Effect of cars with intelligent transportation systems （ITSs） on traffic flow near an on-ramp is investigated by car-following simulations. By numerical simulations, the dependences of flux on the inflow rate are in...Effect of cars with intelligent transportation systems （ITSs） on traffic flow near an on-ramp is investigated by car-following simulations. By numerical simulations, the dependences of flux on the inflow rate are investigated for various proportions of cars with ITSs. The phase diagrams as well as the spatiotemporal diagrams are presented to show different traffic flow states on the main road and the on-ramp. The results show that the saturated flux on the main road increases and the free flow region is enlarged with the increase of the proportion of cars with ITS. Interestingly, the congested regions of the main road disappear completely when the proportion is larger than a critical value. Further investigation shows that the capacity of on-ramp system can be promoted by 13% by using the ITS information, and the saturated flux on the on-ramp can be kept at an appropriate value by adjusting the proportion of cars with ITS.展开更多
Having criticized the current architecture of Advanced Traveler Information Systems （ATISs）, this work discusses a new base of requirements to develop a new paradigm for traffic information systems. It mainly integr...Having criticized the current architecture of Advanced Traveler Information Systems （ATISs）, this work discusses a new base of requirements to develop a new paradigm for traffic information systems. It mainly integrates three dimensions within a traffic system： drivers＇ pattern of behavior and preferences, urban traffic desires, and capabilities of traffic information service providers. Based on the above, functional segments from several related backgrounds are brought together to structure a new architecture, called Interactive Traveler Information System （ITIS）. The main interactive feature of this new architecture is a two-way communication track between drivers and the traffic information system provider-in fact, a decision on choosing a road at a particular time for an individual will be made based on the utility of both sides. This new configuration consists of driver-side smartphone application, centric traffic prediction, and decision-maker units, which will shape a new approach of decision-making processes. These all work together to satisfy the designated goal of ITIS, which is preserving the Wardrop equilibrium condition in the traffic network level. Finally, we concentrate on a comparison study, which shows a differentiation between performance of the proposed ITIS and the current ATIS model in a real situation. This has been done with simulations of analogical scenarios. The most noticeable advantage of the proposed architecture is not being limited to a saturation limit, and the positive effect of increasing system penetration in the performance of the newly introduced information system. In conclusion, new research subjects are suggested to be carried out.展开更多
大数据时代,患者的管理逐渐转变为理论驱动与数据驱动相结合,实时监测患者动态变化的健康结局数据。患者报告结局电子化实施路径内容无需他人解释,为解决患者随访管理中的信息延续问题提供了新思路,其对实现患者持久、动态、实时的健康...大数据时代,患者的管理逐渐转变为理论驱动与数据驱动相结合,实时监测患者动态变化的健康结局数据。患者报告结局电子化实施路径内容无需他人解释,为解决患者随访管理中的信息延续问题提供了新思路,其对实现患者持久、动态、实时的健康状态监测发挥巨大优势,在造口患者的延续性管理中具有实用性。本文就患者报告结局测量信息系统(patient-reported outcomes measurement information system,PROMIS)和随访管理的概念、造口相关PROMIS评估工具、数据采集方式、应用价值进行综述,以期为我国开展造口患者随访管理提供参考借鉴。展开更多
基金Project partially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2006CB705500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.70631001 and 70701004)the Innovation Foundation of Science and Technology for Excellent Doctorial Candidate of Beijing Jiaotong University(Grant No.141046522)
文摘Effect of cars with intelligent transportation systems （ITSs） on traffic flow near an on-ramp is investigated by car-following simulations. By numerical simulations, the dependences of flux on the inflow rate are investigated for various proportions of cars with ITSs. The phase diagrams as well as the spatiotemporal diagrams are presented to show different traffic flow states on the main road and the on-ramp. The results show that the saturated flux on the main road increases and the free flow region is enlarged with the increase of the proportion of cars with ITS. Interestingly, the congested regions of the main road disappear completely when the proportion is larger than a critical value. Further investigation shows that the capacity of on-ramp system can be promoted by 13% by using the ITS information, and the saturated flux on the on-ramp can be kept at an appropriate value by adjusting the proportion of cars with ITS.
文摘Having criticized the current architecture of Advanced Traveler Information Systems （ATISs）, this work discusses a new base of requirements to develop a new paradigm for traffic information systems. It mainly integrates three dimensions within a traffic system： drivers＇ pattern of behavior and preferences, urban traffic desires, and capabilities of traffic information service providers. Based on the above, functional segments from several related backgrounds are brought together to structure a new architecture, called Interactive Traveler Information System （ITIS）. The main interactive feature of this new architecture is a two-way communication track between drivers and the traffic information system provider-in fact, a decision on choosing a road at a particular time for an individual will be made based on the utility of both sides. This new configuration consists of driver-side smartphone application, centric traffic prediction, and decision-maker units, which will shape a new approach of decision-making processes. These all work together to satisfy the designated goal of ITIS, which is preserving the Wardrop equilibrium condition in the traffic network level. Finally, we concentrate on a comparison study, which shows a differentiation between performance of the proposed ITIS and the current ATIS model in a real situation. This has been done with simulations of analogical scenarios. The most noticeable advantage of the proposed architecture is not being limited to a saturation limit, and the positive effect of increasing system penetration in the performance of the newly introduced information system. In conclusion, new research subjects are suggested to be carried out.
文摘大数据时代,患者的管理逐渐转变为理论驱动与数据驱动相结合,实时监测患者动态变化的健康结局数据。患者报告结局电子化实施路径内容无需他人解释,为解决患者随访管理中的信息延续问题提供了新思路,其对实现患者持久、动态、实时的健康状态监测发挥巨大优势,在造口患者的延续性管理中具有实用性。本文就患者报告结局测量信息系统(patient-reported outcomes measurement information system,PROMIS)和随访管理的概念、造口相关PROMIS评估工具、数据采集方式、应用价值进行综述,以期为我国开展造口患者随访管理提供参考借鉴。
