OBJECTIVE To investigate the damage effect and mechanisms of cyclophosphamide(CTX)and its active metabolite derivative 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide(4-HC)to human neuroblas⁃toma SH-SY5Y cells.METHODS SH-SY5Y cells wer...OBJECTIVE To investigate the damage effect and mechanisms of cyclophosphamide(CTX)and its active metabolite derivative 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide(4-HC)to human neuroblas⁃toma SH-SY5Y cells.METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CTX[0(cell control),0.01,0.1,1,5,10,20,40 and 80 mmol·L^(-1)]and 4-HC[0(cell control),0.01,0.1,1,5,10,20,40 and 80μmol·L^(-1)]for 48 h.Cell confluence and morphology were observed by the IncuCyte ZOOM system.Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay.Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)release was measured by LDH assay kit.SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CTX(0,1,5,10 and 20 mmol·L^(-1))and 4-HC(0,1,5,10 and 20μmol·L^(-1))for 48 h before cell proliferation was analyzed by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine(EdU)staining assay.Immunofluorescence was employed to assess the levels of the DNA double-strand break markerγ-H2AX and to evaluate changes in mitochondrial membrane potential.SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CTX(0,1,5 and 10 mmol·L^(-1))and 4-HC(0,1,5 and 10μmol·L^(-1))for 48 h,and the alterations in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation levels were analyzed using the Seahorse XFe96 Analyzer.RESULTS Compared with the cell control group,cell confluence and cell viability were significantly reduced in the CTX and 4-HC groups(P<0.01),and the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations(IC50)for CTX and 4-HC were 4.44 mmol·L^(-1) and 4.78μmol·L^(-1),respectively.The release rate of LDH was signif⁃icantly increased while the percentage of EdU+cells was significantly reduced in the CTX and 4-HC groups(P<0.01).The percentage ofγ-H2AX+cells was significantly increased and mitochondrial membrane potential significantly decreased in the CTX and 4-HC group(P<0.05).Treatment with CTX and 4-HC resulted in reduced levels of maximum glycolytic capacity,glycolytic reserve,maximal respi⁃ration,and ATP production(P<0.05).CONCLUSION CTX and 4-HC exert significant cytotoxic effects on SH-SY5Y cells by disrupting cell membrane structure,impeding cell proliferation,and reducing cell viability.The mechanisms underlying these effects may involve intracellular DNA damage,disturbance of energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction.展开更多
Systematic experiments about the antitumor effects of low energy laser irradiation combined with the traditional antitumor medicine of cyclophosphamide were conducted using the experimental model of mouse S180 ascite...Systematic experiments about the antitumor effects of low energy laser irradiation combined with the traditional antitumor medicine of cyclophosphamide were conducted using the experimental model of mouse S180 ascites sarcoma.The three groups of tumor bearing mice were irradiated upon the inner corners with the dosages of 11 00,14 67 and 22 00 J·cm -2 LELI respectively,and injected with CYT intraperitoneally to observe the changes of the survival time,the ascites growth speed,and the kinetic changes of immune functions.The survival times of the three groups of CYT/LELI combination were obviously longer than those of the tumor and CYT control groups.Correspondingly,the amounts of ascites,tumor cells densities and total tumor cells in CYT/LELI groups decreased significantly,while the death ratio of the tumor cells increased.Comparatively,the group of 22 00 J·cm -2 LELI combined with CYT showed the most ideal antitumor effects,and the life prolongation ratio was up to 53 20%.展开更多
目的建立毛细管电泳电化学技术(capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection,CE-ECD)检测人全血中同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)、半胱氨酸(cysteine,Cys)和还原型谷胱甘肽(reducedglutathione,GSH)的方法。考察缓冲...目的建立毛细管电泳电化学技术(capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection,CE-ECD)检测人全血中同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)、半胱氨酸(cysteine,Cys)和还原型谷胱甘肽(reducedglutathione,GSH)的方法。考察缓冲液的浓度、酸碱度、分离电压、进样时间和检测电压等参数对分离和检测的影响,确定最佳的实验条件。方法以直径为500μm的铂圆盘电极作为检测电极,用长度为50cm的熔融石英毛细管对一系列待检物标准溶液和人全血样本进行毛细管电泳电化学检测。结果在最优条件下,当电极电位为+1.05V(相对饱和甘汞电极)、分离电压为18kV时,Hcy、Cys和GSH于100mmol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.8)中在10min内获得理想分离。检测下限(S/N=3)在0.29～0.80μmol/L范围内,且在3倍数量级浓度范围内,3种组分的浓度与峰电流呈良好线性关系。对0.5mmol/L的混合标准溶液连续检测7次,Hcy、Cys和GSH峰高的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)分别为3.7%、3.1%和2.9%。结论 CE-ECD方法可对Hcy、Cys和GSH等3种生物活性巯基化合物进行高效分离及检测,具有分析速度快、成本低、灵敏度高、试剂及样品用量小等优点,因此在生物医药领域具有广泛的应用前景。本实验采用的铂圆盘电极具有污染少、重复性好的特点。展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the damage effect and mechanisms of cyclophosphamide(CTX)and its active metabolite derivative 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide(4-HC)to human neuroblas⁃toma SH-SY5Y cells.METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CTX[0(cell control),0.01,0.1,1,5,10,20,40 and 80 mmol·L^(-1)]and 4-HC[0(cell control),0.01,0.1,1,5,10,20,40 and 80μmol·L^(-1)]for 48 h.Cell confluence and morphology were observed by the IncuCyte ZOOM system.Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay.Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)release was measured by LDH assay kit.SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CTX(0,1,5,10 and 20 mmol·L^(-1))and 4-HC(0,1,5,10 and 20μmol·L^(-1))for 48 h before cell proliferation was analyzed by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine(EdU)staining assay.Immunofluorescence was employed to assess the levels of the DNA double-strand break markerγ-H2AX and to evaluate changes in mitochondrial membrane potential.SH-SY5Y cells were treated with CTX(0,1,5 and 10 mmol·L^(-1))and 4-HC(0,1,5 and 10μmol·L^(-1))for 48 h,and the alterations in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation levels were analyzed using the Seahorse XFe96 Analyzer.RESULTS Compared with the cell control group,cell confluence and cell viability were significantly reduced in the CTX and 4-HC groups(P<0.01),and the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations(IC50)for CTX and 4-HC were 4.44 mmol·L^(-1) and 4.78μmol·L^(-1),respectively.The release rate of LDH was signif⁃icantly increased while the percentage of EdU+cells was significantly reduced in the CTX and 4-HC groups(P<0.01).The percentage ofγ-H2AX+cells was significantly increased and mitochondrial membrane potential significantly decreased in the CTX and 4-HC group(P<0.05).Treatment with CTX and 4-HC resulted in reduced levels of maximum glycolytic capacity,glycolytic reserve,maximal respi⁃ration,and ATP production(P<0.05).CONCLUSION CTX and 4-HC exert significant cytotoxic effects on SH-SY5Y cells by disrupting cell membrane structure,impeding cell proliferation,and reducing cell viability.The mechanisms underlying these effects may involve intracellular DNA damage,disturbance of energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction.
文摘Systematic experiments about the antitumor effects of low energy laser irradiation combined with the traditional antitumor medicine of cyclophosphamide were conducted using the experimental model of mouse S180 ascites sarcoma.The three groups of tumor bearing mice were irradiated upon the inner corners with the dosages of 11 00,14 67 and 22 00 J·cm -2 LELI respectively,and injected with CYT intraperitoneally to observe the changes of the survival time,the ascites growth speed,and the kinetic changes of immune functions.The survival times of the three groups of CYT/LELI combination were obviously longer than those of the tumor and CYT control groups.Correspondingly,the amounts of ascites,tumor cells densities and total tumor cells in CYT/LELI groups decreased significantly,while the death ratio of the tumor cells increased.Comparatively,the group of 22 00 J·cm -2 LELI combined with CYT showed the most ideal antitumor effects,and the life prolongation ratio was up to 53 20%.
文摘目的建立毛细管电泳电化学技术(capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection,CE-ECD)检测人全血中同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)、半胱氨酸(cysteine,Cys)和还原型谷胱甘肽(reducedglutathione,GSH)的方法。考察缓冲液的浓度、酸碱度、分离电压、进样时间和检测电压等参数对分离和检测的影响,确定最佳的实验条件。方法以直径为500μm的铂圆盘电极作为检测电极,用长度为50cm的熔融石英毛细管对一系列待检物标准溶液和人全血样本进行毛细管电泳电化学检测。结果在最优条件下,当电极电位为+1.05V(相对饱和甘汞电极)、分离电压为18kV时,Hcy、Cys和GSH于100mmol/L的磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.8)中在10min内获得理想分离。检测下限(S/N=3)在0.29～0.80μmol/L范围内,且在3倍数量级浓度范围内,3种组分的浓度与峰电流呈良好线性关系。对0.5mmol/L的混合标准溶液连续检测7次,Hcy、Cys和GSH峰高的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD)分别为3.7%、3.1%和2.9%。结论 CE-ECD方法可对Hcy、Cys和GSH等3种生物活性巯基化合物进行高效分离及检测,具有分析速度快、成本低、灵敏度高、试剂及样品用量小等优点,因此在生物医药领域具有广泛的应用前景。本实验采用的铂圆盘电极具有污染少、重复性好的特点。
