土地利用需求在不同发展目标定位下有所不同,科学合理调控土地利用变化是实现珠三角城市群土地资源高效利用、生态-发展-经济协调发展的重要基石。该文基于1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年4期珠三角城市群土地利用数据,利用Markov-FLUS(...土地利用需求在不同发展目标定位下有所不同,科学合理调控土地利用变化是实现珠三角城市群土地资源高效利用、生态-发展-经济协调发展的重要基石。该文基于1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年4期珠三角城市群土地利用数据,利用Markov-FLUS(Markov-future land use simulation)模型,基于自然发展情景、生态保护情景和发展优先情景3种情景,预测了2035年珠三角城市群土地利用的数量和空间变化,并比较了3种情景下土地利用变化的差异。在此基础上,对2035年土地利用进行模拟分析,以满足流域不同发展目标导向下的国土空间优化配置。研究结果表明:①珠三角城市群建设用地利用变化显著,1990—2020年,城市用地、基础设施用地和其他建设用地面积增加了4945.25 km^(2),增长了2.8倍。②在3种不同土地利用情景的模拟和预测下,城市土地面积在2035年之前将保持增长趋势,但在发展优先情景下其扩张速度将受到限制。在2种不同土地利用场景的模拟和预测下,到2035年,林地、草地和水域等生态用地面积将保持增长趋势。③1990—2020年,耕地面积减少了3759.5 km^(2)。在3种不同土地利用情景的模拟预测下,耕地面积将持续减少,但2020—2035年,减少趋势将放缓。在发展情景中,建设用地面积持续增加,耕地面积减少趋势得到一定遏制,草原和林地面积的减少更加严重。实验结果可为珠三角地区今后城市发展、规划、保护提出建议和对策。展开更多
A novel grey Markov chain predictive model is discussed to reduce drift influence on the output of fiber optical gyroscopes (FOGs) and to improve FOGs' measurement precision. The proposed method possesses advantag...A novel grey Markov chain predictive model is discussed to reduce drift influence on the output of fiber optical gyroscopes (FOGs) and to improve FOGs' measurement precision. The proposed method possesses advantages of grey model and Markov chain. It makes good use of dynamic modeling idea of the grey model to predict general trend of original data. Then according to the trend, states are divided so that it can overcome the disadvantage of high computational cost of state transition probability matrix in Markov chain. Moreover, the presented approach expands the applied scope of the grey model and makes it be fit for prediction of random data with bigger fluctuation. The numerical results of real drift data from a certain type FOG verify the effectiveness of the proposed grey Markov chain model powerfully. The Markov chain is also investigated to provide a comparison with the grey Markov chain model. It is shown that the hybrid grey Markov chain prediction model has higher modeling precision than Markov chain itself, which prove this proposed method is very applicable and effective.展开更多
In order to overcome defects of the classical hidden Markov model (HMM), Markov family model (MFM), a new statistical model was proposed. Markov family model was applied to speech recognition and natural language proc...In order to overcome defects of the classical hidden Markov model (HMM), Markov family model (MFM), a new statistical model was proposed. Markov family model was applied to speech recognition and natural language processing. The speaker independently continuous speech recognition experiments and the part-of-speech tagging experiments show that Markov family model has higher performance than hidden Markov model. The precision is enhanced from 94.642% to 96.214% in the part-of-speech tagging experiments, and the work rate is reduced by 11.9% in the speech recognition experiments with respect to HMM baseline system.展开更多
Time-limited dispatching(TLD)analysis of the full authority digital engine control(FADEC)systems is an important part of the aircraft system safety analysis and a necessary task for the certification of commercial air...Time-limited dispatching(TLD)analysis of the full authority digital engine control(FADEC)systems is an important part of the aircraft system safety analysis and a necessary task for the certification of commercial aircraft and aeroengines.In the time limited dispatch guidance document ARP5107B,a single-fault Markov model(MM)approach is proposed for TLD analysis.However,ARP5107B also requires that the loss of thrust control(LOTC)rate error calculated by applying the single-fault MM must be less than 5%when performing airworthiness certification.Firstly,the sources of accuracy errors in three kinds of MM are analyzed and specified through a case study of the general FADEC system,and secondly a two-fault MM considering maintenance policy is established through analyzing and calculating the expected repair time when two related faults happen.Finally,a specific FADEC system is given to study on the influence factors of accuracy error in the single-fault MM,and the results show that the accuracy error of the single-fault MM decreases with the increase of short or long prescribed dispatch time,and the range values of short time(ST)and long time(LT)are determined to satisfy the requirement of accuracy error within 5%.展开更多
A new grey forecasting model based on BP neural network and Markov chain was proposed. In order to combine the grey forecasting model with neural network, an important theorem that the grey differential equation is eq...A new grey forecasting model based on BP neural network and Markov chain was proposed. In order to combine the grey forecasting model with neural network, an important theorem that the grey differential equation is equivalent to the time response model, was proved by analyzing the features of grey forecasting model（GM（1,1））. Based on this, the differential equation parameters were included in the network when the BP neural network was constructed, and the neural network was trained by extracting samples from grey system＇s known data. When BP network was converged, the whitened grey differential equation parameters were extracted and then the grey neural network forecasting model （GNNM（1,1）） was built. In order to reduce stochastic phenomenon in GNNM（1,1）, the state transition probability between two states was defined and the Markov transition matrix was established by building the residual sequences between grey forecasting and actual value. Thus, the new grey forecasting model（MNNGM（1,1）） was proposed by combining Markov chain with GNNM（1,1）. Based on the above discussion, three different approaches were put forward for forecasting China electricity demands. By comparing GM（1, 1） and GNNM（1,1） with the proposed model, the results indicate that the absolute mean error of MNNGM（1,1） is about 0.4 times of GNNM（1,1） and 0.2 times of GM（I, 1）, and the mean square error of MNNGM（1,1） is about 0.25 times of GNNM（1,1） and 0.1 times of GM（1,1）.展开更多
Due to the limitations of the existing fault detection methods in the embryonic cellular array(ECA), the fault detection coverage cannot reach 100%. In order to evaluate the reliability of the ECA more accurately, emb...Due to the limitations of the existing fault detection methods in the embryonic cellular array(ECA), the fault detection coverage cannot reach 100%. In order to evaluate the reliability of the ECA more accurately, embryonic cell and its input and output(I/O) resources are considered as a whole, named functional unit(FU). The FU fault detection coverage parameter is introduced to ECA reliability analysis, and a new ECA reliability evaluation method based on the Markov status graph model is proposed.Simulation experiment results indicate that the proposed ECA reliability evaluation method can evaluate the ECA reliability more effectively and accurately. Based on the proposed reliability evaluation method, the influence of parameters change on the ECA reliability is studied, and simulation experiment results show that ECA reliability can be improved by increasing the FU fault detection coverage and reducing the FU failure rate. In addition, by increasing the scale of the ECA, the reliability increases to the maximum first, and then it will decrease continuously. ECA reliability variation rules can not only provide theoretical guidance for the ECA optimization design, but also point out the direction for further research.展开更多
文摘土地利用需求在不同发展目标定位下有所不同,科学合理调控土地利用变化是实现珠三角城市群土地资源高效利用、生态-发展-经济协调发展的重要基石。该文基于1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年4期珠三角城市群土地利用数据,利用Markov-FLUS(Markov-future land use simulation)模型,基于自然发展情景、生态保护情景和发展优先情景3种情景,预测了2035年珠三角城市群土地利用的数量和空间变化,并比较了3种情景下土地利用变化的差异。在此基础上,对2035年土地利用进行模拟分析,以满足流域不同发展目标导向下的国土空间优化配置。研究结果表明:①珠三角城市群建设用地利用变化显著,1990—2020年,城市用地、基础设施用地和其他建设用地面积增加了4945.25 km^(2),增长了2.8倍。②在3种不同土地利用情景的模拟和预测下,城市土地面积在2035年之前将保持增长趋势,但在发展优先情景下其扩张速度将受到限制。在2种不同土地利用场景的模拟和预测下,到2035年,林地、草地和水域等生态用地面积将保持增长趋势。③1990—2020年,耕地面积减少了3759.5 km^(2)。在3种不同土地利用情景的模拟预测下,耕地面积将持续减少,但2020—2035年,减少趋势将放缓。在发展情景中,建设用地面积持续增加,耕地面积减少趋势得到一定遏制,草原和林地面积的减少更加严重。实验结果可为珠三角地区今后城市发展、规划、保护提出建议和对策。
文摘A novel grey Markov chain predictive model is discussed to reduce drift influence on the output of fiber optical gyroscopes (FOGs) and to improve FOGs' measurement precision. The proposed method possesses advantages of grey model and Markov chain. It makes good use of dynamic modeling idea of the grey model to predict general trend of original data. Then according to the trend, states are divided so that it can overcome the disadvantage of high computational cost of state transition probability matrix in Markov chain. Moreover, the presented approach expands the applied scope of the grey model and makes it be fit for prediction of random data with bigger fluctuation. The numerical results of real drift data from a certain type FOG verify the effectiveness of the proposed grey Markov chain model powerfully. The Markov chain is also investigated to provide a comparison with the grey Markov chain model. It is shown that the hybrid grey Markov chain prediction model has higher modeling precision than Markov chain itself, which prove this proposed method is very applicable and effective.
基金Project(60763001)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2009GZS0027,2010GZS0072)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China
文摘In order to overcome defects of the classical hidden Markov model (HMM), Markov family model (MFM), a new statistical model was proposed. Markov family model was applied to speech recognition and natural language processing. The speaker independently continuous speech recognition experiments and the part-of-speech tagging experiments show that Markov family model has higher performance than hidden Markov model. The precision is enhanced from 94.642% to 96.214% in the part-of-speech tagging experiments, and the work rate is reduced by 11.9% in the speech recognition experiments with respect to HMM baseline system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51705242)Shanghai Sailing Program(16YF1404900)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NS2015072)
文摘Time-limited dispatching(TLD)analysis of the full authority digital engine control(FADEC)systems is an important part of the aircraft system safety analysis and a necessary task for the certification of commercial aircraft and aeroengines.In the time limited dispatch guidance document ARP5107B,a single-fault Markov model(MM)approach is proposed for TLD analysis.However,ARP5107B also requires that the loss of thrust control(LOTC)rate error calculated by applying the single-fault MM must be less than 5%when performing airworthiness certification.Firstly,the sources of accuracy errors in three kinds of MM are analyzed and specified through a case study of the general FADEC system,and secondly a two-fault MM considering maintenance policy is established through analyzing and calculating the expected repair time when two related faults happen.Finally,a specific FADEC system is given to study on the influence factors of accuracy error in the single-fault MM,and the results show that the accuracy error of the single-fault MM decreases with the increase of short or long prescribed dispatch time,and the range values of short time(ST)and long time(LT)are determined to satisfy the requirement of accuracy error within 5%.
基金Project(70572090) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A new grey forecasting model based on BP neural network and Markov chain was proposed. In order to combine the grey forecasting model with neural network, an important theorem that the grey differential equation is equivalent to the time response model, was proved by analyzing the features of grey forecasting model（GM（1,1））. Based on this, the differential equation parameters were included in the network when the BP neural network was constructed, and the neural network was trained by extracting samples from grey system＇s known data. When BP network was converged, the whitened grey differential equation parameters were extracted and then the grey neural network forecasting model （GNNM（1,1）） was built. In order to reduce stochastic phenomenon in GNNM（1,1）, the state transition probability between two states was defined and the Markov transition matrix was established by building the residual sequences between grey forecasting and actual value. Thus, the new grey forecasting model（MNNGM（1,1）） was proposed by combining Markov chain with GNNM（1,1）. Based on the above discussion, three different approaches were put forward for forecasting China electricity demands. By comparing GM（1, 1） and GNNM（1,1） with the proposed model, the results indicate that the absolute mean error of MNNGM（1,1） is about 0.4 times of GNNM（1,1） and 0.2 times of GM（I, 1）, and the mean square error of MNNGM（1,1） is about 0.25 times of GNNM（1,1） and 0.1 times of GM（1,1）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61601495,61372039)。
文摘Due to the limitations of the existing fault detection methods in the embryonic cellular array(ECA), the fault detection coverage cannot reach 100%. In order to evaluate the reliability of the ECA more accurately, embryonic cell and its input and output(I/O) resources are considered as a whole, named functional unit(FU). The FU fault detection coverage parameter is introduced to ECA reliability analysis, and a new ECA reliability evaluation method based on the Markov status graph model is proposed.Simulation experiment results indicate that the proposed ECA reliability evaluation method can evaluate the ECA reliability more effectively and accurately. Based on the proposed reliability evaluation method, the influence of parameters change on the ECA reliability is studied, and simulation experiment results show that ECA reliability can be improved by increasing the FU fault detection coverage and reducing the FU failure rate. In addition, by increasing the scale of the ECA, the reliability increases to the maximum first, and then it will decrease continuously. ECA reliability variation rules can not only provide theoretical guidance for the ECA optimization design, but also point out the direction for further research.
