Specific primers for the MC1R gene of alpacas(GenBank EU1358800) were designed to amplify the cDNA sequence using RT-PCR to seek variation in the sequence and explore the relationship between the expression level of M...Specific primers for the MC1R gene of alpacas(GenBank EU1358800) were designed to amplify the cDNA sequence using RT-PCR to seek variation in the sequence and explore the relationship between the expression level of MC1R gene and alpaca coat color.The MC1R gene from white alpaca was cloned successfully and sequence analysis verified that the MC1R gene,encoding 317 amino acids,was 1081 bp in length.Compared with the existing sequence in GenBank,sequence identity was 99.9%and 7 mutations were found.Primers,designed from the sequence obtained,were used to assess the relative expression of MC1R in alpacas of different coat color using QRT-PCR and SPSS 13.0 software.Relative expression of MC1R in the skin of brown alpacas was 4.32 times higher than that in white alpacas after normalization with GAPDH(P【0.01),indicating that MC1R expression may be related to coat color of alpacas.展开更多
孕烷X受体(pregnane X receptor,PXR)是核受体超家族成员之一,内源性或外源性物质可充当配体激活PXR。PXR在激活状态下,可以调节药物代谢酶、转运蛋白和其他代谢相关蛋白质的表达。有机磷类阻燃剂(organophosphate flame r etardants,OP...孕烷X受体(pregnane X receptor,PXR)是核受体超家族成员之一,内源性或外源性物质可充当配体激活PXR。PXR在激活状态下,可以调节药物代谢酶、转运蛋白和其他代谢相关蛋白质的表达。有机磷类阻燃剂(organophosphate flame r etardants,OPFRs)作为一类使用最为广泛的阻燃材料添加剂,其对环境污染和人体健康的危害已逐渐显现。研究表明有机磷类阻燃剂作为外源配体,能够激活PXR引起内分泌系统代谢紊乱,进而对生物体造成损伤。近年来,随着分子生物学和结构生物学的快速发展,有机磷类阻燃剂调控PXR的分子机制日益备受关注。本文从有机磷类阻燃剂的结构特征、有机磷类阻燃剂与PXR的结合机制、调控的信号通路、导致的生物效应等方面进行了综述。研究表明有机磷类阻燃剂作为外源配体能够特异性激活PXR。相比于烷基OPFRs和卤代OPFRs,芳基OPFRs对PXR显示出更强的激动活性,且OPFRs的三酯化合物比二酯化合物表现出更强的激动活性。分子对接模拟结果也揭示了有机磷类阻燃剂与PXR相互作用的结构基础,并进一步证实OPFRs是PXR的有效配体。其中,有机磷类阻燃剂与PXR主要通过疏水作用和氢键作用相互结合。有机磷类阻燃剂的化学结构特征决定了其与PXR的分子结合能力,进而产生了相应的生物效应。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30501070)Shanxi Natural Science Foundation(No.20041099)President Foundation of Agricultural University of Hebei (BS2007023)
文摘Specific primers for the MC1R gene of alpacas(GenBank EU1358800) were designed to amplify the cDNA sequence using RT-PCR to seek variation in the sequence and explore the relationship between the expression level of MC1R gene and alpaca coat color.The MC1R gene from white alpaca was cloned successfully and sequence analysis verified that the MC1R gene,encoding 317 amino acids,was 1081 bp in length.Compared with the existing sequence in GenBank,sequence identity was 99.9%and 7 mutations were found.Primers,designed from the sequence obtained,were used to assess the relative expression of MC1R in alpacas of different coat color using QRT-PCR and SPSS 13.0 software.Relative expression of MC1R in the skin of brown alpacas was 4.32 times higher than that in white alpacas after normalization with GAPDH(P【0.01),indicating that MC1R expression may be related to coat color of alpacas.
文摘孕烷X受体(pregnane X receptor,PXR)是核受体超家族成员之一,内源性或外源性物质可充当配体激活PXR。PXR在激活状态下,可以调节药物代谢酶、转运蛋白和其他代谢相关蛋白质的表达。有机磷类阻燃剂(organophosphate flame r etardants,OPFRs)作为一类使用最为广泛的阻燃材料添加剂,其对环境污染和人体健康的危害已逐渐显现。研究表明有机磷类阻燃剂作为外源配体,能够激活PXR引起内分泌系统代谢紊乱,进而对生物体造成损伤。近年来,随着分子生物学和结构生物学的快速发展,有机磷类阻燃剂调控PXR的分子机制日益备受关注。本文从有机磷类阻燃剂的结构特征、有机磷类阻燃剂与PXR的结合机制、调控的信号通路、导致的生物效应等方面进行了综述。研究表明有机磷类阻燃剂作为外源配体能够特异性激活PXR。相比于烷基OPFRs和卤代OPFRs,芳基OPFRs对PXR显示出更强的激动活性,且OPFRs的三酯化合物比二酯化合物表现出更强的激动活性。分子对接模拟结果也揭示了有机磷类阻燃剂与PXR相互作用的结构基础,并进一步证实OPFRs是PXR的有效配体。其中,有机磷类阻燃剂与PXR主要通过疏水作用和氢键作用相互结合。有机磷类阻燃剂的化学结构特征决定了其与PXR的分子结合能力,进而产生了相应的生物效应。
