矿山深部采空区已成为威胁矿山人员和生产设备安全的重要危险源。针对现有深部采空区探测方法成本高、时效性差、测量盲区多等问题,设计了一种探入式三维激光雷达扫描系统进行采空区探测。该系统采用廉价的机械旋转式激光雷达降低成本;...矿山深部采空区已成为威胁矿山人员和生产设备安全的重要危险源。针对现有深部采空区探测方法成本高、时效性差、测量盲区多等问题,设计了一种探入式三维激光雷达扫描系统进行采空区探测。该系统采用廉价的机械旋转式激光雷达降低成本;通过自主设计的基于图优化Cartographer-SLAM(Cartographer Simultaneous Localization and Mapping)算法,能够快速处理激光雷达数据,实现在井下实时定位与建图,提高了时效性;搭配探入式三维激光雷达扫描系统支架,可在危险巷道、采空区等人员难以进入的区域进行测量,有效减少测量盲区。为解决现有建模算法构建的采空区模型不光滑、孔洞多等问题,提出了一种基于移动最小二乘法(Moving Least Squares,MLS)优化的泊松曲面重建算法,对采空区点云数据进行建模,通过MLS法对数据点周围进行高阶多项式插值,经过八叉树分割、向量场计算、泊松方程求解、等值面提取,构建采空区三维模型。在辽宁省某金矿开展试验,通过采集多处采空区、巷道及地下硐室数据,实现了井下空间精确建模。试验结果表明:所设计的系统和算法,可高效、精确地实现深部复杂采空区三维建模,在一定程度上解决了深部复杂采空区探测中空区难以进入、存在测量盲区、建模精度不高等问题,为采空区管理和安全生产提供重要技术支持。展开更多
This study prepared a class of RDX-based composite microspheres(RAF)containing ADN and FKM2602.The reaction kinetics of RAF composite microspheres were effectively improved by maintaining the system's high energy ...This study prepared a class of RDX-based composite microspheres(RAF)containing ADN and FKM2602.The reaction kinetics of RAF composite microspheres were effectively improved by maintaining the system's high energy and safety performance.In the close packing state,when the heating rate is rapid,the thermal stability of RAF composite microspheres is better than that of RDX;the close packing state will reduce the degree of freedom of RDX and ADN reaction but will increase the degree of freedom of RAF composite microsphere reaction.The thermal conductivity of RAF composite microspheres is close to that of RDX.In the ignition experiment,the flame of RAF composite microspheres can be maintained without the external heat source.Regarding safety,the H50of RAF composite microspheres was 274.04%higher than that of RDX.The detonation velocity of RAF composite microspheres is slightly higher than that of raw material RDX.Overall,these findings highlight the effectiveness of ADN in enhancing the reaction kinetics of RDX-based composites.展开更多
基于明暗恢复形状(shape from shading,简称SFS)方法进行海底侧扫声呐图像三维重建时,会因为方法中反射模型与海底表面不相符而降低重建精度。为此文章在分析大陆架海底表面特点及侧扫声呐工作机理的基础上,提出了基于SFS混合反射模型...基于明暗恢复形状(shape from shading,简称SFS)方法进行海底侧扫声呐图像三维重建时,会因为方法中反射模型与海底表面不相符而降低重建精度。为此文章在分析大陆架海底表面特点及侧扫声呐工作机理的基础上,提出了基于SFS混合反射模型的侧扫声呐图像海底地形重建方法。首先在保留Lambert漫反射模型的基础上引入Blinn-Phong镜面反射模型,并基于侧扫声呐图像粗糙度进行漫反射系数、镜面反射系数和镜面反射指数的自适应设计,从而形成适合复杂海底表面的混合反射模型;然后线性化处理辐射照度方程,并采用牛顿-拉夫逊方法来获得海底表面高程;最后根据海底点设计反演高程约束系数来约束表面高程,进而完成侧扫声呐图像的三维重建。试验测试结果表明,相较于其他三维重建方法,文中方法的平均绝对误差值VMAE平均降低了32.18%、相关系数值VCC平均提高了29.62%、信噪比值VSNR平均提升了27.23%,有效实现了侧扫声呐图像三维重建。展开更多
文摘矿山深部采空区已成为威胁矿山人员和生产设备安全的重要危险源。针对现有深部采空区探测方法成本高、时效性差、测量盲区多等问题,设计了一种探入式三维激光雷达扫描系统进行采空区探测。该系统采用廉价的机械旋转式激光雷达降低成本;通过自主设计的基于图优化Cartographer-SLAM(Cartographer Simultaneous Localization and Mapping)算法,能够快速处理激光雷达数据,实现在井下实时定位与建图,提高了时效性;搭配探入式三维激光雷达扫描系统支架,可在危险巷道、采空区等人员难以进入的区域进行测量,有效减少测量盲区。为解决现有建模算法构建的采空区模型不光滑、孔洞多等问题,提出了一种基于移动最小二乘法(Moving Least Squares,MLS)优化的泊松曲面重建算法,对采空区点云数据进行建模,通过MLS法对数据点周围进行高阶多项式插值,经过八叉树分割、向量场计算、泊松方程求解、等值面提取,构建采空区三维模型。在辽宁省某金矿开展试验,通过采集多处采空区、巷道及地下硐室数据,实现了井下空间精确建模。试验结果表明:所设计的系统和算法,可高效、精确地实现深部复杂采空区三维建模,在一定程度上解决了深部复杂采空区探测中空区难以进入、存在测量盲区、建模精度不高等问题,为采空区管理和安全生产提供重要技术支持。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant No.202203021221120)The Open Fund of MCRI-Shannxi Laboratory of Energetic Materials(Grant No.204-J-2024-2622)。
文摘This study prepared a class of RDX-based composite microspheres(RAF)containing ADN and FKM2602.The reaction kinetics of RAF composite microspheres were effectively improved by maintaining the system's high energy and safety performance.In the close packing state,when the heating rate is rapid,the thermal stability of RAF composite microspheres is better than that of RDX;the close packing state will reduce the degree of freedom of RDX and ADN reaction but will increase the degree of freedom of RAF composite microsphere reaction.The thermal conductivity of RAF composite microspheres is close to that of RDX.In the ignition experiment,the flame of RAF composite microspheres can be maintained without the external heat source.Regarding safety,the H50of RAF composite microspheres was 274.04%higher than that of RDX.The detonation velocity of RAF composite microspheres is slightly higher than that of raw material RDX.Overall,these findings highlight the effectiveness of ADN in enhancing the reaction kinetics of RDX-based composites.
文摘基于明暗恢复形状(shape from shading,简称SFS)方法进行海底侧扫声呐图像三维重建时,会因为方法中反射模型与海底表面不相符而降低重建精度。为此文章在分析大陆架海底表面特点及侧扫声呐工作机理的基础上,提出了基于SFS混合反射模型的侧扫声呐图像海底地形重建方法。首先在保留Lambert漫反射模型的基础上引入Blinn-Phong镜面反射模型,并基于侧扫声呐图像粗糙度进行漫反射系数、镜面反射系数和镜面反射指数的自适应设计,从而形成适合复杂海底表面的混合反射模型;然后线性化处理辐射照度方程,并采用牛顿-拉夫逊方法来获得海底表面高程;最后根据海底点设计反演高程约束系数来约束表面高程,进而完成侧扫声呐图像的三维重建。试验测试结果表明,相较于其他三维重建方法,文中方法的平均绝对误差值VMAE平均降低了32.18%、相关系数值VCC平均提高了29.62%、信噪比值VSNR平均提升了27.23%,有效实现了侧扫声呐图像三维重建。
