A scheme for general purposed FDTD visual scientific computing software is introduced in this paper using object-oriented design (OOD) method. By abstracting the parameters of FDTD grids to an individual class and sep...A scheme for general purposed FDTD visual scientific computing software is introduced in this paper using object-oriented design (OOD) method. By abstracting the parameters of FDTD grids to an individual class and separating from the iteration procedure, the visual software can be adapted to more comprehensive computing problems. Real-time gray degree graphic and wave curve of the results can be achieved using DirectX technique. The special difference equation and data structure in dispersive medium are considered, and the peculiarity of parameters in perfectly matched layer are also discussed.展开更多
The serious competition environment of global marke t requests the enterprise to change traditional product development strategy and a dopt new theory in order to meet diverse customer needs while maintaining near m a...The serious competition environment of global marke t requests the enterprise to change traditional product development strategy and a dopt new theory in order to meet diverse customer needs while maintaining near m ass production efficiency, which is the main philosophy of mass customization. P roduct family design is research focus at present and also is the core technolog y of DFMC (design for mass customization). Firstly, this paper explores the fund amental issues of product family, such as concepts of modularity, commonality/di versity, product platform and product family architecture etc. We compare the te rminology between product family and object-oriented approach in the next step. Thirdly, this paper puts forwards one product family design methodology based o n product platform and under different phase of product life cycle constrains, f or example, functional, assembly and service etc. At the end section of this pap er, we applied, the object-oriented approach in above mentioned product family design methodology to realize the design process. In one word, this paper propos ed one product family design methodology based on object oriented approach and p roduct life cycle consideration, especially the conjointness of characteristic o f OOA and concepts of product family. The main property of OOA are encapsulation , inherence and polymorphism. Encapsulation can represent the module or building blocks of product family. Inherence can be extended to describe the modularity and commonality, and also be used to construct variant space. Alternative specif ic of product family architecture can be embodied with polymorphism. And fin aly, we give the future work contents. In order to derive the product platform a nd achieve modularity and commonality/diversity, interface management between bu ilding block is necessary. The question is how the OOA can be applied in interfa ce management to get our aim OOA is the basis of many information management sy stem, then the question is how to build one system to manage the information of product family and support mass customization The third question is how to deve lop one computer aided tool to facilitate the application of OOA for product fam ily design, even be used to category of design for mass customization.展开更多
As the mining industry continues to expand and international oil prices increase,more rigorous demands are being placed on the design of mining equipment.Given this,there is an urgent need to develop new power-driven ...As the mining industry continues to expand and international oil prices increase,more rigorous demands are being placed on the design of mining equipment.Given this,there is an urgent need to develop new power-driven mining equipment to solve the problems of high energy consumption and insufficient power coupling of current equipment.This study proposed a design of a hybrid power system for underground Load Haul Dump(LHD).The proposed design integrated Quality Function Deployment(QFD)and Theory of Inventive Problem Solving(TRIZ).It identified 7 user requirements and 10 related technical features,formulated 11 innovative design solutions,and ultimately adopting an electric drive hybrid power scheme.This scheme effectively addressesd power transmission coupling problems and improve the efficiency of loaders.A 6 m³hybrid power loader prototype has been developed,which reduces operational energy consumption and advances the electrification and green,low-carbon evolution of mining equipment.展开更多
The work takes a new liquid-cooling plate in a power battery with pin fins inside the channel as the object.A mathematical model is established via the central composite design of the response surface to study the rel...The work takes a new liquid-cooling plate in a power battery with pin fins inside the channel as the object.A mathematical model is established via the central composite design of the response surface to study the relationships among the length,width,height,and spacing of pin fins;the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery module;and the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate.Model accuracy is verified via variance analysis.The new liquid-cooling plate enables the power battery to work within an optimal temperature range.Appropriately increasing the length,width,and height and reducing the spacing of pin fins could reduce the temperature of the power battery module and improve the temperature uniformity.However,the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate increases.The structural parameters of the pin fins are optimized to minimize the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the battery module as well as the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate.The errors between the values predicted and actual by the simulation test are 0.58%,4%,and 0.48%,respectively,which further verifies the model accuracy.The results reveal the influence of the structural parameters of the pin fins inside the liquid-cooling plate on its heat dissipation performance and pressure drop characteristics.A theoretical basis is provided for the design of liquid-cooling plates in power batteries and the optimization of structural parameters.展开更多
In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-p...In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-propeller is studied by analyzing the complex force situation during ship navigation and building a MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform based on multi-environmental resistance,propeller efficiency,main engine power,fuel consumption,fuel consumption rate and EEOI calculation module.Considering the environmental factors of wind,wave and ice,the route is divided into sections,the calculation of main engine power,main engine fuel consumption and EEOI for each section is completed,and the speed design is optimized based on the simulation model for each section.Under the requirements of the voyage plan,the optimization results show that the energy efficiency operation index of the whole route is reduced by 3.114%and the fuel consumption is reduced by 9.17 t.展开更多
In the tropical regions represented by Hainan,there are abundant solar and thermal resources,and it is relatively suitable for the construction of photovoltaic greenhouse(PVG).However,the construction of PVG still rel...In the tropical regions represented by Hainan,there are abundant solar and thermal resources,and it is relatively suitable for the construction of photovoltaic greenhouse(PVG).However,the construction of PVG still relies mainly on experience and is incapable of quantifying the balance between the photovoltaic(PV)generation and the light requirements for agricultural production.As a result,actual PVGs are primarily PV-based,without carefully considering the needs of agricultural daylighting.To quantify the influence of the design parameters of PVGs and the layout of PV panels on the internal daylighting of serrated PVGs,and to optimize the daylighting design of the roof,this paper utilizes the Design Builder software to establish gradient models for a multi-span serrated-type PVG in tropical regions.Gradient models were established in terms of aspects,namely span,width of longitudinal/transverse daylighting strip,height,roof angle,and photovoltaic panel coverage rate(PCR).Daylighting in the greenhouse of each gradient model was simulated,and with the annual average daily light integral(A_(DLI))and distribution uniformity(DU)as evaluation indicators,the influence of various design parameters on the daylighting inside the greenhouse was quantified.The result reveals that:(1)PCR is the decisive indicator for daylighting in the PVG,and a function between PCR and the A_(DLI) is derived as A_(DLI)=-15.5 PCR+16.841;(2)Increasing the width of longitudinal daylighting strip significantly improves the A_(DLI) and enhances DU while increasing the span has a noticeable effect on improving A_(DLI) but does not significantly enhance DU;(3)Increasing the eave height without changing PCR does not enhance A_(DLI) but effectively improves DU;increasing the transverse daylighting strip and adjusting the roof angle hardly improves A_(DLI).In summary,it is recommended that the optimal span for PVGs in tropical regions be set within the range of 6.5-8.0m,and the eave height be set within the range of 2.5-3.5m.Preferably,the longitudinal daylighting strip with a width ranging from 0.5-0.8m should be installed.Based on the above relationship function,the PCR can be calculated according to the appropriate light demand for the cultivated crops.The daylighting design theory proposed in this paper can provide a theoretical basis and reference for the healthy development of the PV industry in tropical regions.展开更多
In this paper,we present a novel unimodular sequence design algorithm based on the coordinate descent(CD)algorithm,aimed at countering electronic surveillance(ES)systems based on cyclostationary analysis.Our algorithm...In this paper,we present a novel unimodular sequence design algorithm based on the coordinate descent(CD)algorithm,aimed at countering electronic surveillance(ES)systems based on cyclostationary analysis.Our algorithm not only provides resistance against cyclostationary analysis(CSA)but also maintains low integrated sidelobe(ISL)characteristics.Initially,we derive the expression of the cyclostationary feature(CSF)detector and simplify it into an iterative quadratic form.Additionally,we derive a quadratic form to ensure the similarity of the autocorrelation sidelobes.To balance the minimization of the detection probability and the ISL values,we introduce a Pareto scalar that transforms the multiobjective optimization problem into a convex combination of objective functions.This approach allows us to find an optimal trade-off between the two objectives.Finally,we propose a monotonic algorithm based on the CD algorithm to counter CSA analysis.This algorithm efficiently solves the optimization problem mentioned earlier.Numerical experiments are conducted to validate the correctness and effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.展开更多
Low sidelobe waveform can reduce mutual masking between targets and increase the detection probability of weak targets.A low sidelobe waveform design method based on complementary amplitude coding(CAC)is proposed in t...Low sidelobe waveform can reduce mutual masking between targets and increase the detection probability of weak targets.A low sidelobe waveform design method based on complementary amplitude coding(CAC)is proposed in this paper,which can be used to reduce the sidelobe level of multiple waveforms.First,the CAC model is constructed.Then,the waveform design problem is transformed into a nonlinear optimization problem by constructing an objective function using the two indicators of peak-to-sidelobe ratio(PSLR)and integrated sidelobe ratio(ISLR).Finally,genetic algorithm(GA)is used to solve the optimization problem to get the best CAC waveforms.Simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
The surrounding rock is prone to large-scale loosening and failure after the excavation of shallow large-span caverns because of the thin overlying strata and large cross-section span.The rational design of bolt suppo...The surrounding rock is prone to large-scale loosening and failure after the excavation of shallow large-span caverns because of the thin overlying strata and large cross-section span.The rational design of bolt support is very important to the safety control of surrounding rock as a common support means.The control mechanism and design method of bolt support for shallow-buried large-span caverns is carried out.The calculation method of bolt prestress and length based on arched failure and collapsed failure mode is established.The influence mechanism of different influencing factors on the bolt prestress and length is clarified.At the same time,the constant resistance energy-absorbing bolt with high strength and high toughness is developed,and the comparative test of mechanical properties is carried out.On this basis,the design method of high prestressed bolt support for shallow-buried large-span caverns is put forward,and the field test is carried out in Qingdao metro station in China.The monitoring results show that the maximum roof settlement is 6.8 mm after the new design method is adopted,and the effective control of the shallow-buried large-span caverns is realized.The research results can provide theoretical and technical support for the safety control of shallow-buried large-span caverns.展开更多
The paper presents the coupling of artificial intelligence-AI and Object-oriented methodology applied for the construction of the model-based decision support system MBDSS.The MBDSS is designed for support the strate...The paper presents the coupling of artificial intelligence-AI and Object-oriented methodology applied for the construction of the model-based decision support system MBDSS.The MBDSS is designed for support the strategic decision making lead to the achievemellt of optimal path towardsmarket economy from the central planning situation in China. To meet user's various requirements,a series of innovations in software development have been carried out, such as system formalization with OBFRAMEs in an object-oriented paradigm for problem solving automation and techniques of modules intelligent cooperation, hybrid system of reasoning, connectionist framework utilization,etc. Integration technology has been highly emphasized and discussed in this article and an outlook to future software engineering is given in the conclusion section.展开更多
In order to provide relay communication supports for future Chinese lunar exploration program,Queqiao-2 relay communication satellite was developed.Queqiao-2 can perform scientific observations with three kinds of sci...In order to provide relay communication supports for future Chinese lunar exploration program,Queqiao-2 relay communication satellite was developed.Queqiao-2 can perform scientific observations with three kinds of scientific instruments on board.The system design of Queqiao-2,including mission orbit and transfer orbit design,configuration and layout design,housekeeping and information flow design,power supply and distribution design,GNC and propulsion system design,communication links design,etc.,was accomplished through comprehensive tradeoff and evaluation on technical maturity,availability,schedule,cost,and so on.With a view to reducing development risk,both the platform and relay communication payloads were developed based on significant heritage from previous Queqiao relay satellite and other relevant spacecraft.Queqiao-2 features flexible system architecture to support multiple frequencies,modulations,data rates and software reconfigurations to meet new user requirements.Subsequent to a successful launch on March 20,2024,by means of 5 orbit maneuvers,Queqiao-2 was inserted into a highly elliptical frozen mission orbit around the moon with a 24h period on schedule.Following on-orbit tests and calibrations,Queqiao-2 has possessed the capacity to provide reliable relay communication services to multiple lunar exploration missions,as well as the capacity to perform scientific observations.Under the support of Queqiao-2,Chang′e-6 achieved its ambitious mission goal to collect and return samples from the moon′s mysterious far side.In the meanwhile,Queqiao-2 has also paved the way for the following Chinese lunar exploration missions including Chang′e-7 and Chang′e-8.The design life time of Queqiao-2 is more than 8 years.Benefit from flexibility and extensibility of relay communication system design,it is convenient to provide relay communication services for future lunar exploration missions of both China and other countries.In addition,innovative scientific observations would be performed during the period that no relay communication task is arranged.The system design of Queqiao-2 reflects the development philosophy of technical innovations and inheritance integration.Based on highly flexible and extensible system architecture,multiple and concurrent relay communication mission requirements can be met.It can provide strong supports for future lunar exploration missions.Successful launching,orbit entering and on-orbit tests of Queqiao-2 verified the correct design principle and versatility.By means of Queqiao-2,more innovative scientific outcomes are anticipated and lunar exploration activities can be facilitated.展开更多
This paper introduces a multi-granularity locking model (MGL) for concurrency control in object-oriented database system briefiy, and presents a MGL model formally. Four lockingscheduling algorithms for MGL are propos...This paper introduces a multi-granularity locking model (MGL) for concurrency control in object-oriented database system briefiy, and presents a MGL model formally. Four lockingscheduling algorithms for MGL are proposed in the paper. The ideas of single queue scheduling(SQS) and dual queue scheduling (DQS) are proposed and the algorithm and the performance evaluation for these two scheduling are presented in some paper. This paper describes a new idea of thescheduling for MGL, compatible requests first (CRF). Combining the new idea with SQS and DQS,we propose two new scheduling algorithms called CRFS and CRFD. After describing the simulationmodel, this paper illustrates the comparisons of the performance among these four algorithms. Asshown in the experiments, DQS has better performance than SQS, CRFD is better than DQS, CRFSperforms better than SQS, and CRFS is the best one of these four scheduling algorithms.展开更多
In the era of network live broadcasting for everyone,the development of live broadcasting platforms is also more intelligent and diversified.However,in the face of a large group of elderly users,the interface interact...In the era of network live broadcasting for everyone,the development of live broadcasting platforms is also more intelligent and diversified.However,in the face of a large group of elderly users,the interface interaction design mode used is still mainly based on the interaction mode for young groups,and is not designed for elderly users.Therefore,a design method for optimizing the interaction interface of live broadcasting platform for elderly users was proposed in this study.Firstly,the case study method and Delphi expert survey method were used to determine the design needs of elderly users and the design mode was analysed.Secondly,the orthogonal design principle was used to design a test sample of the interactive interface of live broadcasting platform applicable for the elderly users,and then a user evaluation system was established to calculate the weights of the design elements using hierarchical analysis,and then the predictive relationship between the design mode of the interactive interface of live broadcasting platform and the elderly users was established by Quantitative Theory I.Finally,Genetic Algorithm was applied to generate the optimized design scheme.The results showed that the design method based on the Genetic Algorithm and the combination of Quantitative Theory can scientifically and effectively optimize the design of the interactive interface of the live broadcasting platform for the elderly users,and improve the experience of the elderly users.展开更多
The design of mini-missiles(MMs)presents several novel challenges.The stringent mission requirement to reach a target with a certain precision imposes a high guidance precision.The miniaturization of the size of MMs m...The design of mini-missiles(MMs)presents several novel challenges.The stringent mission requirement to reach a target with a certain precision imposes a high guidance precision.The miniaturization of the size of MMs makes the design of the guidance,navigation,and control(GNC)have a larger-thanbefore impact on the main-body design(shape,motor,and layout design)and its design objective,i.e.,flight performance.Pursuing a trade-off between flight performance and guidance precision,all the relevant interactions have to be accounted for in the design of the main body and the GNC system.Herein,a multi-objective and multidisciplinary design optimization(MDO)is proposed.Disciplines pertinent to motor,aerodynamics,layout,trajectory,flight dynamics,control,and guidance are included in the proposed MDO framework.The optimization problem seeks to maximize the range and minimize the guidance error.The problem is solved by using the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II.An optimum design that balances a longer range with a smaller guidance error is obtained.Finally,lessons learned about the design of the MM and insights into the trade-off between flight performance and guidance precision are given by comparing the optimum design to a design provided by the traditional approach.展开更多
Intelligent personal assistants play a pivotal role in in-vehicle systems,significantly enhancing life efficiency,driving safety,and decision-making support.In this study,the multi-modal design elements of intelligent...Intelligent personal assistants play a pivotal role in in-vehicle systems,significantly enhancing life efficiency,driving safety,and decision-making support.In this study,the multi-modal design elements of intelligent personal assistants within the context of visual,auditory,and somatosensory interactions with drivers were discussed.Their impact on the driver’s psychological state through various modes such as visual imagery,voice interaction,and gesture interaction were explored.The study also introduced innovative designs for in-vehicle intelligent personal assistants,incorporating design principles such as driver-centricity,prioritizing passenger safety,and utilizing timely feedback as a criterion.Additionally,the study employed design methods like driver behavior research and driving situation analysis to enhance the emotional connection between drivers and their vehicles,ultimately improving driver satisfaction and trust.展开更多
A philosophy for the design of novel,lightweight,multi-layered armor,referred to as Composite Armor Philosophy(CAP),which can adapt to the passive protection of light-,medium-,and heavy-armored vehicles,is presented i...A philosophy for the design of novel,lightweight,multi-layered armor,referred to as Composite Armor Philosophy(CAP),which can adapt to the passive protection of light-,medium-,and heavy-armored vehicles,is presented in this study.CAP can serve as a guiding principle to assist designers in comprehending the distinct roles fulfilled by each component.The CAP proposal comprises four functional layers,organized in a suggested hierarchy of materials.Particularly notable is the inclusion of a ceramic-composite principle,representing an advanced and innovative solution in the field of armor design.This paper showcases real-world defense industry applications,offering case studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of this advanced approach.CAP represents a significant milestone in the history of passive protection,marking an evolutionary leap in the field.This philosophical approach provides designers with a powerful toolset with which to enhance the protection capabilities of military vehicles,making them more resilient and better equipped to meet the challenges of modern warfare.展开更多
To solve the finite-time error-tracking problem in mis-sile guidance,this paper presents a unified design approach through error dynamics and free-time convergence theory.The proposed approach is initiated by establis...To solve the finite-time error-tracking problem in mis-sile guidance,this paper presents a unified design approach through error dynamics and free-time convergence theory.The proposed approach is initiated by establishing a desired model for free-time convergent error dynamics,characterized by its independence from initial conditions and guidance parameters,and adjustable convergence time.This foundation facilitates the derivation of specific guidance laws that integrate constraints such as leading angle,impact angle,and impact time.The theoretical framework of this study elucidates the nuances and synergies between the proposed guidance laws and existing methodologies.Empirical evaluations through simulation comparisons underscore the enhanced accuracy and adaptability of the proposed laws.展开更多
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 69831020).
文摘A scheme for general purposed FDTD visual scientific computing software is introduced in this paper using object-oriented design (OOD) method. By abstracting the parameters of FDTD grids to an individual class and separating from the iteration procedure, the visual software can be adapted to more comprehensive computing problems. Real-time gray degree graphic and wave curve of the results can be achieved using DirectX technique. The special difference equation and data structure in dispersive medium are considered, and the peculiarity of parameters in perfectly matched layer are also discussed.
文摘The serious competition environment of global marke t requests the enterprise to change traditional product development strategy and a dopt new theory in order to meet diverse customer needs while maintaining near m ass production efficiency, which is the main philosophy of mass customization. P roduct family design is research focus at present and also is the core technolog y of DFMC (design for mass customization). Firstly, this paper explores the fund amental issues of product family, such as concepts of modularity, commonality/di versity, product platform and product family architecture etc. We compare the te rminology between product family and object-oriented approach in the next step. Thirdly, this paper puts forwards one product family design methodology based o n product platform and under different phase of product life cycle constrains, f or example, functional, assembly and service etc. At the end section of this pap er, we applied, the object-oriented approach in above mentioned product family design methodology to realize the design process. In one word, this paper propos ed one product family design methodology based on object oriented approach and p roduct life cycle consideration, especially the conjointness of characteristic o f OOA and concepts of product family. The main property of OOA are encapsulation , inherence and polymorphism. Encapsulation can represent the module or building blocks of product family. Inherence can be extended to describe the modularity and commonality, and also be used to construct variant space. Alternative specif ic of product family architecture can be embodied with polymorphism. And fin aly, we give the future work contents. In order to derive the product platform a nd achieve modularity and commonality/diversity, interface management between bu ilding block is necessary. The question is how the OOA can be applied in interfa ce management to get our aim OOA is the basis of many information management sy stem, then the question is how to build one system to manage the information of product family and support mass customization The third question is how to deve lop one computer aided tool to facilitate the application of OOA for product fam ily design, even be used to category of design for mass customization.
文摘As the mining industry continues to expand and international oil prices increase,more rigorous demands are being placed on the design of mining equipment.Given this,there is an urgent need to develop new power-driven mining equipment to solve the problems of high energy consumption and insufficient power coupling of current equipment.This study proposed a design of a hybrid power system for underground Load Haul Dump(LHD).The proposed design integrated Quality Function Deployment(QFD)and Theory of Inventive Problem Solving(TRIZ).It identified 7 user requirements and 10 related technical features,formulated 11 innovative design solutions,and ultimately adopting an electric drive hybrid power scheme.This scheme effectively addressesd power transmission coupling problems and improve the efficiency of loaders.A 6 m³hybrid power loader prototype has been developed,which reduces operational energy consumption and advances the electrification and green,low-carbon evolution of mining equipment.
基金supported by the Education and Teaching Research Project of Universities in Fujian Province(FBJY20230167).
文摘The work takes a new liquid-cooling plate in a power battery with pin fins inside the channel as the object.A mathematical model is established via the central composite design of the response surface to study the relationships among the length,width,height,and spacing of pin fins;the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery module;and the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate.Model accuracy is verified via variance analysis.The new liquid-cooling plate enables the power battery to work within an optimal temperature range.Appropriately increasing the length,width,and height and reducing the spacing of pin fins could reduce the temperature of the power battery module and improve the temperature uniformity.However,the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate increases.The structural parameters of the pin fins are optimized to minimize the maximum temperature and the temperature difference of the battery module as well as the pressure drop of the liquid-cooling plate.The errors between the values predicted and actual by the simulation test are 0.58%,4%,and 0.48%,respectively,which further verifies the model accuracy.The results reveal the influence of the structural parameters of the pin fins inside the liquid-cooling plate on its heat dissipation performance and pressure drop characteristics.A theoretical basis is provided for the design of liquid-cooling plates in power batteries and the optimization of structural parameters.
文摘In order to accurately forecast the main engine fuel consumption and reduce the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator(EEOI)of merchant ships in polar ice areas,the energy transfer relationship between ship-machine-propeller is studied by analyzing the complex force situation during ship navigation and building a MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform based on multi-environmental resistance,propeller efficiency,main engine power,fuel consumption,fuel consumption rate and EEOI calculation module.Considering the environmental factors of wind,wave and ice,the route is divided into sections,the calculation of main engine power,main engine fuel consumption and EEOI for each section is completed,and the speed design is optimized based on the simulation model for each section.Under the requirements of the voyage plan,the optimization results show that the energy efficiency operation index of the whole route is reduced by 3.114%and the fuel consumption is reduced by 9.17 t.
基金2024 Science and Technology Commissioner Service Group's Emergency Science and Technology Research Project for Wind Disaster Relief in Hainan Province(ZDYF2024YJGG002-8)China Huaneng Group Co.,Ltd.Headquarters Technology Project,Optimization of Photovoltaic Vegetable Greenhouse Structure and Research on Planting Agronomy in Tropical Regions(HNKJ22-HF77)。
文摘In the tropical regions represented by Hainan,there are abundant solar and thermal resources,and it is relatively suitable for the construction of photovoltaic greenhouse(PVG).However,the construction of PVG still relies mainly on experience and is incapable of quantifying the balance between the photovoltaic(PV)generation and the light requirements for agricultural production.As a result,actual PVGs are primarily PV-based,without carefully considering the needs of agricultural daylighting.To quantify the influence of the design parameters of PVGs and the layout of PV panels on the internal daylighting of serrated PVGs,and to optimize the daylighting design of the roof,this paper utilizes the Design Builder software to establish gradient models for a multi-span serrated-type PVG in tropical regions.Gradient models were established in terms of aspects,namely span,width of longitudinal/transverse daylighting strip,height,roof angle,and photovoltaic panel coverage rate(PCR).Daylighting in the greenhouse of each gradient model was simulated,and with the annual average daily light integral(A_(DLI))and distribution uniformity(DU)as evaluation indicators,the influence of various design parameters on the daylighting inside the greenhouse was quantified.The result reveals that:(1)PCR is the decisive indicator for daylighting in the PVG,and a function between PCR and the A_(DLI) is derived as A_(DLI)=-15.5 PCR+16.841;(2)Increasing the width of longitudinal daylighting strip significantly improves the A_(DLI) and enhances DU while increasing the span has a noticeable effect on improving A_(DLI) but does not significantly enhance DU;(3)Increasing the eave height without changing PCR does not enhance A_(DLI) but effectively improves DU;increasing the transverse daylighting strip and adjusting the roof angle hardly improves A_(DLI).In summary,it is recommended that the optimal span for PVGs in tropical regions be set within the range of 6.5-8.0m,and the eave height be set within the range of 2.5-3.5m.Preferably,the longitudinal daylighting strip with a width ranging from 0.5-0.8m should be installed.Based on the above relationship function,the PCR can be calculated according to the appropriate light demand for the cultivated crops.The daylighting design theory proposed in this paper can provide a theoretical basis and reference for the healthy development of the PV industry in tropical regions.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant numbers 62101570 and 61901494financial support has played a crucial role in the successful completion of this research.
文摘In this paper,we present a novel unimodular sequence design algorithm based on the coordinate descent(CD)algorithm,aimed at countering electronic surveillance(ES)systems based on cyclostationary analysis.Our algorithm not only provides resistance against cyclostationary analysis(CSA)but also maintains low integrated sidelobe(ISL)characteristics.Initially,we derive the expression of the cyclostationary feature(CSF)detector and simplify it into an iterative quadratic form.Additionally,we derive a quadratic form to ensure the similarity of the autocorrelation sidelobes.To balance the minimization of the detection probability and the ISL values,we introduce a Pareto scalar that transforms the multiobjective optimization problem into a convex combination of objective functions.This approach allows us to find an optimal trade-off between the two objectives.Finally,we propose a monotonic algorithm based on the CD algorithm to counter CSA analysis.This algorithm efficiently solves the optimization problem mentioned earlier.Numerical experiments are conducted to validate the correctness and effectiveness of our proposed algorithm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62001481,61890542)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2021JJ40686).
文摘Low sidelobe waveform can reduce mutual masking between targets and increase the detection probability of weak targets.A low sidelobe waveform design method based on complementary amplitude coding(CAC)is proposed in this paper,which can be used to reduce the sidelobe level of multiple waveforms.First,the CAC model is constructed.Then,the waveform design problem is transformed into a nonlinear optimization problem by constructing an objective function using the two indicators of peak-to-sidelobe ratio(PSLR)and integrated sidelobe ratio(ISLR).Finally,genetic algorithm(GA)is used to solve the optimization problem to get the best CAC waveforms.Simulations and experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金Project(2023YFC3805700) supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(42477166,42277174) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+2 种基金Project(2024JCCXSB01) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProject(KFJJ24-01M) supported by the State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection,Beijing Institute of Technology,ChinaProject(HLCX-2024-04) supported by the Open Foundation of Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Development and Ecological Restoration of Mineral Resources,China。
文摘The surrounding rock is prone to large-scale loosening and failure after the excavation of shallow large-span caverns because of the thin overlying strata and large cross-section span.The rational design of bolt support is very important to the safety control of surrounding rock as a common support means.The control mechanism and design method of bolt support for shallow-buried large-span caverns is carried out.The calculation method of bolt prestress and length based on arched failure and collapsed failure mode is established.The influence mechanism of different influencing factors on the bolt prestress and length is clarified.At the same time,the constant resistance energy-absorbing bolt with high strength and high toughness is developed,and the comparative test of mechanical properties is carried out.On this basis,the design method of high prestressed bolt support for shallow-buried large-span caverns is put forward,and the field test is carried out in Qingdao metro station in China.The monitoring results show that the maximum roof settlement is 6.8 mm after the new design method is adopted,and the effective control of the shallow-buried large-span caverns is realized.The research results can provide theoretical and technical support for the safety control of shallow-buried large-span caverns.
文摘The paper presents the coupling of artificial intelligence-AI and Object-oriented methodology applied for the construction of the model-based decision support system MBDSS.The MBDSS is designed for support the strategic decision making lead to the achievemellt of optimal path towardsmarket economy from the central planning situation in China. To meet user's various requirements,a series of innovations in software development have been carried out, such as system formalization with OBFRAMEs in an object-oriented paradigm for problem solving automation and techniques of modules intelligent cooperation, hybrid system of reasoning, connectionist framework utilization,etc. Integration technology has been highly emphasized and discussed in this article and an outlook to future software engineering is given in the conclusion section.
文摘In order to provide relay communication supports for future Chinese lunar exploration program,Queqiao-2 relay communication satellite was developed.Queqiao-2 can perform scientific observations with three kinds of scientific instruments on board.The system design of Queqiao-2,including mission orbit and transfer orbit design,configuration and layout design,housekeeping and information flow design,power supply and distribution design,GNC and propulsion system design,communication links design,etc.,was accomplished through comprehensive tradeoff and evaluation on technical maturity,availability,schedule,cost,and so on.With a view to reducing development risk,both the platform and relay communication payloads were developed based on significant heritage from previous Queqiao relay satellite and other relevant spacecraft.Queqiao-2 features flexible system architecture to support multiple frequencies,modulations,data rates and software reconfigurations to meet new user requirements.Subsequent to a successful launch on March 20,2024,by means of 5 orbit maneuvers,Queqiao-2 was inserted into a highly elliptical frozen mission orbit around the moon with a 24h period on schedule.Following on-orbit tests and calibrations,Queqiao-2 has possessed the capacity to provide reliable relay communication services to multiple lunar exploration missions,as well as the capacity to perform scientific observations.Under the support of Queqiao-2,Chang′e-6 achieved its ambitious mission goal to collect and return samples from the moon′s mysterious far side.In the meanwhile,Queqiao-2 has also paved the way for the following Chinese lunar exploration missions including Chang′e-7 and Chang′e-8.The design life time of Queqiao-2 is more than 8 years.Benefit from flexibility and extensibility of relay communication system design,it is convenient to provide relay communication services for future lunar exploration missions of both China and other countries.In addition,innovative scientific observations would be performed during the period that no relay communication task is arranged.The system design of Queqiao-2 reflects the development philosophy of technical innovations and inheritance integration.Based on highly flexible and extensible system architecture,multiple and concurrent relay communication mission requirements can be met.It can provide strong supports for future lunar exploration missions.Successful launching,orbit entering and on-orbit tests of Queqiao-2 verified the correct design principle and versatility.By means of Queqiao-2,more innovative scientific outcomes are anticipated and lunar exploration activities can be facilitated.
文摘This paper introduces a multi-granularity locking model (MGL) for concurrency control in object-oriented database system briefiy, and presents a MGL model formally. Four lockingscheduling algorithms for MGL are proposed in the paper. The ideas of single queue scheduling(SQS) and dual queue scheduling (DQS) are proposed and the algorithm and the performance evaluation for these two scheduling are presented in some paper. This paper describes a new idea of thescheduling for MGL, compatible requests first (CRF). Combining the new idea with SQS and DQS,we propose two new scheduling algorithms called CRFS and CRFD. After describing the simulationmodel, this paper illustrates the comparisons of the performance among these four algorithms. Asshown in the experiments, DQS has better performance than SQS, CRFD is better than DQS, CRFSperforms better than SQS, and CRFS is the best one of these four scheduling algorithms.
文摘In the era of network live broadcasting for everyone,the development of live broadcasting platforms is also more intelligent and diversified.However,in the face of a large group of elderly users,the interface interaction design mode used is still mainly based on the interaction mode for young groups,and is not designed for elderly users.Therefore,a design method for optimizing the interaction interface of live broadcasting platform for elderly users was proposed in this study.Firstly,the case study method and Delphi expert survey method were used to determine the design needs of elderly users and the design mode was analysed.Secondly,the orthogonal design principle was used to design a test sample of the interactive interface of live broadcasting platform applicable for the elderly users,and then a user evaluation system was established to calculate the weights of the design elements using hierarchical analysis,and then the predictive relationship between the design mode of the interactive interface of live broadcasting platform and the elderly users was established by Quantitative Theory I.Finally,Genetic Algorithm was applied to generate the optimized design scheme.The results showed that the design method based on the Genetic Algorithm and the combination of Quantitative Theory can scientifically and effectively optimize the design of the interactive interface of the live broadcasting platform for the elderly users,and improve the experience of the elderly users.
文摘The design of mini-missiles(MMs)presents several novel challenges.The stringent mission requirement to reach a target with a certain precision imposes a high guidance precision.The miniaturization of the size of MMs makes the design of the guidance,navigation,and control(GNC)have a larger-thanbefore impact on the main-body design(shape,motor,and layout design)and its design objective,i.e.,flight performance.Pursuing a trade-off between flight performance and guidance precision,all the relevant interactions have to be accounted for in the design of the main body and the GNC system.Herein,a multi-objective and multidisciplinary design optimization(MDO)is proposed.Disciplines pertinent to motor,aerodynamics,layout,trajectory,flight dynamics,control,and guidance are included in the proposed MDO framework.The optimization problem seeks to maximize the range and minimize the guidance error.The problem is solved by using the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II.An optimum design that balances a longer range with a smaller guidance error is obtained.Finally,lessons learned about the design of the MM and insights into the trade-off between flight performance and guidance precision are given by comparing the optimum design to a design provided by the traditional approach.
文摘Intelligent personal assistants play a pivotal role in in-vehicle systems,significantly enhancing life efficiency,driving safety,and decision-making support.In this study,the multi-modal design elements of intelligent personal assistants within the context of visual,auditory,and somatosensory interactions with drivers were discussed.Their impact on the driver’s psychological state through various modes such as visual imagery,voice interaction,and gesture interaction were explored.The study also introduced innovative designs for in-vehicle intelligent personal assistants,incorporating design principles such as driver-centricity,prioritizing passenger safety,and utilizing timely feedback as a criterion.Additionally,the study employed design methods like driver behavior research and driving situation analysis to enhance the emotional connection between drivers and their vehicles,ultimately improving driver satisfaction and trust.
基金co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund of the European UnionGreek national funds through the Operational Program Competitiveness,Entrepreneurship and Innovation,under the call RESEARCH-CREATE-INNOVATE(project code:T1EDK-04429)。
文摘A philosophy for the design of novel,lightweight,multi-layered armor,referred to as Composite Armor Philosophy(CAP),which can adapt to the passive protection of light-,medium-,and heavy-armored vehicles,is presented in this study.CAP can serve as a guiding principle to assist designers in comprehending the distinct roles fulfilled by each component.The CAP proposal comprises four functional layers,organized in a suggested hierarchy of materials.Particularly notable is the inclusion of a ceramic-composite principle,representing an advanced and innovative solution in the field of armor design.This paper showcases real-world defense industry applications,offering case studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of this advanced approach.CAP represents a significant milestone in the history of passive protection,marking an evolutionary leap in the field.This philosophical approach provides designers with a powerful toolset with which to enhance the protection capabilities of military vehicles,making them more resilient and better equipped to meet the challenges of modern warfare.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12002370).
文摘To solve the finite-time error-tracking problem in mis-sile guidance,this paper presents a unified design approach through error dynamics and free-time convergence theory.The proposed approach is initiated by establishing a desired model for free-time convergent error dynamics,characterized by its independence from initial conditions and guidance parameters,and adjustable convergence time.This foundation facilitates the derivation of specific guidance laws that integrate constraints such as leading angle,impact angle,and impact time.The theoretical framework of this study elucidates the nuances and synergies between the proposed guidance laws and existing methodologies.Empirical evaluations through simulation comparisons underscore the enhanced accuracy and adaptability of the proposed laws.
