Recent advancements in additive manufacturing(AM)have revolutionized the design and production of complex engineering microstructures.Despite these advancements,their mathematical modeling and computational analysis r...Recent advancements in additive manufacturing(AM)have revolutionized the design and production of complex engineering microstructures.Despite these advancements,their mathematical modeling and computational analysis remain significant challenges.This research aims to develop an effective computational method for analyzing the free vibration of functionally graded(FG)microplates under high temperatures while resting on a Pasternak foundation(PF).This formulation leverages a new thirdorder shear deformation theory(new TSDT)for improved accuracy without requiring shear correction factors.Additionally,the modified couple stress theory(MCST)is incorporated to account for sizedependent effects in microplates.The PF is characterized by two parameters including spring stiffness(k_(w))and shear layer stiffness(k_(s)).To validate the proposed method,the results obtained are compared with those of the existing literature.Furthermore,numerical examples explore the influence of various factors on the high-temperature free vibration of FG microplates.These factors include the length scale parameter(l),geometric dimensions,material properties,and the presence of the elastic foundation.The findings significantly enhance our comprehension of the free vibration of FG microplates in high thermal environments.In addition,the findings significantly enhance our comprehension of the free vibration of FG microplates in high thermal environments.In addition,the results of this research will have great potential in military and defense applications such as components of submarines,fighter aircraft,and missiles.展开更多
A bicubic B-spline finite element method is proposed to solve optimal control problems governed by fourth-order semilinear parabolic partial differential equations.Its key feature is the selection of bicubic B-splines...A bicubic B-spline finite element method is proposed to solve optimal control problems governed by fourth-order semilinear parabolic partial differential equations.Its key feature is the selection of bicubic B-splines as trial functions to approximate the state and costate variables in two space dimensions.A Crank-Nicolson difference scheme is constructed for time discretization.The resulting numerical solutions belong to C2in space,and the order of the coefficient matrix is low.Moreover,the Bogner-Fox-Schmit element is considered for comparison.Two numerical experiments demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Tree-ring width(RW),density,elemental com-position,and stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)are widely used as proxies to assess climate change,ecology,and environmental pollution;however,a specific pret...Tree-ring width(RW),density,elemental com-position,and stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)are widely used as proxies to assess climate change,ecology,and environmental pollution;however,a specific pretreat-ment has been needed for each proxy.Here,we developed a method by which each proxy can be measured in the same sample.First,the sample is polished for ring width meas-urement.After obtaining the ring width data,the sample is cut to form a 1-mm-thick wood plate.The sample is then mounted in a vertical sample holder,and gradually scanned by an X-ray beam.Simultaneously,the count rates of the fluorescent photons of elements(for chemical characteriza-tion)and a radiographic grayscale image(for wood density)are obtained,i.e.the density and the element content are obtained.Then,cellulose is isolated from the 1-mm wood plate by removal of lignin,and hemicellulose.After producing this cellulose plate,cellulose subsamples are separated by knife under the microscope for inter-annual and intra-annual stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)analysis.Based on this method,RW,density,elemental composition,δ^(13)C,and δ^(18)O can be measured from the same sample,which reduces sample amount and treatment time,and is helpful for multi-proxy comparison and combination research.展开更多
On triangle or quadrilateral meshes, two finite element methods are proposed for solving the Reissner-Mindlin plate problem either by augmenting the Galerkin formulation or modifying the plate-thickness. In these meth...On triangle or quadrilateral meshes, two finite element methods are proposed for solving the Reissner-Mindlin plate problem either by augmenting the Galerkin formulation or modifying the plate-thickness. In these methods, the transverse displacement is approximated by conforming （bi）linear macroelements or （bi）quadratic elements, and the rotation by conforming （bi）linear elements. The shear stress can be locally computed from transverse displacement and rotation. Uniform in plate thickness, optimal error bounds are obtained for the transverse displacement, rotation, and shear stress in their natural norms. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the theoretical results.展开更多
Element superconductors with the single atoms provide clean and fundamental platforms for studying superconductivity.Although elements with d electrons are usually not favored by conventional BCS,the record supercondu...Element superconductors with the single atoms provide clean and fundamental platforms for studying superconductivity.Although elements with d electrons are usually not favored by conventional BCS,the record superconducting critical temperature(T_(c))in element scandium(S_(c))has further ignited the intensive attention on transition metals.The element molybdenum(M_o)with a half-full d-orbital is studied in our work,which fills the gap in the study of Mo under high pressure and investigates the pressure dependence of superconductivity.In this work,we exhibit a robust superconductivity of Mo in the pressure range of 5 GPa to 160 GPa via high-pressure electrical transport measurements,the T_(c) varies at a rate of0.013 K/GPa to 8.56 K at 160 GPa.Moreover,the superconductivity is evidenced by the T_(c) shifting to lower temperature under applied magnetic fields,and the upper critical magnetic fields are extrapolated by the WHH equation and GL equation;the results indicate that the maximum upper critical magnetic field is estimated to be 8.24 T at 137 GPa.We further investigate the superconducting mechanism of Mo,the theoretical calculations indicate that the superconductivity can be attributed to the strong coupling between the electrons from the partially filled d band and the phonons from the frequency zone of 200-400 cm^(-1).展开更多
Recently,high temperature(T_(c)≈80 K)superconductivity(SC)has been discovered in La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)(LNO)under pressure.This raises the question of whether the superconducting transition temperature T_(c) could be furt...Recently,high temperature(T_(c)≈80 K)superconductivity(SC)has been discovered in La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)(LNO)under pressure.This raises the question of whether the superconducting transition temperature T_(c) could be further enhanced under suitable conditions.One possible route for achieving higher T_(c) is element substitution.Similar SC could appear in the Fmmm phase of rare-earth(RE)R_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)(RNO,R=RE element)material series under suitable pressure.The electronic properties in the RNO materials are dominated by the Ni 3d orbitals in the bilayer NiO_(2) plane.In the strong coupling limit,the SC could be fully characterized by a bilayer single 3d_(x^(2)−y^(2))-orbital t–J‖–J⊥ model.With RE element substitution from La to other RE element,the lattice constant of the Fmmm RNO material decreases,and the resultant electronic hopping integral increases,leading to stronger superexchanges between the 3d_(x^(2)−y^(2)) orbitals.Based on the slave-boson mean-field theory,we explore the pairing nature and the evolution of T_(c) in RNO materials under pressure.Consequently,it is found that the element substitution does not alter the pairing nature,i.e.,the inter-layer s-wave pairing is always favored in the superconducting RNO under pressure.However,the T_(c) increases from La to Sm,and a nearly doubled T_(c) could be realized in SmNO under pressure.This work provides evidence for possible higher T_(c) R_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) materials,which may be realized in further experiments.展开更多
For singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems,supercloseness analysis of the finite element method is still open on Bakhvalov-type meshes,especially in the case of 2D.The difficulties arise from the width of ...For singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems,supercloseness analysis of the finite element method is still open on Bakhvalov-type meshes,especially in the case of 2D.The difficulties arise from the width of the mesh in the layer adjacent to the transition point,resulting in a suboptimal estimate for convergence.Existing analysis techniques cannot handle these difficulties well.To fill this gap,here a novel interpolation is designed delicately for the smooth part of the solution,bringing about the optimal supercloseness result of almost order 2 under an energy norm for the finite element method.Our theoretical result is uniform in the singular perturbation parameterεand is supported by the numerical experiments.展开更多
The article introduces a finite element procedure using the bilinear quadrilateral element or four-node rectangular element(namely Q4 element) based on a refined first-order shear deformation theory(rFSDT) and Monte C...The article introduces a finite element procedure using the bilinear quadrilateral element or four-node rectangular element(namely Q4 element) based on a refined first-order shear deformation theory(rFSDT) and Monte Carlo simulation(MCS), so-called refined stochastic finite element method to investigate the random vibration of functionally graded material(FGM) plates subjected to the moving load.The advantage of the proposed method is to use r-FSDT to improve the accuracy of classical FSDT, satisfy the stress-free condition at the plate boundaries, and combine with MCS to analyze the vibration of the FGM plate when the parameter inputs are random quantities following a normal distribution. The obtained results show that the distribution characteristics of the vibration response of the FGM plate depend on the standard deviation of the input parameters and the velocity of the moving load.Furthermore, the numerical results in this study are expected to contribute to improving the understanding of FGM plates subjected to moving loads with uncertain input parameters.展开更多
Cementitious gangue-fly ash backfill(CGB)is used as a green mining technology worldwide.However,under the coupled effects of geological stress and groundwater,the metal elements in the CGB tend to migrate into nearby ...Cementitious gangue-fly ash backfill(CGB)is used as a green mining technology worldwide.However,under the coupled effects of geological stress and groundwater,the metal elements in the CGB tend to migrate into nearby strata,which can consequently result in pollution of the groundwater environment.In this paper,the influence of initial pH and stress damage on the migration behavior of metal elements in CGB is quantitatively studied through the multi-physical field coupling model of stress-permeability-con centration.The enhanced Nemerow index evaluation method is used to comprehensively evaluate the impact of these metal elements migration behaviors on the groundwater environment.The research results show that:(1)When the stress damage of the CGB increases from 0.76 to 0.95,the Darcy velocity at the bottom of the CGB first increases,then decreases,and finally stabilizes at 2.01×10^(-7)m/s.The longest time to reach the maximum Darcy velocity is 3 a.(2)When the damage of the CGB is 0.95,the farthest migration distances of Al,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ba,and Pb are 40.5,34.0,29.8,32.9,38.8 and 32.1 m,respectively.(3)The alkaline environment stimulates the migration of Al,Cr,Fe,Mn,and Pb,whereas Ba migrates farther under acidic conditions.The farthest migration distance of Ba is 31.6 m under pH 3.(4)The enhanced Nemerow index indicates that when stress damage increases from 0.76 to 0.95,the areas with poor water quality increase from 0 to 1.71%,and no area is classified as very poor grade.When the initial pH changes from 3 to 11,100%of the region is classified as fair or above.The initial pH of the CGB has a relatively slight influence on the groundwater environment.This study provides experimental data and theoretical basis for the environmental evaluation of CGB.展开更多
Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacteriaceae critically threaten duck farming and public health.The phenotypes,genotypes,and associated mobile genetic elements(MGEs)of MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 6 duck farms i...Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacteriaceae critically threaten duck farming and public health.The phenotypes,genotypes,and associated mobile genetic elements(MGEs)of MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 6 duck farms in Zhejiang Province,China,were investigated.A total of 215 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli(64.65%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.09%),Proteus mirabilis(10.23%),Salmonella(8.84%),and Enterobacter cloacae(4.19%).Meanwhile,all isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics.Most isolates carried tet(A)(85.12%),blaTEM(78.60%)and sul1(67.44%)resistance genes.Gene co-occurrence analysis showed that the resistance genes were associated with IS26 and integrons.A conjugative IncFII plasmid pSDM004 containing all the above MGEs was detected in Proteus mirabilis isolate SDM004.This isolate was resistant to 18 antibiotics and carried the blaNDM-5 gene.MGEs,especially plasmids,are the primary antibiotic resistance gene transmission route in duck farms.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of antibiotics in farms which are substantial for evaluating public health and food safety.展开更多
At the first time,the finite element method was used to model and analyze the free vibration and transient response of non-uniform thickness bi-directional functionally graded sandwich porous(BFGSP)skew plates.The who...At the first time,the finite element method was used to model and analyze the free vibration and transient response of non-uniform thickness bi-directional functionally graded sandwich porous(BFGSP)skew plates.The whole BFGSP skew-plates is placed on a variable visco-elastic foundation(VEF)in the hygro-thermal environment and subjected to the blast load.The BFGSP skew-plate thickness is permitted to vary non-linearly over both the length and width of the skew-plate,thereby faithfully representing the real behavior of the structure itself.The analysis is based on a four-node planar quadrilateral element with eight degrees of freedom per node,which is approximated using Lagrange Q_(4)shape function and C^(1)level non-conforming Hermite shape function based on refined higher-order shear deformation plate theory.The forced vibration parameters of the non-uniform thickness BFGSP skew-plate are fully determined using Hamilton's principle and the Newmark-βdirect integration technique.Accuracy of the calculation program is validated by comparing its numerical results with those from reputable sources.Furthermore,a thorough assessment is conducted to determine the impact of various parameters on the free and forced vibration responses of the non-uniform thickness BFGSP skew-plate.The findings of the paper may be used in the development of civil and military structures in situations that are prone to exceptional forces,such as explosions and impacts load.展开更多
In polar regions, floating ice exhibits distinct characteristics across a range of spatial scales. It is well recognized that the irregular geometry of these ice formations markedly influences their dynamic behavior. ...In polar regions, floating ice exhibits distinct characteristics across a range of spatial scales. It is well recognized that the irregular geometry of these ice formations markedly influences their dynamic behavior. This study introduces a polyhedral Discrete Element Method (DEM) tailored for polar ice, incorporating the Gilbert-Johnson-Keerthi (GJK) and Expanding Polytope Algorithm (EPA) for contact detection. This approach facilitates the simulation of the drift and collision processes of floating ice, effectively capturing its freezing and fragmentation. Subsequently, the stability and reli ability of this model are validated by uniaxial compression on level ice fields, focusing specifically on the influence of compression strength on deformation resistance. Additionally, clusters of ice floes nav igating through narrow channels are simulated. These studies have qualitatively assessed the effects of Floe Size Distribution (FSD), initial concentration, and circularity on their flow dynamics. The higher power-law exponent values in the FSD, increased circularity, and decreased concentration are each as sociated with accelerated flow in ice floe fields. The simulation results distinctly demonstrate the con siderable impact of sea ice geometry on the movement of clusters, offering valuable insights into the complexities of polar ice dynamics.展开更多
In generator design field,waveform total harmonic distortion(THD)and telephone harmonic factor(THF)are parameters commonly used to measure the impact of generator no-load voltage harmonics on the power communication q...In generator design field,waveform total harmonic distortion(THD)and telephone harmonic factor(THF)are parameters commonly used to measure the impact of generator no-load voltage harmonics on the power communication quality.Tubular hydrogenerators are considered the optimal generator for exploiting low-head,high-flow hydro resources,and they have seen increasingly widespread application in China's power systems recent years.However,owing to the compact and constrained internal space of such generators,their internal magnetic-field harmonics are pronounced.Therefore,accurate calculation of their THD and THF is crucial during the analysis and design stages to ensure the quality of power communication.Especially in the electromagnetic field finite element modeling analysis of such generators,the type and order of the finite element meshes may have a significant impact on the THD and THF calculation results,which warrants in-depth research.To address this,this study takes a real 34 MW large tubular hydrogenerator as an example,and establishes its electromagnetic field finite element model under no-load conditions.Two types of meshes,five mesh densities,and two mesh orders are analyzed to reveal the effect of electromagnetic field finite element mesh types and orders on the calculation results of THD and THF for such generators.展开更多
A computational framework for parachute inflation is developed based on the immersed boundary/finite element approach within the open-source IBAMR library.The fluid motion is solved by Peskin's diffuse-interface i...A computational framework for parachute inflation is developed based on the immersed boundary/finite element approach within the open-source IBAMR library.The fluid motion is solved by Peskin's diffuse-interface immersed boundary(IB)method,which is attractive for simulating moving-boundary flows with large deformations.The adaptive mesh refinement technique is employed to reduce the computational cost while retain the desired resolution.The dynamic response of the parachute is solved with the finite element approach.The canopy and cables of the parachute system are modeled with the hyperelastic material.A tether force is introduced to impose rigidity constraints for the parachute system.The accuracy and reliability of the present framework is validated by simulating inflation of a constrained square plate.Application of the present framework on several canonical cases further demonstrates its versatility for simulation of parachute inflation.展开更多
The facies distribution of a reservoir is one of the biggest concerns for geologists,geophysicists,reservoir modelers,and reservoir engineers due to its high importance in the setting of any reliable decisionmaking/op...The facies distribution of a reservoir is one of the biggest concerns for geologists,geophysicists,reservoir modelers,and reservoir engineers due to its high importance in the setting of any reliable decisionmaking/optimization of field development planning.The approach for parameterizing the facies distribution as a random variable comes naturally through using the probability fields.Since the prior probability fields of facies come either from a seismic inversion or from other sources of geologic information,they are not conditioned to the data observed from the cores extracted from the wells.This paper presents a regularized element-free Galerkin(R-EFG)method for conditioning facies probability fields to facies observation.The conditioned probability fields respect all the conditions of the probability theory(i.e.all the values are between 0 and 1,and the sum of all fields is a uniform field of 1).This property achieves by an optimization procedure under equality and inequality constraints with the gradient projection method.The conditioned probability fields are further used as the input in the adaptive pluri-Gaussian simulation(APS)methodology and coupled with the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation(ES-MDA)for estimation and uncertainty quantification of the facies distribution.The history-matching of the facies models shows a good estimation and uncertainty quantification of facies distribution,a good data match and prediction capabilities.展开更多
Nucleotide changes in gene regulatory elements are important determinants of neuronal development and diseases.Using massively parallel reporter assays in primary human cells from mid-gestation cortex and cerebral org...Nucleotide changes in gene regulatory elements are important determinants of neuronal development and diseases.Using massively parallel reporter assays in primary human cells from mid-gestation cortex and cerebral organoids,we interrogated the cis-regulatory activity of 102,767 open chromatin regions,including thousands of sequences with cell type-specific accessibility and variants associated with brain gene regulation.In primary cells,we identified 46,802 active enhancer sequences and 164 variants that alter enhancer activity.Activity was comparable in organoids and primary cells,suggesting that organoids provide an adequate model for the developing cortex.Using deep learning we decoded the sequence basis and upstream regulators of enhancer activity.This work establishes a comprehensive catalog of functional gene regulatory elements and variants in human neuronal development.展开更多
The precipitation distribution quantity of canopy in broadleaved/Korean pine forest was measured during the growing season (Jun.–Sept.) in 2001 in the Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, P. R. China. Results indicated...The precipitation distribution quantity of canopy in broadleaved/Korean pine forest was measured during the growing season (Jun.–Sept.) in 2001 in the Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, P. R. China. Results indicated that the amounts of stemflow, throughfall, and interception were 37.39, 322.12 and 109.69 mm, accounting for 7.97%, 68.65% and 23.38% of the total rainfall, respectively. The rate of stemflow was higher in Jul. and Aug. than other months. The rate of throughfall dropped off from Jun. to Sept., however, rate of interception changed contrarily from 19.43% to 31.02% during the growing season. According to our analysis, the concentration of nutrient elements were arranged as Ca>Mg>N>K>Fe>P>Cu>Mn for rainfall, K>N>Mg>Ca>P>Fe>Mn>Cu for throughfall, and Mn>P>K>Cu>Fe>N>Mg>Ca for being leached through canopy. Nutrients concentration in stewflow and throughfall changed significantly when rainfall passed canopy, and concentration of all elements increased except for Ca and Mg.展开更多
The equilibrium equations and the functional for tubing buckling in arbitrary straight wells are derived. The entire buckling process of tubing in deviated wells is analyzed for the first time by utilizing the finite ...The equilibrium equations and the functional for tubing buckling in arbitrary straight wells are derived. The entire buckling process of tubing in deviated wells is analyzed for the first time by utilizing the finite element method. The effects of gravity and torques on the buckling are included in the analyses and the calculated results are well compared with existing solutions. It is shown that the buckling only occurs at the lower portion of the tubing where the axial load is the largest, and the contact force of the well, the bending moment of the tubing and the buckling displacement of this portion vary periodically. The buckling spreads upwards from the bit with the increase of axial load. There is no buckling at the upper portion of the tubing where the bending moment is zero. And the contact force of this section increases only slightly with the increase of the axial load. With the increase of the deviation angle, the length of buckling portion and buckling displacement amplitude decrease, the contact force increases with the increase of load at the upper portion and its amplitude decreases at the lower buckling section, the bending moment remains zero at the upper portion and its amplitude decreases at the lower buckling portion. The buckling displacement increases with the increase of the torque, but the increment is very small.展开更多
A discontinuous Galerkin finite element method （DG-FEM） is developed for solving the axisymmetric Euler equations based on two-dimensional conservation laws. The method is used to simulate the unsteady-state underex...A discontinuous Galerkin finite element method （DG-FEM） is developed for solving the axisymmetric Euler equations based on two-dimensional conservation laws. The method is used to simulate the unsteady-state underexpanded axisymmetric jet. Several flow property distributions along the jet axis, including density, pres- sure and Mach number are obtained and the qualitative flowfield structures of interest are well captured using the proposed method, including shock waves, slipstreams, traveling vortex ring and multiple Mach disks. Two Mach disk locations agree well with computational and experimental measurement results. It indicates that the method is robust and efficient for solving the unsteady-state underexpanded axisymmetric jet.展开更多
文摘Recent advancements in additive manufacturing(AM)have revolutionized the design and production of complex engineering microstructures.Despite these advancements,their mathematical modeling and computational analysis remain significant challenges.This research aims to develop an effective computational method for analyzing the free vibration of functionally graded(FG)microplates under high temperatures while resting on a Pasternak foundation(PF).This formulation leverages a new thirdorder shear deformation theory(new TSDT)for improved accuracy without requiring shear correction factors.Additionally,the modified couple stress theory(MCST)is incorporated to account for sizedependent effects in microplates.The PF is characterized by two parameters including spring stiffness(k_(w))and shear layer stiffness(k_(s)).To validate the proposed method,the results obtained are compared with those of the existing literature.Furthermore,numerical examples explore the influence of various factors on the high-temperature free vibration of FG microplates.These factors include the length scale parameter(l),geometric dimensions,material properties,and the presence of the elastic foundation.The findings significantly enhance our comprehension of the free vibration of FG microplates in high thermal environments.In addition,the findings significantly enhance our comprehension of the free vibration of FG microplates in high thermal environments.In addition,the results of this research will have great potential in military and defense applications such as components of submarines,fighter aircraft,and missiles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11871312,12131014)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2023MA086)。
文摘A bicubic B-spline finite element method is proposed to solve optimal control problems governed by fourth-order semilinear parabolic partial differential equations.Its key feature is the selection of bicubic B-splines as trial functions to approximate the state and costate variables in two space dimensions.A Crank-Nicolson difference scheme is constructed for time discretization.The resulting numerical solutions belong to C2in space,and the order of the coefficient matrix is low.Moreover,the Bogner-Fox-Schmit element is considered for comparison.Two numerical experiments demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42022059,41888101)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,China (Grant No.XDB26020000)+1 种基金the Key Research Program of the Institute of Geology and Geophysics (CAS Grant IGGCAS-201905)the CAS Youth Interdisciplinary Team (JCTD-2021-05).
文摘Tree-ring width(RW),density,elemental com-position,and stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)are widely used as proxies to assess climate change,ecology,and environmental pollution;however,a specific pretreat-ment has been needed for each proxy.Here,we developed a method by which each proxy can be measured in the same sample.First,the sample is polished for ring width meas-urement.After obtaining the ring width data,the sample is cut to form a 1-mm-thick wood plate.The sample is then mounted in a vertical sample holder,and gradually scanned by an X-ray beam.Simultaneously,the count rates of the fluorescent photons of elements(for chemical characteriza-tion)and a radiographic grayscale image(for wood density)are obtained,i.e.the density and the element content are obtained.Then,cellulose is isolated from the 1-mm wood plate by removal of lignin,and hemicellulose.After producing this cellulose plate,cellulose subsamples are separated by knife under the microscope for inter-annual and intra-annual stable carbon and oxygen isotope(δ^(13)C,δ^(18)O)analysis.Based on this method,RW,density,elemental composition,δ^(13)C,and δ^(18)O can be measured from the same sample,which reduces sample amount and treatment time,and is helpful for multi-proxy comparison and combination research.
基金supported by NSFC(11571266,91430106,11171168,11071132)NSFC-RGC(China-Hong Kong)(11661161017)
文摘On triangle or quadrilateral meshes, two finite element methods are proposed for solving the Reissner-Mindlin plate problem either by augmenting the Galerkin formulation or modifying the plate-thickness. In these methods, the transverse displacement is approximated by conforming （bi）linear macroelements or （bi）quadratic elements, and the rotation by conforming （bi）linear elements. The shear stress can be locally computed from transverse displacement and rotation. Uniform in plate thickness, optimal error bounds are obtained for the transverse displacement, rotation, and shear stress in their natural norms. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the theoretical results.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2022YFA1405500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.52372257 and 52072188)+1 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (Grant No.IRT-15R23)the Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Team (Grant No.2021R01004)。
文摘Element superconductors with the single atoms provide clean and fundamental platforms for studying superconductivity.Although elements with d electrons are usually not favored by conventional BCS,the record superconducting critical temperature(T_(c))in element scandium(S_(c))has further ignited the intensive attention on transition metals.The element molybdenum(M_o)with a half-full d-orbital is studied in our work,which fills the gap in the study of Mo under high pressure and investigates the pressure dependence of superconductivity.In this work,we exhibit a robust superconductivity of Mo in the pressure range of 5 GPa to 160 GPa via high-pressure electrical transport measurements,the T_(c) varies at a rate of0.013 K/GPa to 8.56 K at 160 GPa.Moreover,the superconductivity is evidenced by the T_(c) shifting to lower temperature under applied magnetic fields,and the upper critical magnetic fields are extrapolated by the WHH equation and GL equation;the results indicate that the maximum upper critical magnetic field is estimated to be 8.24 T at 137 GPa.We further investigate the superconducting mechanism of Mo,the theoretical calculations indicate that the superconductivity can be attributed to the strong coupling between the electrons from the partially filled d band and the phonons from the frequency zone of 200-400 cm^(-1).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12234016,12174317,and 12074031)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation.
文摘Recently,high temperature(T_(c)≈80 K)superconductivity(SC)has been discovered in La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)(LNO)under pressure.This raises the question of whether the superconducting transition temperature T_(c) could be further enhanced under suitable conditions.One possible route for achieving higher T_(c) is element substitution.Similar SC could appear in the Fmmm phase of rare-earth(RE)R_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)(RNO,R=RE element)material series under suitable pressure.The electronic properties in the RNO materials are dominated by the Ni 3d orbitals in the bilayer NiO_(2) plane.In the strong coupling limit,the SC could be fully characterized by a bilayer single 3d_(x^(2)−y^(2))-orbital t–J‖–J⊥ model.With RE element substitution from La to other RE element,the lattice constant of the Fmmm RNO material decreases,and the resultant electronic hopping integral increases,leading to stronger superexchanges between the 3d_(x^(2)−y^(2)) orbitals.Based on the slave-boson mean-field theory,we explore the pairing nature and the evolution of T_(c) in RNO materials under pressure.Consequently,it is found that the element substitution does not alter the pairing nature,i.e.,the inter-layer s-wave pairing is always favored in the superconducting RNO under pressure.However,the T_(c) increases from La to Sm,and a nearly doubled T_(c) could be realized in SmNO under pressure.This work provides evidence for possible higher T_(c) R_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7) materials,which may be realized in further experiments.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11771257)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(ZR2023YQ002,ZR2023MA007,ZR2021MA004)。
文摘For singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems,supercloseness analysis of the finite element method is still open on Bakhvalov-type meshes,especially in the case of 2D.The difficulties arise from the width of the mesh in the layer adjacent to the transition point,resulting in a suboptimal estimate for convergence.Existing analysis techniques cannot handle these difficulties well.To fill this gap,here a novel interpolation is designed delicately for the smooth part of the solution,bringing about the optimal supercloseness result of almost order 2 under an energy norm for the finite element method.Our theoretical result is uniform in the singular perturbation parameterεand is supported by the numerical experiments.
文摘The article introduces a finite element procedure using the bilinear quadrilateral element or four-node rectangular element(namely Q4 element) based on a refined first-order shear deformation theory(rFSDT) and Monte Carlo simulation(MCS), so-called refined stochastic finite element method to investigate the random vibration of functionally graded material(FGM) plates subjected to the moving load.The advantage of the proposed method is to use r-FSDT to improve the accuracy of classical FSDT, satisfy the stress-free condition at the plate boundaries, and combine with MCS to analyze the vibration of the FGM plate when the parameter inputs are random quantities following a normal distribution. The obtained results show that the distribution characteristics of the vibration response of the FGM plate depend on the standard deviation of the input parameters and the velocity of the moving load.Furthermore, the numerical results in this study are expected to contribute to improving the understanding of FGM plates subjected to moving loads with uncertain input parameters.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52274149 and 52474162)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.2024JCCXNY04 and 2023YQTD02)+1 种基金the Ph.D.Top Innovative Talents Fund of CUMTB(No.BBJ2024013)the Yue Qi Young Scholar Project(No.2020QN03)。
文摘Cementitious gangue-fly ash backfill(CGB)is used as a green mining technology worldwide.However,under the coupled effects of geological stress and groundwater,the metal elements in the CGB tend to migrate into nearby strata,which can consequently result in pollution of the groundwater environment.In this paper,the influence of initial pH and stress damage on the migration behavior of metal elements in CGB is quantitatively studied through the multi-physical field coupling model of stress-permeability-con centration.The enhanced Nemerow index evaluation method is used to comprehensively evaluate the impact of these metal elements migration behaviors on the groundwater environment.The research results show that:(1)When the stress damage of the CGB increases from 0.76 to 0.95,the Darcy velocity at the bottom of the CGB first increases,then decreases,and finally stabilizes at 2.01×10^(-7)m/s.The longest time to reach the maximum Darcy velocity is 3 a.(2)When the damage of the CGB is 0.95,the farthest migration distances of Al,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ba,and Pb are 40.5,34.0,29.8,32.9,38.8 and 32.1 m,respectively.(3)The alkaline environment stimulates the migration of Al,Cr,Fe,Mn,and Pb,whereas Ba migrates farther under acidic conditions.The farthest migration distance of Ba is 31.6 m under pH 3.(4)The enhanced Nemerow index indicates that when stress damage increases from 0.76 to 0.95,the areas with poor water quality increase from 0 to 1.71%,and no area is classified as very poor grade.When the initial pH changes from 3 to 11,100%of the region is classified as fair or above.The initial pH of the CGB has a relatively slight influence on the groundwater environment.This study provides experimental data and theoretical basis for the environmental evaluation of CGB.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172188)Science and Technology Cooperation Project of ZheJiang Province(2023SNJF058-3)。
文摘Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacteriaceae critically threaten duck farming and public health.The phenotypes,genotypes,and associated mobile genetic elements(MGEs)of MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 6 duck farms in Zhejiang Province,China,were investigated.A total of 215 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli(64.65%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.09%),Proteus mirabilis(10.23%),Salmonella(8.84%),and Enterobacter cloacae(4.19%).Meanwhile,all isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics.Most isolates carried tet(A)(85.12%),blaTEM(78.60%)and sul1(67.44%)resistance genes.Gene co-occurrence analysis showed that the resistance genes were associated with IS26 and integrons.A conjugative IncFII plasmid pSDM004 containing all the above MGEs was detected in Proteus mirabilis isolate SDM004.This isolate was resistant to 18 antibiotics and carried the blaNDM-5 gene.MGEs,especially plasmids,are the primary antibiotic resistance gene transmission route in duck farms.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of antibiotics in farms which are substantial for evaluating public health and food safety.
文摘At the first time,the finite element method was used to model and analyze the free vibration and transient response of non-uniform thickness bi-directional functionally graded sandwich porous(BFGSP)skew plates.The whole BFGSP skew-plates is placed on a variable visco-elastic foundation(VEF)in the hygro-thermal environment and subjected to the blast load.The BFGSP skew-plate thickness is permitted to vary non-linearly over both the length and width of the skew-plate,thereby faithfully representing the real behavior of the structure itself.The analysis is based on a four-node planar quadrilateral element with eight degrees of freedom per node,which is approximated using Lagrange Q_(4)shape function and C^(1)level non-conforming Hermite shape function based on refined higher-order shear deformation plate theory.The forced vibration parameters of the non-uniform thickness BFGSP skew-plate are fully determined using Hamilton's principle and the Newmark-βdirect integration technique.Accuracy of the calculation program is validated by comparing its numerical results with those from reputable sources.Furthermore,a thorough assessment is conducted to determine the impact of various parameters on the free and forced vibration responses of the non-uniform thickness BFGSP skew-plate.The findings of the paper may be used in the development of civil and military structures in situations that are prone to exceptional forces,such as explosions and impacts load.
文摘In polar regions, floating ice exhibits distinct characteristics across a range of spatial scales. It is well recognized that the irregular geometry of these ice formations markedly influences their dynamic behavior. This study introduces a polyhedral Discrete Element Method (DEM) tailored for polar ice, incorporating the Gilbert-Johnson-Keerthi (GJK) and Expanding Polytope Algorithm (EPA) for contact detection. This approach facilitates the simulation of the drift and collision processes of floating ice, effectively capturing its freezing and fragmentation. Subsequently, the stability and reli ability of this model are validated by uniaxial compression on level ice fields, focusing specifically on the influence of compression strength on deformation resistance. Additionally, clusters of ice floes nav igating through narrow channels are simulated. These studies have qualitatively assessed the effects of Floe Size Distribution (FSD), initial concentration, and circularity on their flow dynamics. The higher power-law exponent values in the FSD, increased circularity, and decreased concentration are each as sociated with accelerated flow in ice floe fields. The simulation results distinctly demonstrate the con siderable impact of sea ice geometry on the movement of clusters, offering valuable insights into the complexities of polar ice dynamics.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation,Youth Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51607146Sichuan Natural Sciences Fund,Grant/Award Number:2023NSFSC0295。
文摘In generator design field,waveform total harmonic distortion(THD)and telephone harmonic factor(THF)are parameters commonly used to measure the impact of generator no-load voltage harmonics on the power communication quality.Tubular hydrogenerators are considered the optimal generator for exploiting low-head,high-flow hydro resources,and they have seen increasingly widespread application in China's power systems recent years.However,owing to the compact and constrained internal space of such generators,their internal magnetic-field harmonics are pronounced.Therefore,accurate calculation of their THD and THF is crucial during the analysis and design stages to ensure the quality of power communication.Especially in the electromagnetic field finite element modeling analysis of such generators,the type and order of the finite element meshes may have a significant impact on the THD and THF calculation results,which warrants in-depth research.To address this,this study takes a real 34 MW large tubular hydrogenerator as an example,and establishes its electromagnetic field finite element model under no-load conditions.Two types of meshes,five mesh densities,and two mesh orders are analyzed to reveal the effect of electromagnetic field finite element mesh types and orders on the calculation results of THD and THF for such generators.
基金supported by the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Aerospace EDLA,CASC(No.EDL19092208)。
文摘A computational framework for parachute inflation is developed based on the immersed boundary/finite element approach within the open-source IBAMR library.The fluid motion is solved by Peskin's diffuse-interface immersed boundary(IB)method,which is attractive for simulating moving-boundary flows with large deformations.The adaptive mesh refinement technique is employed to reduce the computational cost while retain the desired resolution.The dynamic response of the parachute is solved with the finite element approach.The canopy and cables of the parachute system are modeled with the hyperelastic material.A tether force is introduced to impose rigidity constraints for the parachute system.The accuracy and reliability of the present framework is validated by simulating inflation of a constrained square plate.Application of the present framework on several canonical cases further demonstrates its versatility for simulation of parachute inflation.
文摘The facies distribution of a reservoir is one of the biggest concerns for geologists,geophysicists,reservoir modelers,and reservoir engineers due to its high importance in the setting of any reliable decisionmaking/optimization of field development planning.The approach for parameterizing the facies distribution as a random variable comes naturally through using the probability fields.Since the prior probability fields of facies come either from a seismic inversion or from other sources of geologic information,they are not conditioned to the data observed from the cores extracted from the wells.This paper presents a regularized element-free Galerkin(R-EFG)method for conditioning facies probability fields to facies observation.The conditioned probability fields respect all the conditions of the probability theory(i.e.all the values are between 0 and 1,and the sum of all fields is a uniform field of 1).This property achieves by an optimization procedure under equality and inequality constraints with the gradient projection method.The conditioned probability fields are further used as the input in the adaptive pluri-Gaussian simulation(APS)methodology and coupled with the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation(ES-MDA)for estimation and uncertainty quantification of the facies distribution.The history-matching of the facies models shows a good estimation and uncertainty quantification of facies distribution,a good data match and prediction capabilities.
文摘Nucleotide changes in gene regulatory elements are important determinants of neuronal development and diseases.Using massively parallel reporter assays in primary human cells from mid-gestation cortex and cerebral organoids,we interrogated the cis-regulatory activity of 102,767 open chromatin regions,including thousands of sequences with cell type-specific accessibility and variants associated with brain gene regulation.In primary cells,we identified 46,802 active enhancer sequences and 164 variants that alter enhancer activity.Activity was comparable in organoids and primary cells,suggesting that organoids provide an adequate model for the developing cortex.Using deep learning we decoded the sequence basis and upstream regulators of enhancer activity.This work establishes a comprehensive catalog of functional gene regulatory elements and variants in human neuronal development.
基金This paper was supported by Chinese Academy of Science (KZCX2-406) Institute of Applied Ecology (SCXZD0101)+1 种基金 Chinese Academy of Science Shenyang and the Open Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystem.
文摘The precipitation distribution quantity of canopy in broadleaved/Korean pine forest was measured during the growing season (Jun.–Sept.) in 2001 in the Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, P. R. China. Results indicated that the amounts of stemflow, throughfall, and interception were 37.39, 322.12 and 109.69 mm, accounting for 7.97%, 68.65% and 23.38% of the total rainfall, respectively. The rate of stemflow was higher in Jul. and Aug. than other months. The rate of throughfall dropped off from Jun. to Sept., however, rate of interception changed contrarily from 19.43% to 31.02% during the growing season. According to our analysis, the concentration of nutrient elements were arranged as Ca>Mg>N>K>Fe>P>Cu>Mn for rainfall, K>N>Mg>Ca>P>Fe>Mn>Cu for throughfall, and Mn>P>K>Cu>Fe>N>Mg>Ca for being leached through canopy. Nutrients concentration in stewflow and throughfall changed significantly when rainfall passed canopy, and concentration of all elements increased except for Ca and Mg.
文摘The equilibrium equations and the functional for tubing buckling in arbitrary straight wells are derived. The entire buckling process of tubing in deviated wells is analyzed for the first time by utilizing the finite element method. The effects of gravity and torques on the buckling are included in the analyses and the calculated results are well compared with existing solutions. It is shown that the buckling only occurs at the lower portion of the tubing where the axial load is the largest, and the contact force of the well, the bending moment of the tubing and the buckling displacement of this portion vary periodically. The buckling spreads upwards from the bit with the increase of axial load. There is no buckling at the upper portion of the tubing where the bending moment is zero. And the contact force of this section increases only slightly with the increase of the axial load. With the increase of the deviation angle, the length of buckling portion and buckling displacement amplitude decrease, the contact force increases with the increase of load at the upper portion and its amplitude decreases at the lower buckling section, the bending moment remains zero at the upper portion and its amplitude decreases at the lower buckling portion. The buckling displacement increases with the increase of the torque, but the increment is very small.
文摘A discontinuous Galerkin finite element method （DG-FEM） is developed for solving the axisymmetric Euler equations based on two-dimensional conservation laws. The method is used to simulate the unsteady-state underexpanded axisymmetric jet. Several flow property distributions along the jet axis, including density, pres- sure and Mach number are obtained and the qualitative flowfield structures of interest are well captured using the proposed method, including shock waves, slipstreams, traveling vortex ring and multiple Mach disks. Two Mach disk locations agree well with computational and experimental measurement results. It indicates that the method is robust and efficient for solving the unsteady-state underexpanded axisymmetric jet.
