The concept of cointegration describes an equilibrium relationship among a set of time-varying variables, and the cointegrated relationship can be represented through an error-correction model (ECM). The error-correct...The concept of cointegration describes an equilibrium relationship among a set of time-varying variables, and the cointegrated relationship can be represented through an error-correction model (ECM). The error-correction variable, which represents the short-run discrepancy from the equilibrium state in a cointegrated system, plays an important role in the ECM. It is natural to ask how the error-correction mechanism works, or equivalently, how the short-run discrepancy affects the development of the cointegrated system? This paper examines the effect or local influence on the error-correction variable in an error-correction model. Following the argument of the second-order approach to local influence suggested by reference [5], we develop a diagnostic statistic to examine the local influence on the estimation of the parameter associated with the error-correction variable in an ECM. An empirical example is presented to illustrate the application of the proposed diagnostic. We find that the short-run discre pancy may have strong influence on the estimation of the parameter associated with the error-correction model. It is the error-correction variable that the short-run discrepancies can be incorporated through the error-correction mechanism.展开更多
The"state and domain phenomenon"emerged at the modeling period of the crowd system,and with the development of cities,communities are extruded by the multivariate space and the crowd system,forming the socia...The"state and domain phenomenon"emerged at the modeling period of the crowd system,and with the development of cities,communities are extruded by the multivariate space and the crowd system,forming the social need of a basic guarantee of community correction. After the expansion of communities,the functional integration period begins,which leads to the period of urban transition,when community and the jurisprudential basis begin to coincide with each other,bringing the community correction model. In the industrialized period,the urban population made great contribution to the community correction of cities. Fromthe perspective of globalization,urban integration will experience the anguish of community correction,and crime and punishment will enter communities of the whole society,forming normal community correction model,so the service systemof community correction begins with the formation of the community-based management system,the crowd-based management range,the fundamental organization structure and the coincidence of the organizing function.展开更多
This paper presents an actuator used for the trajectory correction fuze,which is subject to high impact loadings during launch.A simulation method is carried out to obtain the peak-peak stress value of each component,...This paper presents an actuator used for the trajectory correction fuze,which is subject to high impact loadings during launch.A simulation method is carried out to obtain the peak-peak stress value of each component,from which the ball bearings are possible failures according to the results.Subsequently,three schemes against impact loadings,full-element deep groove ball bearing and integrated raceway,needle roller thrust bearing assembly,and gaskets are utilized for redesigning the actuator to effectively reduce the bearings’stress.However,multi-objectives optimization still needs to be conducted for the gaskets to decrease the stress value further to the yield stress.Four gasket’s structure parameters and three bearings’peak-peak stress are served as the four optimization variables and three objectives,respectively.Optimized Latin hypercube design is used for generating sample points,and Kriging model selected according to estimation result can establish the relationship between the variables and objectives,representing the simulation which is time-consuming.Accordingly,two optimization algorithms work out the Pareto solutions,from which the best solutions are selected,and verified by the simulation to determine the gaskets optimized structure parameters.It can be concluded that the simulation and optimization method based on these components is effective and efficient.展开更多
Heilongjiang is a large agriculture province.Problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers are urgent to be solved.The development of agriculture needs the support of agricultural credits,because finance is the cent...Heilongjiang is a large agriculture province.Problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers are urgent to be solved.The development of agriculture needs the support of agricultural credits,because finance is the center of agriculture economy.However,the low comparative advantage in agriculture and pursuit of the capital interests which aggravate the conflicts of supply and demand of agricultural funds.Lacking of fund is the main factor that constrains the development of agricultural economy.In order to analyze the economic effect of agricultural credits on agricultural economy,an error correction model was set up to research the relationship between them,which based on the least square methods.Through the study of the contribution from agricultural credits to total value of agricultural out-put,the empirical evidence for developing the rural financial vigorously was provided,in order to promote the agricultura leconomic development.展开更多
ReLM(Rephrasing Language Model)是当前性能领先的中文拼写纠错(CSC)模型。针对它在复杂语义场景中存在特征表达不足的问题,提出深层语义特征增强的ReLM——FeReLM(Feature-enhanced Rephrasing Language Model)。该模型利用深度可分...ReLM(Rephrasing Language Model)是当前性能领先的中文拼写纠错(CSC)模型。针对它在复杂语义场景中存在特征表达不足的问题,提出深层语义特征增强的ReLM——FeReLM(Feature-enhanced Rephrasing Language Model)。该模型利用深度可分离卷积(DSC)技术融合特征提取模型BGE(BAAI General Embeddings)生成的深层语义特征与ReLM生成的整体特征,从而有效提升模型对复杂上下文的解析力和拼写错误的识别纠正精度。首先,在Wang271K数据集上训练FeReLM,使模型持续学习句子中的深层语义和复杂表达;其次,迁移训练好的权重,从而将模型学习到的知识应用于新的数据集并进行微调。实验结果表明,在ECSpell和MCSC数据集上与ReLM、MCRSpell(Metric learning of Correct Representation for Chinese Spelling Correction)和RSpell(Retrieval-augmented Framework for Domain Adaptive Chinese Spelling Check)等模型相比,FeReLM的精确率、召回率、F1分数等关键指标的提升幅度可达0.6~28.7个百分点。此外,通过消融实验验证了所提方法的有效性。展开更多
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 79800012 and No. 79400014).
文摘The concept of cointegration describes an equilibrium relationship among a set of time-varying variables, and the cointegrated relationship can be represented through an error-correction model (ECM). The error-correction variable, which represents the short-run discrepancy from the equilibrium state in a cointegrated system, plays an important role in the ECM. It is natural to ask how the error-correction mechanism works, or equivalently, how the short-run discrepancy affects the development of the cointegrated system? This paper examines the effect or local influence on the error-correction variable in an error-correction model. Following the argument of the second-order approach to local influence suggested by reference [5], we develop a diagnostic statistic to examine the local influence on the estimation of the parameter associated with the error-correction variable in an ECM. An empirical example is presented to illustrate the application of the proposed diagnostic. We find that the short-run discre pancy may have strong influence on the estimation of the parameter associated with the error-correction model. It is the error-correction variable that the short-run discrepancies can be incorporated through the error-correction mechanism.
文摘The"state and domain phenomenon"emerged at the modeling period of the crowd system,and with the development of cities,communities are extruded by the multivariate space and the crowd system,forming the social need of a basic guarantee of community correction. After the expansion of communities,the functional integration period begins,which leads to the period of urban transition,when community and the jurisprudential basis begin to coincide with each other,bringing the community correction model. In the industrialized period,the urban population made great contribution to the community correction of cities. Fromthe perspective of globalization,urban integration will experience the anguish of community correction,and crime and punishment will enter communities of the whole society,forming normal community correction model,so the service systemof community correction begins with the formation of the community-based management system,the crowd-based management range,the fundamental organization structure and the coincidence of the organizing function.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge National Defense Pre-Research Foundation of China(Grant No.41419030102)to provide fund for conducting experiments.
文摘This paper presents an actuator used for the trajectory correction fuze,which is subject to high impact loadings during launch.A simulation method is carried out to obtain the peak-peak stress value of each component,from which the ball bearings are possible failures according to the results.Subsequently,three schemes against impact loadings,full-element deep groove ball bearing and integrated raceway,needle roller thrust bearing assembly,and gaskets are utilized for redesigning the actuator to effectively reduce the bearings’stress.However,multi-objectives optimization still needs to be conducted for the gaskets to decrease the stress value further to the yield stress.Four gasket’s structure parameters and three bearings’peak-peak stress are served as the four optimization variables and three objectives,respectively.Optimized Latin hypercube design is used for generating sample points,and Kriging model selected according to estimation result can establish the relationship between the variables and objectives,representing the simulation which is time-consuming.Accordingly,two optimization algorithms work out the Pareto solutions,from which the best solutions are selected,and verified by the simulation to determine the gaskets optimized structure parameters.It can be concluded that the simulation and optimization method based on these components is effective and efficient.
基金Supported by the Fund for Heilongjiang Province Philosophy and Social Sciences Project (08E015)Social Sciences Fund of the Heilongjiang Provincial Education Department (11542014)Scientific Research Fund of Northeast Agricultural University
文摘Heilongjiang is a large agriculture province.Problems of agriculture,rural areas and farmers are urgent to be solved.The development of agriculture needs the support of agricultural credits,because finance is the center of agriculture economy.However,the low comparative advantage in agriculture and pursuit of the capital interests which aggravate the conflicts of supply and demand of agricultural funds.Lacking of fund is the main factor that constrains the development of agricultural economy.In order to analyze the economic effect of agricultural credits on agricultural economy,an error correction model was set up to research the relationship between them,which based on the least square methods.Through the study of the contribution from agricultural credits to total value of agricultural out-put,the empirical evidence for developing the rural financial vigorously was provided,in order to promote the agricultura leconomic development.
文摘ReLM(Rephrasing Language Model)是当前性能领先的中文拼写纠错(CSC)模型。针对它在复杂语义场景中存在特征表达不足的问题,提出深层语义特征增强的ReLM——FeReLM(Feature-enhanced Rephrasing Language Model)。该模型利用深度可分离卷积(DSC)技术融合特征提取模型BGE(BAAI General Embeddings)生成的深层语义特征与ReLM生成的整体特征,从而有效提升模型对复杂上下文的解析力和拼写错误的识别纠正精度。首先,在Wang271K数据集上训练FeReLM,使模型持续学习句子中的深层语义和复杂表达;其次,迁移训练好的权重,从而将模型学习到的知识应用于新的数据集并进行微调。实验结果表明,在ECSpell和MCSC数据集上与ReLM、MCRSpell(Metric learning of Correct Representation for Chinese Spelling Correction)和RSpell(Retrieval-augmented Framework for Domain Adaptive Chinese Spelling Check)等模型相比,FeReLM的精确率、召回率、F1分数等关键指标的提升幅度可达0.6~28.7个百分点。此外,通过消融实验验证了所提方法的有效性。
