土壤侵蚀是影响全球土地退化和可持续发展的重大环境问题。土壤侵蚀模型可估算土壤流失的空间和时间分布,为制定流域水土资源保护政策与实施有效战略提供支持。修订版通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE,Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation)模...土壤侵蚀是影响全球土地退化和可持续发展的重大环境问题。土壤侵蚀模型可估算土壤流失的空间和时间分布,为制定流域水土资源保护政策与实施有效战略提供支持。修订版通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE,Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation)模型以其兼具简单性与准确性,成为全球应用最广泛的土壤侵蚀模型之一。在RUSLE模型的输入参数中,地形因子(LS因子)对土壤流失潜力的影响最为显著,而LS因子的输入数据和计算方法对最终RUSLE模型计算的质量会有直接影响。为此构建了中国区域30米分辨率LS因子数据集(LS_China)。本数据集采用开源工具SAGA(自动化地球科学分析系统)和GDAL(地理空间数据抽象库),基于公开的SRTM30米高程数据集(SRTMGL1)计算获得,覆盖整个中国区域。数据被组织成单独的栅格化图块,每个栅格化图块覆盖1°×1°的范围,以Geotiff格式存储。在大尺度范围的数据计算过程中,基于对数据的空间分解,采用邻域依赖的计算方法,同时采用多流算法,保证LS因子计算的准确性。在数据质量控制方面,通过变异系数(CV)验证并与同一区域的其他数据集进行比较。结果表明,LS_China数据集的变异系数为1.24,相较于其他数据集,其内部异质性较小,具备高质量和高可靠性。本数据集可用作各种尺度(地方、区域、国家)的任何土壤侵蚀评估的输入数据。展开更多
针对实际点云数据中存在的噪点与缺陷对拟合平面时带来的影响,提出一种基于最小平方中值算法(least median of squares,LMedS)与距离加权总体最小二乘法(weighted total least squares based on distance,WTLSD)相结合的平面拟合算法。...针对实际点云数据中存在的噪点与缺陷对拟合平面时带来的影响,提出一种基于最小平方中值算法(least median of squares,LMedS)与距离加权总体最小二乘法(weighted total least squares based on distance,WTLSD)相结合的平面拟合算法。通过最小平方中值算法初步去除点云中的噪点,并基于距离构建初始权重矩阵,利用距离加权总体最小二乘法对点云进行平面拟合,减少平面中凸起与凹陷等缺陷对平面拟合的影响,该算法与传统平面拟合算法相比具备消除异常点与平面缺陷的优点,具备更高的拟合精度;与随机采样一致性算法(random sample consensus,RANSAC)相比具有更高的拟合效率与相近的拟合精度。展开更多
Square piles of reinforced concrete(RC)in marine environments are susceptible to chloride-inducedcorrosion.A novel reverse-seepage technique(RST)is applied to square piles to block the intrusion of chlorides.Thisresea...Square piles of reinforced concrete(RC)in marine environments are susceptible to chloride-inducedcorrosion.A novel reverse-seepage technique(RST)is applied to square piles to block the intrusion of chlorides.Thisresearch introduces a computational model designed to predict the lifespan of corrosion initiation in reinforced concretesquare piles when applied reverse-seepage pressure.The model considers the impacts of chloride binding and the tripletime-dependence property among the permeability,the corrected surface chloride concentration,and the diffusioncoefficient.The proposed numerical model is solved using the alternating direction implicit(ADI)approach,and itsaccuracy and reliability are evaluated by contrasting the computational outcomes with the analytical solution andexperimental results.Furthermore,the primary factors contributing to the corrosion of reinforced concrete square pilesare analyzed.The results indicate that applying RST can decrease the chloride penetration depth and prolong the lifespanof corrosion initiation in square piles.The water-cement ratio and reverse seepage pressure are the most influentialfactors.A water pressure of 0.4 MPa can double the life of concrete,and the durable life of concrete with a water-cementratio of 0.3 can reach 100 years.展开更多
Underwater acoustic signal processing is one of the research hotspots in underwater acoustics.Noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals is the key to underwater acoustic signal processing.Owing to the complexity ...Underwater acoustic signal processing is one of the research hotspots in underwater acoustics.Noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals is the key to underwater acoustic signal processing.Owing to the complexity of marine environment and the particularity of underwater acoustic channel,noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals has always been a difficult challenge in the field of underwater acoustic signal processing.In order to solve the dilemma,we proposed a novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN),minimum mean square variance criterion(MMSVC) and least mean square adaptive filter(LMSAF).This noise reduction technique,named CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF,has three main advantages:(i) as an improved algorithm of empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and ensemble EMD(EEMD),CEEMDAN can better suppress mode mixing,and can avoid selecting the number of decomposition in variational mode decomposition(VMD);(ii) MMSVC can identify noisy intrinsic mode function(IMF),and can avoid selecting thresholds of different permutation entropies;(iii) for noise reduction of noisy IMFs,LMSAF overcomes the selection of deco mposition number and basis function for wavelet noise reduction.Firstly,CEEMDAN decomposes the original signal into IMFs,which can be divided into noisy IMFs and real IMFs.Then,MMSVC and LMSAF are used to detect identify noisy IMFs and remove noise components from noisy IMFs.Finally,both denoised noisy IMFs and real IMFs are reconstructed and the final denoised signal is obtained.Compared with other noise reduction techniques,the validity of CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF can be proved by the analysis of simulation signals and real underwater acoustic signals,which has the better noise reduction effect and has practical application value.CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF also provides a reliable basis for the detection,feature extraction,classification and recognition of underwater acoustic signals.展开更多
ABE-KONDOH-NAGANO,ABID,YANG-SHIH and LAUNDER-SHARMA low-Reynolds number turbulence models were applied to simulating unsteady turbulence flow around a square cylinder in different phases flow field and time-averaged u...ABE-KONDOH-NAGANO,ABID,YANG-SHIH and LAUNDER-SHARMA low-Reynolds number turbulence models were applied to simulating unsteady turbulence flow around a square cylinder in different phases flow field and time-averaged unsteady flow field.Meanwhile,drag and lift coefficients of the four different low-Reynolds number turbulence models were analyzed.The simulated results of YANG-SHIH model are close to the large eddy simulation results and experimental results,and they are significantly better than those of ABE-KONDOH-NAGANO,ABID and LAUNDER-SHARMR models.The modification of the generation of turbulence kinetic energy is the key factor to a successful simulation for YANG-SHIH model,while the correction of the turbulence near the wall has minor influence on the simulation results.For ABE-KONDOH-NAGANO,ABID and LAUNDER-SHARMA models satisfactory simulation results cannot be obtained due to lack of the modification of the generation of turbulence kinetic energy.With the joint force of wall function and the turbulence models with the adoption of corrected swirl stream,flow around a square cylinder can be fully simulated with less grids by the near-wall.展开更多
台区电力工单记录反映了台区运行工况和用户需求,是制定台区用电安全管理制度和满足台区用户用电需求的重要依据。针对台区电力工单高复杂性和强专业性给台区工单分类带来的难题,提出一种融合标签平滑(LS)与预训练语言模型的台区电力工...台区电力工单记录反映了台区运行工况和用户需求,是制定台区用电安全管理制度和满足台区用户用电需求的重要依据。针对台区电力工单高复杂性和强专业性给台区工单分类带来的难题,提出一种融合标签平滑(LS)与预训练语言模型的台区电力工单分类模型(MiniRBT-LSTM-GAT)。首先,利用预训练模型计算电力工单文本中的字符级特征向量表示;其次,采用双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)捕捉电力文本序列中的依赖关系;再次,通过图注意力网络(GAT)聚焦对文本分类贡献大的特征信息;最后,利用LS改进损失函数以提高模型的分类精度。所提模型与当前主流的文本分类算法在农网台区电力工单数据集(RSPWO)、浙江省95598电力工单数据集(ZJPWO)和THUCNews(TsingHua University Chinese News)数据集上的实验结果表明,与电力审计文本多粒度预训练语言模型(EPAT-BERT)相比,所提模型在RSPWO、ZJPWO上的查准率和F1值分别提升了2.76、2.02个百分点和1.77、1.40个百分点;与胶囊神经网络模型BRsyn-caps(capsule network based on BERT and dependency syntax)相比,所提模型在THUCNews数据集上的查准率和准确率分别提升了0.76和0.71个百分点。可见,所提模型有效提升了台区电力工单分类的性能,并在THUCNews数据集上表现良好,验证了模型的通用性。展开更多
文摘土壤侵蚀是影响全球土地退化和可持续发展的重大环境问题。土壤侵蚀模型可估算土壤流失的空间和时间分布,为制定流域水土资源保护政策与实施有效战略提供支持。修订版通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE,Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation)模型以其兼具简单性与准确性,成为全球应用最广泛的土壤侵蚀模型之一。在RUSLE模型的输入参数中,地形因子(LS因子)对土壤流失潜力的影响最为显著,而LS因子的输入数据和计算方法对最终RUSLE模型计算的质量会有直接影响。为此构建了中国区域30米分辨率LS因子数据集(LS_China)。本数据集采用开源工具SAGA(自动化地球科学分析系统)和GDAL(地理空间数据抽象库),基于公开的SRTM30米高程数据集(SRTMGL1)计算获得,覆盖整个中国区域。数据被组织成单独的栅格化图块,每个栅格化图块覆盖1°×1°的范围,以Geotiff格式存储。在大尺度范围的数据计算过程中,基于对数据的空间分解,采用邻域依赖的计算方法,同时采用多流算法,保证LS因子计算的准确性。在数据质量控制方面,通过变异系数(CV)验证并与同一区域的其他数据集进行比较。结果表明,LS_China数据集的变异系数为1.24,相较于其他数据集,其内部异质性较小,具备高质量和高可靠性。本数据集可用作各种尺度(地方、区域、国家)的任何土壤侵蚀评估的输入数据。
文摘针对实际点云数据中存在的噪点与缺陷对拟合平面时带来的影响,提出一种基于最小平方中值算法(least median of squares,LMedS)与距离加权总体最小二乘法(weighted total least squares based on distance,WTLSD)相结合的平面拟合算法。通过最小平方中值算法初步去除点云中的噪点,并基于距离构建初始权重矩阵,利用距离加权总体最小二乘法对点云进行平面拟合,减少平面中凸起与凹陷等缺陷对平面拟合的影响,该算法与传统平面拟合算法相比具备消除异常点与平面缺陷的优点,具备更高的拟合精度;与随机采样一致性算法(random sample consensus,RANSAC)相比具有更高的拟合效率与相近的拟合精度。
基金Projects(52178371,52108355,52178321)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(202305)supported by the Research Project of Engineering Research Centre of Rock-Soil Drilling&Excavation and Protection,Ministry of Education,China。
文摘Square piles of reinforced concrete(RC)in marine environments are susceptible to chloride-inducedcorrosion.A novel reverse-seepage technique(RST)is applied to square piles to block the intrusion of chlorides.Thisresearch introduces a computational model designed to predict the lifespan of corrosion initiation in reinforced concretesquare piles when applied reverse-seepage pressure.The model considers the impacts of chloride binding and the tripletime-dependence property among the permeability,the corrected surface chloride concentration,and the diffusioncoefficient.The proposed numerical model is solved using the alternating direction implicit(ADI)approach,and itsaccuracy and reliability are evaluated by contrasting the computational outcomes with the analytical solution andexperimental results.Furthermore,the primary factors contributing to the corrosion of reinforced concrete square pilesare analyzed.The results indicate that applying RST can decrease the chloride penetration depth and prolong the lifespanof corrosion initiation in square piles.The water-cement ratio and reverse seepage pressure are the most influentialfactors.A water pressure of 0.4 MPa can double the life of concrete,and the durable life of concrete with a water-cementratio of 0.3 can reach 100 years.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11574250).
文摘Underwater acoustic signal processing is one of the research hotspots in underwater acoustics.Noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals is the key to underwater acoustic signal processing.Owing to the complexity of marine environment and the particularity of underwater acoustic channel,noise reduction of underwater acoustic signals has always been a difficult challenge in the field of underwater acoustic signal processing.In order to solve the dilemma,we proposed a novel noise reduction technique for underwater acoustic signals based on complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN),minimum mean square variance criterion(MMSVC) and least mean square adaptive filter(LMSAF).This noise reduction technique,named CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF,has three main advantages:(i) as an improved algorithm of empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and ensemble EMD(EEMD),CEEMDAN can better suppress mode mixing,and can avoid selecting the number of decomposition in variational mode decomposition(VMD);(ii) MMSVC can identify noisy intrinsic mode function(IMF),and can avoid selecting thresholds of different permutation entropies;(iii) for noise reduction of noisy IMFs,LMSAF overcomes the selection of deco mposition number and basis function for wavelet noise reduction.Firstly,CEEMDAN decomposes the original signal into IMFs,which can be divided into noisy IMFs and real IMFs.Then,MMSVC and LMSAF are used to detect identify noisy IMFs and remove noise components from noisy IMFs.Finally,both denoised noisy IMFs and real IMFs are reconstructed and the final denoised signal is obtained.Compared with other noise reduction techniques,the validity of CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF can be proved by the analysis of simulation signals and real underwater acoustic signals,which has the better noise reduction effect and has practical application value.CEEMDAN-MMSVC-LMSAF also provides a reliable basis for the detection,feature extraction,classification and recognition of underwater acoustic signals.
基金Project(2006BAJ04B04)supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program in the Eleventh Five-year Plan PeriodProject(2006AA05Z229)supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China+1 种基金Project supportedby the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education MinistryProject(06wk3023)supported by Hunan Science and Technology Office
文摘ABE-KONDOH-NAGANO,ABID,YANG-SHIH and LAUNDER-SHARMA low-Reynolds number turbulence models were applied to simulating unsteady turbulence flow around a square cylinder in different phases flow field and time-averaged unsteady flow field.Meanwhile,drag and lift coefficients of the four different low-Reynolds number turbulence models were analyzed.The simulated results of YANG-SHIH model are close to the large eddy simulation results and experimental results,and they are significantly better than those of ABE-KONDOH-NAGANO,ABID and LAUNDER-SHARMR models.The modification of the generation of turbulence kinetic energy is the key factor to a successful simulation for YANG-SHIH model,while the correction of the turbulence near the wall has minor influence on the simulation results.For ABE-KONDOH-NAGANO,ABID and LAUNDER-SHARMA models satisfactory simulation results cannot be obtained due to lack of the modification of the generation of turbulence kinetic energy.With the joint force of wall function and the turbulence models with the adoption of corrected swirl stream,flow around a square cylinder can be fully simulated with less grids by the near-wall.
文摘台区电力工单记录反映了台区运行工况和用户需求,是制定台区用电安全管理制度和满足台区用户用电需求的重要依据。针对台区电力工单高复杂性和强专业性给台区工单分类带来的难题,提出一种融合标签平滑(LS)与预训练语言模型的台区电力工单分类模型(MiniRBT-LSTM-GAT)。首先,利用预训练模型计算电力工单文本中的字符级特征向量表示;其次,采用双向长短期记忆网络(BiLSTM)捕捉电力文本序列中的依赖关系;再次,通过图注意力网络(GAT)聚焦对文本分类贡献大的特征信息;最后,利用LS改进损失函数以提高模型的分类精度。所提模型与当前主流的文本分类算法在农网台区电力工单数据集(RSPWO)、浙江省95598电力工单数据集(ZJPWO)和THUCNews(TsingHua University Chinese News)数据集上的实验结果表明,与电力审计文本多粒度预训练语言模型(EPAT-BERT)相比,所提模型在RSPWO、ZJPWO上的查准率和F1值分别提升了2.76、2.02个百分点和1.77、1.40个百分点;与胶囊神经网络模型BRsyn-caps(capsule network based on BERT and dependency syntax)相比,所提模型在THUCNews数据集上的查准率和准确率分别提升了0.76和0.71个百分点。可见,所提模型有效提升了台区电力工单分类的性能,并在THUCNews数据集上表现良好,验证了模型的通用性。
