the slid-ing mode surface through an improved adaptive fast dual power reaching law. Utilizing an extended state observer, the overall disturbance is both identified and compensated. The validation of the system’s stability and its convergence within a finite-time is grounded in Lyapunov’s stability criteria. The performance of the introduced control method is confirmed through roll-pitch seeker tracking control simulation. Data analysis reveals that newly proposed control technique significantly outperforms existing sliding mode control methods by rapidly converging the frame to the target angle, reduce the tracking error of the detec-tor for the target, and bolster tracking precision of the roll-pitch seeker huring disturbed conditions.展开更多
The long-term storage of phosphate tailings will occupy a large amount of land,pollute soil and groundwater,thus,it is crucial to achieve the harmless disposal of phosphate tailings.In this study,high-performance geop...The long-term storage of phosphate tailings will occupy a large amount of land,pollute soil and groundwater,thus,it is crucial to achieve the harmless disposal of phosphate tailings.In this study,high-performance geopolymers with compressive strength of 38.8 MPa were prepared by using phosphate tailings as the main raw material,fly ash as the active silicon-aluminum material,and water glass as the alkaline activator.The solid content of phosphate tailings and fly ash was 60%and 40%,respectively,and the water-cement ratio was 0.22.The results of XRD,FTIR,SEM-EDS and XPS show that the reactivity of phosphate tailings with alkaline activator is weak,and the silicon-aluminum material can react with alkaline activator to form zeolite and gel,and encapsulate/cover the phosphate tailings to form a dense phosphate tailings-based geopolymer.During the formation of geopolymers,part of the aluminum-oxygen tetrahedron replaced the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron,causing the polycondensation reaction between geopolymers and increasing the strength of geopolymers.The leaching toxicity test results show that the geopolymer has a good solid sealing effect on heavy metal ions.The preparation of geopolymer from phosphate tailings is an important way to alleviate the storage pressure and realize the resource utilization of phosphate tailings.展开更多
The high entropy alloys(HEAs)are the newly developed high-performance materials that have gained significant importance in defence,nuclear and aerospace sector due to their superior mechanical properties,heat resistan...The high entropy alloys(HEAs)are the newly developed high-performance materials that have gained significant importance in defence,nuclear and aerospace sector due to their superior mechanical properties,heat resistance,high temperature strength and corrosion resistance.These alloys are manufactured by the equal mixing or larger proportions of five or more alloying elements.HEAs exhibit superior mechanical performance compared to traditional engineering alloys because of the extensive alloying composition and higher entropy of mixing.Solid state welding(SSW)techniques such as friction stir welding(FSW),rotary friction welding(RFW),diffusion bonding(DB)and explosive welding(EW)have been efficiently deployed for improving the microstructural integrity and mechanical properties of welded HEA joints.The HEA interlayers revealed greater potential in supressing the formation of deleterious intermetallic phases and maximizing the mechanical properties of HEAs joints.The similar and dissimilar joining of HEAs has been manifested to be viable for HEA systems which further expands their industrial applications.Thus,the main objective of this review paper is to present a critical review of current state of research,challenges and opportunities and main directions in SSW of HEAs mainly CoCrFeNiMn and Al_xCoCrFeNi alloys.The state of the art of problems,progress and future outlook in SSW of HEAs are critically reviewed by considering the formation of phases,microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of HEAs joints.展开更多
Adopting the classical theory of hydrocodes,the constitutive relations of concretes are separated into an equation of state(EoS)which describes the volumetric behavior of concrete material and a strength model which d...Adopting the classical theory of hydrocodes,the constitutive relations of concretes are separated into an equation of state(EoS)which describes the volumetric behavior of concrete material and a strength model which depicts the shear properties of concrete.The experiments on the EoS of concrete is always challenging due to the technical difficulties and equipment limitations,especially for the specimen size effect on the EoS.Although some researchers investigate the shock properties of concretes by fly-plate impact tests,the specimens used in their tests are usually in one size.In this paper,the fly-plate impact tests on concrete specimens with different sizes are performed to investigate the size effect on the shock properties of concrete materials.The mechanical background of the size effect on the shock properties are revealed,which is related to the lateral rarefaction effect and the deviatoric stress produced in the specimen.According to the tests results,the modified EoS considering the size effect on the shock properties of concrete are proposed,which the bulk modulus of concrete is unpredicted by up to 20% if size effects are not accounted for.展开更多
Extracting more information and saving quantum resources are two main aims for quantum measurements.However,the optimization of strategies for these two objectives varies when discriminating between quantum states |ψ...Extracting more information and saving quantum resources are two main aims for quantum measurements.However,the optimization of strategies for these two objectives varies when discriminating between quantum states |ψ_(0)> and |ψ_(1)> through multiple measurements.In this study,we introduce a novel state discrimination model that reveals the intricate relationship between the average error rate and average copy consumption.By integrating these two crucial metrics and minimizing their weighted sum for any given weight value,our research underscores the infeasibility of simultaneously minimizing these metrics through local measurements with one-way communication.Our findings present a compelling trade-off curve,highlighting the advantages of achieving a balance between error rate and copy consumption in quantum discrimination tasks,offering valuable insights into the optimization of quantum resources while ensuring the accuracy of quantum state discrimination.展开更多
As an important mechanism in multi-agent interaction,communication can make agents form complex team relationships rather than constitute a simple set of multiple independent agents.However,the existing communication ...As an important mechanism in multi-agent interaction,communication can make agents form complex team relationships rather than constitute a simple set of multiple independent agents.However,the existing communication schemes can bring much timing redundancy and irrelevant messages,which seriously affects their practical application.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a targeted multiagent communication algorithm based on state control(SCTC).The SCTC uses a gating mechanism based on state control to reduce the timing redundancy of communication between agents and determines the interaction relationship between agents and the importance weight of a communication message through a series connection of hard-and self-attention mechanisms,realizing targeted communication message processing.In addition,by minimizing the difference between the fusion message generated from a real communication message of each agent and a fusion message generated from the buffered message,the correctness of the final action choice of the agent is ensured.Our evaluation using a challenging set of Star Craft II benchmarks indicates that the SCTC can significantly improve the learning performance and reduce the communication overhead between agents,thus ensuring better cooperation between agents.展开更多
In this paper,a bandwidth-adjustable extended state observer(ABESO)is proposed for the systems with measurement noise.It is known that increasing the bandwidth of the observer improves the tracking speed but tolerates...In this paper,a bandwidth-adjustable extended state observer(ABESO)is proposed for the systems with measurement noise.It is known that increasing the bandwidth of the observer improves the tracking speed but tolerates noise,which conflicts with observation accuracy.Therefore,we introduce a bandwidth scaling factor such that ABESO is formulated to a 2-degree-of-freedom system.The observer gain is determined and the bandwidth scaling factor adjusts the bandwidth according to the tracking error.When the tracking error decreases,the bandwidth decreases to suppress the noise,otherwise the bandwidth does not change.It is proven that the error dynamics are bounded and converge in finite time.The relationship between the upper bound of the estimation error and the scaling factor is given.When the scaling factor is less than 1,the ABESO has higher estimation accuracy than the linear extended state observer(LESO).Simulations of an uncertain nonlinear system with compound disturbances show that the proposed ABESO can successfully estimate the total disturbance in noisy environments.The mean error of total disturbance of ABESO is 15.28% lower than that of LESO.展开更多
To investigate the real-time mean orbital elements(MOEs)estimation problem under the influence of state jumping caused by non-fatal spacecraft collision or protective orbit trans-fer,a modified augmented square-root u...To investigate the real-time mean orbital elements(MOEs)estimation problem under the influence of state jumping caused by non-fatal spacecraft collision or protective orbit trans-fer,a modified augmented square-root unscented Kalman filter(MASUKF)is proposed.The MASUKF is composed of sigma points calculation,time update,modified state jumping detec-tion,and measurement update.Compared with the filters used in the existing literature on MOEs estimation,it has three main characteristics.Firstly,the state vector is augmented from six to nine by the added thrust acceleration terms,which makes the fil-ter additionally give the state-jumping-thrust-acceleration esti-mation.Secondly,the normalized innovation is used for state jumping detection to set detection threshold concisely and make the filter detect various state jumping with low latency.Thirdly,when sate jumping is detected,the covariance matrix inflation will be done,and then an extra time update process will be con-ducted at this time instance before measurement update.In this way,the relatively large estimation error at the detection moment can significantly decrease.Finally,typical simulations are per-formed to illustrated the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
An LD directly-pumped solid-state laser is considered to be one of the most promising mid-infrared light sources because of its simple principle,small size,and compact structure for the generation of mid-infrared(MIR)...An LD directly-pumped solid-state laser is considered to be one of the most promising mid-infrared light sources because of its simple principle,small size,and compact structure for the generation of mid-infrared(MIR)lasers in the 3-5µm band.However,the quantum defect of LD directly-pumped MIR solid-state lasers will be much larger than that of ordinary near-infrared LD pumped solid-state lasers,which may lead to thermal damage and limit their development.In order to solve this problem,the methods of reducing the specific surface area of the crystal and improving the thermal energy released by the crystal structure are discussed,and the opti⁃mal length of the laser crystal is determined.The cooling structures of barium yttrium fluoride laser crystals(Ho^(3+):BY_(2)F_(8))of different lengths were studied by thermal simulation using COMSOL software.The experimen⁃tal results show that the output power can be increased and the thermal stress in the laser crystal can be alleviated by using the laser crystal whose length is slightly shorter than that of the cooler.The final experiment shows that when the pump repetition rate is 15 Hz and the pulse width is 90µs,the single pulse energy is 7.28 mJ at the out⁃put wavelength of 3.9µm,which is about 3 times as large as that of the crystal with the length of 10 mm(2.81 mJ).Such results should be another breakthrough of our team since the first directly-pumped solid-state MIR laser was realized more than a year ago.It might pave the way for the construction of a feasible MIR laser in the near future.展开更多
Traditional track dynamic geometric state(TDGS)simulation incurs substantial computational burdens,posing challenges for developing reliability assessment approach that accounts for TDGS.To overcome these,firstly,a si...Traditional track dynamic geometric state(TDGS)simulation incurs substantial computational burdens,posing challenges for developing reliability assessment approach that accounts for TDGS.To overcome these,firstly,a simulation-based TDGS model is established,and a surrogate-based model,grid search algorithm-particle swarm optimization-genetic algorithm-multi-output least squares support vector regression,is established.Among them,hyperparameter optimization algorithm’s effectiveness is confirmed through test functions.Subsequently,an adaptive surrogate-based probability density evolution method(PDEM)considering random track geometry irregularity(TGI)is developed.Finally,taking curved train-steel spring floating slab track-U beam as case study,the surrogate-based model trained on simulation datasets not only shows accuracy in both time and frequency domains,but also surpasses existing models.Additionally,the adaptive surrogate-based PDEM shows high accuracy and efficiency,outperforming Monte Carlo simulation and simulation-based PDEM.The reliability assessment shows that the TDGS part peak management indexes,left/right vertical dynamic irregularity,right alignment dynamic irregularity,and track twist,have reliability values of 0.9648,0.9918,0.9978,and 0.9901,respectively.The TDGS mean management index,i.e.,track quality index,has reliability value of 0.9950.These findings show that the proposed framework can accurately and efficiently assess the reliability of curved low-stiffness track-viaducts,providing a theoretical basis for the TGI maintenance.展开更多
固态变压器(solid state transformer,SST)在新型电力系统中的应用逐渐增加,因其复杂的拓扑结构、节点数多、子模块内开关频率高等特点,使得面向SST的电磁暂态仿真计算效率低,目前针对SST大步长仿真方法的研究较少。为此,提出一种基于...固态变压器(solid state transformer,SST)在新型电力系统中的应用逐渐增加,因其复杂的拓扑结构、节点数多、子模块内开关频率高等特点,使得面向SST的电磁暂态仿真计算效率低,目前针对SST大步长仿真方法的研究较少。为此,提出一种基于离散状态空间小步合成的SST大步长仿真方法。首先,建立小步长建模、小步长仿真的离散状态空间模型;然后,根据离散状态空间方程的特点,采用小步迭代合成法构建离散状态空间大步长仿真模型,从而实现小步长建模、大步长仿真;最后,给出大步长仿真模型的二次等效方法,减少系统整体建模的系数矩阵维度,降低计算复杂度。结果表明,所提方法不仅能减少数值积分误差和电力电子开关动作误差,实现100 k Hz开关频率下SST换流系统的精确仿真,还能显著提升SST的仿真效率。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11671403,11671236)Henan Provincial General Natural Science Foundation Project(232300420113)。
文摘This article studies a class of nonlinear Kirchhoff equations with exponential critical growth,trapping potential,and perturbation.Under appropriate assumptions about f and h,the article obtained the existence of normalized positive solutions for this equation via the Trudinger-Moser inequality and variational methods.Moreover,these solutions are also ground state solutions.Additionally,the article also characterized the asymptotic behavior of solutions.The results of this article expand the research of relevant literature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Gant Nos.11372291 and 11902298)。
文摘Detonation performance is crucial for evaluating the power of high explosives(HEs),and the equation of state(EOS)that accurately describes the high-temperature,high-pressure,and high-temperature,medium-pressure states of detonation products is key to assessing the damage efficiency of these energetic materials.This article examines the limitations of the VLW EOS in representing the thermodynamic states of explosive detonation gas products under high-temperature and medium-to high-pressure conditions.A new gas EOS for detonation products,called VHL(Virial-Han-Long),is proposed.The accuracy of VHL in describing gas states under high-temperature and medium-to high-pressure conditions is verified,and its performance in evaluating explosive detonation and working capabilities is explored.The results demonstrate that VHL exhibits high precision in calculating detonation performance.Subsequently,the detonation performance of three new HEs(ICM-101,ONC,and TNAZ)was calculated and compared to traditional HEs(TATB,CL-20,and HMX).The results indicate that ONC has superior detonation performance compared to the other explosives,while ICM-101 shows a detonation velocity similar to CL-20 but with slightly lower detonation pressure.The detonation characteristics of TNAZ are comparable to those of the standard HE HMX.From the perspective of products,considering the comprehensive work performance(mechanical work and detonation heat),both ONC and ICM-101demonstrate relatively superior performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62176214).
文摘For target tracking and localization in bearing-only sensor network,it is an essential and significant challenge to solve the problem of plug-and-play expansion while stably enhancing the accuracy of state estimation.This paper pro-poses a distributed state estimation method based on two-layer factor graph.Firstly,the measurement model of the bearing-only sensor network is constructed,and by investigating the observ-ability and the Cramer-Rao lower bound of the system model,the preconditions are analyzed.Subsequently,the location fac-tor graph and cubature information filtering algorithm of sensor node pairs are proposed for localized estimation.Building upon this foundation,the mechanism for propagating confidence mes-sages within the fusion factor graph is designed,and is extended to the entire sensor network to achieve global state estimation.Finally,groups of simulation experiments are con-ducted to compare and analyze the results,which verifies the rationality,effectiveness,and superiority of the proposed method.
基金Projects(52378392,52478390)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2024J08213)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China+1 种基金Project(00387088)supported by the“Foal Eagle Program”Youth Top-notch Talent Project of Fujian Province,ChinaProject(GY-Z23072)supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Fujian University of Technology,China。
文摘Gypsum rocks are highly susceptible to mechanical deterioration under the coupled effects of wet-dry(W-D)cycles and flow rates,which significantly influence the stability of underground excavations.Despite extensive research on the effects of W-D cycles,the coupling influence of flow rates and W-D cycles on gypsum rocks remains poorly understood.This study investigates the mechanical behavior and deterioration mechanisms of gypsum rocks subjected to varying W-D cycles and flow rate conditions.Axial compression tests,along with nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)techniques,were employed to analyze the stress-strain response and microstructural changes.Based on the disturbed state concept(DSC)theory,a W-D deterioration model and a DSC-based constitutive model were developed to describe the degradation trends and mechanical responses of gypsum rocks under different conditions.The results demonstrate that key mechanical indices,elastic modulus,cohesion,uniaxial compressive strength(UCS),and internal friction angle,exhibit logarithmic declines with increasing W-D cycles,with higher flow rates accelerating the deterioration process.The theoretical models accurately capture the nonlinear compaction behavior,peak stress,and post-peak response of gypsum specimens.This study provides valuable insights for predicting the mechanical behavior of gypsum rocks and improving the stability assessments of underground structures under complex environmental conditions.
文摘For air-to-air missiles, the terminal guidance’s preci-sion is directly contingent upon the tracking capabilities of the roll-pitch seeker. This paper presents a combined non-singular fast terminal sliding mode control method, aimed at resolving the frame control problem of roll-pitch seeker tracking high maneu-vering target. The sliding mode surface is structured around the principle of segmentation, which enables the control system’s rapid attainment of the zero point and ensure global fast conver-gence. The system’s state is more swiftly converged to the slid-ing mode surface through an improved adaptive fast dual power reaching law. Utilizing an extended state observer, the overall disturbance is both identified and compensated. The validation of the system’s stability and its convergence within a finite-time is grounded in Lyapunov’s stability criteria. The performance of the introduced control method is confirmed through roll-pitch seeker tracking control simulation. Data analysis reveals that newly proposed control technique significantly outperforms existing sliding mode control methods by rapidly converging the frame to the target angle, reduce the tracking error of the detec-tor for the target, and bolster tracking precision of the roll-pitch seeker huring disturbed conditions.
基金Project(202202AG050010)supported by the Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects,ChinaProject(202103AA080007)supported by the Key R&D Project of Science and Technology Department of Yunnan Province,ChinaProject(NECP2023-06)supported by the Open Project Fund of National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Development&Utilization of Phosphorous Resources,China。
文摘The long-term storage of phosphate tailings will occupy a large amount of land,pollute soil and groundwater,thus,it is crucial to achieve the harmless disposal of phosphate tailings.In this study,high-performance geopolymers with compressive strength of 38.8 MPa were prepared by using phosphate tailings as the main raw material,fly ash as the active silicon-aluminum material,and water glass as the alkaline activator.The solid content of phosphate tailings and fly ash was 60%and 40%,respectively,and the water-cement ratio was 0.22.The results of XRD,FTIR,SEM-EDS and XPS show that the reactivity of phosphate tailings with alkaline activator is weak,and the silicon-aluminum material can react with alkaline activator to form zeolite and gel,and encapsulate/cover the phosphate tailings to form a dense phosphate tailings-based geopolymer.During the formation of geopolymers,part of the aluminum-oxygen tetrahedron replaced the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron,causing the polycondensation reaction between geopolymers and increasing the strength of geopolymers.The leaching toxicity test results show that the geopolymer has a good solid sealing effect on heavy metal ions.The preparation of geopolymer from phosphate tailings is an important way to alleviate the storage pressure and realize the resource utilization of phosphate tailings.
基金financially supported by Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(Grant No.FENU-2023-0013)。
文摘The high entropy alloys(HEAs)are the newly developed high-performance materials that have gained significant importance in defence,nuclear and aerospace sector due to their superior mechanical properties,heat resistance,high temperature strength and corrosion resistance.These alloys are manufactured by the equal mixing or larger proportions of five or more alloying elements.HEAs exhibit superior mechanical performance compared to traditional engineering alloys because of the extensive alloying composition and higher entropy of mixing.Solid state welding(SSW)techniques such as friction stir welding(FSW),rotary friction welding(RFW),diffusion bonding(DB)and explosive welding(EW)have been efficiently deployed for improving the microstructural integrity and mechanical properties of welded HEA joints.The HEA interlayers revealed greater potential in supressing the formation of deleterious intermetallic phases and maximizing the mechanical properties of HEAs joints.The similar and dissimilar joining of HEAs has been manifested to be viable for HEA systems which further expands their industrial applications.Thus,the main objective of this review paper is to present a critical review of current state of research,challenges and opportunities and main directions in SSW of HEAs mainly CoCrFeNiMn and Al_xCoCrFeNi alloys.The state of the art of problems,progress and future outlook in SSW of HEAs are critically reviewed by considering the formation of phases,microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of HEAs joints.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Nos.51938011 and 51908405]Australian Research Council。
文摘Adopting the classical theory of hydrocodes,the constitutive relations of concretes are separated into an equation of state(EoS)which describes the volumetric behavior of concrete material and a strength model which depicts the shear properties of concrete.The experiments on the EoS of concrete is always challenging due to the technical difficulties and equipment limitations,especially for the specimen size effect on the EoS.Although some researchers investigate the shock properties of concretes by fly-plate impact tests,the specimens used in their tests are usually in one size.In this paper,the fly-plate impact tests on concrete specimens with different sizes are performed to investigate the size effect on the shock properties of concrete materials.The mechanical background of the size effect on the shock properties are revealed,which is related to the lateral rarefaction effect and the deviatoric stress produced in the specimen.According to the tests results,the modified EoS considering the size effect on the shock properties of concrete are proposed,which the bulk modulus of concrete is unpredicted by up to 20% if size effects are not accounted for.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2470000035)USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(YD2030002007,YD2030002011)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62222512,12104439,12134014,and 11974335)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2208085J03).
文摘Extracting more information and saving quantum resources are two main aims for quantum measurements.However,the optimization of strategies for these two objectives varies when discriminating between quantum states |ψ_(0)> and |ψ_(1)> through multiple measurements.In this study,we introduce a novel state discrimination model that reveals the intricate relationship between the average error rate and average copy consumption.By integrating these two crucial metrics and minimizing their weighted sum for any given weight value,our research underscores the infeasibility of simultaneously minimizing these metrics through local measurements with one-way communication.Our findings present a compelling trade-off curve,highlighting the advantages of achieving a balance between error rate and copy consumption in quantum discrimination tasks,offering valuable insights into the optimization of quantum resources while ensuring the accuracy of quantum state discrimination.
文摘As an important mechanism in multi-agent interaction,communication can make agents form complex team relationships rather than constitute a simple set of multiple independent agents.However,the existing communication schemes can bring much timing redundancy and irrelevant messages,which seriously affects their practical application.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a targeted multiagent communication algorithm based on state control(SCTC).The SCTC uses a gating mechanism based on state control to reduce the timing redundancy of communication between agents and determines the interaction relationship between agents and the importance weight of a communication message through a series connection of hard-and self-attention mechanisms,realizing targeted communication message processing.In addition,by minimizing the difference between the fusion message generated from a real communication message of each agent and a fusion message generated from the buffered message,the correctness of the final action choice of the agent is ensured.Our evaluation using a challenging set of Star Craft II benchmarks indicates that the SCTC can significantly improve the learning performance and reduce the communication overhead between agents,thus ensuring better cooperation between agents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61873126)。
文摘In this paper,a bandwidth-adjustable extended state observer(ABESO)is proposed for the systems with measurement noise.It is known that increasing the bandwidth of the observer improves the tracking speed but tolerates noise,which conflicts with observation accuracy.Therefore,we introduce a bandwidth scaling factor such that ABESO is formulated to a 2-degree-of-freedom system.The observer gain is determined and the bandwidth scaling factor adjusts the bandwidth according to the tracking error.When the tracking error decreases,the bandwidth decreases to suppress the noise,otherwise the bandwidth does not change.It is proven that the error dynamics are bounded and converge in finite time.The relationship between the upper bound of the estimation error and the scaling factor is given.When the scaling factor is less than 1,the ABESO has higher estimation accuracy than the linear extended state observer(LESO).Simulations of an uncertain nonlinear system with compound disturbances show that the proposed ABESO can successfully estimate the total disturbance in noisy environments.The mean error of total disturbance of ABESO is 15.28% lower than that of LESO.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(12372045)Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology Program(SAST2021-030).
文摘To investigate the real-time mean orbital elements(MOEs)estimation problem under the influence of state jumping caused by non-fatal spacecraft collision or protective orbit trans-fer,a modified augmented square-root unscented Kalman filter(MASUKF)is proposed.The MASUKF is composed of sigma points calculation,time update,modified state jumping detec-tion,and measurement update.Compared with the filters used in the existing literature on MOEs estimation,it has three main characteristics.Firstly,the state vector is augmented from six to nine by the added thrust acceleration terms,which makes the fil-ter additionally give the state-jumping-thrust-acceleration esti-mation.Secondly,the normalized innovation is used for state jumping detection to set detection threshold concisely and make the filter detect various state jumping with low latency.Thirdly,when sate jumping is detected,the covariance matrix inflation will be done,and then an extra time update process will be con-ducted at this time instance before measurement update.In this way,the relatively large estimation error at the detection moment can significantly decrease.Finally,typical simulations are per-formed to illustrated the effectiveness of the method.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0718803)。
文摘An LD directly-pumped solid-state laser is considered to be one of the most promising mid-infrared light sources because of its simple principle,small size,and compact structure for the generation of mid-infrared(MIR)lasers in the 3-5µm band.However,the quantum defect of LD directly-pumped MIR solid-state lasers will be much larger than that of ordinary near-infrared LD pumped solid-state lasers,which may lead to thermal damage and limit their development.In order to solve this problem,the methods of reducing the specific surface area of the crystal and improving the thermal energy released by the crystal structure are discussed,and the opti⁃mal length of the laser crystal is determined.The cooling structures of barium yttrium fluoride laser crystals(Ho^(3+):BY_(2)F_(8))of different lengths were studied by thermal simulation using COMSOL software.The experimen⁃tal results show that the output power can be increased and the thermal stress in the laser crystal can be alleviated by using the laser crystal whose length is slightly shorter than that of the cooler.The final experiment shows that when the pump repetition rate is 15 Hz and the pulse width is 90µs,the single pulse energy is 7.28 mJ at the out⁃put wavelength of 3.9µm,which is about 3 times as large as that of the crystal with the length of 10 mm(2.81 mJ).Such results should be another breakthrough of our team since the first directly-pumped solid-state MIR laser was realized more than a year ago.It might pave the way for the construction of a feasible MIR laser in the near future.
基金Project(52072412)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Traditional track dynamic geometric state(TDGS)simulation incurs substantial computational burdens,posing challenges for developing reliability assessment approach that accounts for TDGS.To overcome these,firstly,a simulation-based TDGS model is established,and a surrogate-based model,grid search algorithm-particle swarm optimization-genetic algorithm-multi-output least squares support vector regression,is established.Among them,hyperparameter optimization algorithm’s effectiveness is confirmed through test functions.Subsequently,an adaptive surrogate-based probability density evolution method(PDEM)considering random track geometry irregularity(TGI)is developed.Finally,taking curved train-steel spring floating slab track-U beam as case study,the surrogate-based model trained on simulation datasets not only shows accuracy in both time and frequency domains,but also surpasses existing models.Additionally,the adaptive surrogate-based PDEM shows high accuracy and efficiency,outperforming Monte Carlo simulation and simulation-based PDEM.The reliability assessment shows that the TDGS part peak management indexes,left/right vertical dynamic irregularity,right alignment dynamic irregularity,and track twist,have reliability values of 0.9648,0.9918,0.9978,and 0.9901,respectively.The TDGS mean management index,i.e.,track quality index,has reliability value of 0.9950.These findings show that the proposed framework can accurately and efficiently assess the reliability of curved low-stiffness track-viaducts,providing a theoretical basis for the TGI maintenance.
文摘固态变压器(solid state transformer,SST)在新型电力系统中的应用逐渐增加,因其复杂的拓扑结构、节点数多、子模块内开关频率高等特点,使得面向SST的电磁暂态仿真计算效率低,目前针对SST大步长仿真方法的研究较少。为此,提出一种基于离散状态空间小步合成的SST大步长仿真方法。首先,建立小步长建模、小步长仿真的离散状态空间模型;然后,根据离散状态空间方程的特点,采用小步迭代合成法构建离散状态空间大步长仿真模型,从而实现小步长建模、大步长仿真;最后,给出大步长仿真模型的二次等效方法,减少系统整体建模的系数矩阵维度,降低计算复杂度。结果表明,所提方法不仅能减少数值积分误差和电力电子开关动作误差,实现100 k Hz开关频率下SST换流系统的精确仿真,还能显著提升SST的仿真效率。
