Three kinds of new type solid strong acid catalysts S2O 2-8/ZrO2-Al2O3-M2O3（M=Cr,Ce,La） were prepared. Their crystal structure, surface area, acid strength and sulfur content were determined by means of XRD, BET, fl...Three kinds of new type solid strong acid catalysts S2O 2-8/ZrO2-Al2O3-M2O3（M=Cr,Ce,La） were prepared. Their crystal structure, surface area, acid strength and sulfur content were determined by means of XRD, BET, flow Hammett indicator method and chemical analysis. Their catalytic activities in esterification reaction of acetic acid with n-butanol were studied. The results showed that ZrO2 in the catalysts mainly in tetragonal phase and few in monoclinic phase. The tetragonal phase of ZrO2 and S2O 2-8 are the key factors that guarantee the catalytic activity. Incorporation of appropriate amounts of metallic oxides（Cr2O3,Ce2O3,La2O3） into the catalyst favors the stabilization of sulfur species and surface area, which increase the activity sites on the catalyst. The experimental results showed that three catalysts S2O 2-8/ZrO2-Al2O3（2%）-M2O3（1%）（M=Cr,Ce,La） had higher catalytic activity in mentioned esterification, with the conversion of acetic acid reached 96.8%, 95.7% and 96.1%, respectively. The preparation condition of the catalysts showed great influence on the catalytic activity.展开更多
文章采用恒界面法对乳化液膜分离Cr(Ⅲ)的液膜内相反萃步骤进行了研究,考察了搅拌速度、温度、界面面积、水相p H值、DEHPA[二(2-乙基己基)磷酸]浓度和络合物浓度对反萃速率的影响,得到反萃反应的动力学与热力学数据,并推导出反萃的反...文章采用恒界面法对乳化液膜分离Cr(Ⅲ)的液膜内相反萃步骤进行了研究,考察了搅拌速度、温度、界面面积、水相p H值、DEHPA[二(2-乙基己基)磷酸]浓度和络合物浓度对反萃速率的影响,得到反萃反应的动力学与热力学数据,并推导出反萃的反应机理。实验结果表明:搅拌速度大于0.45 m/s时出现与搅拌强度无关的化学反应控制"坪区",且反萃速率与界面面积成正比,此时反应属于扩散和化学反应共同控制,并且反应主要发生在相界面上;由温度与反萃速率的关系得知,该反萃反应是一个放热反应,反应的活化能Ea=24.25 k J/mol,焓变ΔH=-55.85 k J/mol,熵变ΔS=-566.37 J/mol,在T=308 K时ΔG=118.59 k J/mol;在控制步骤反应式中,DEHPA反应级数为0,络合物浓度和水相氢离子的反应级数为1,并推导出反萃反应的控制步骤的方程式为r=k0[Cr(OH)2HL2(o)][H+(w)]。展开更多
文摘Three kinds of new type solid strong acid catalysts S2O 2-8/ZrO2-Al2O3-M2O3（M=Cr,Ce,La） were prepared. Their crystal structure, surface area, acid strength and sulfur content were determined by means of XRD, BET, flow Hammett indicator method and chemical analysis. Their catalytic activities in esterification reaction of acetic acid with n-butanol were studied. The results showed that ZrO2 in the catalysts mainly in tetragonal phase and few in monoclinic phase. The tetragonal phase of ZrO2 and S2O 2-8 are the key factors that guarantee the catalytic activity. Incorporation of appropriate amounts of metallic oxides（Cr2O3,Ce2O3,La2O3） into the catalyst favors the stabilization of sulfur species and surface area, which increase the activity sites on the catalyst. The experimental results showed that three catalysts S2O 2-8/ZrO2-Al2O3（2%）-M2O3（1%）（M=Cr,Ce,La） had higher catalytic activity in mentioned esterification, with the conversion of acetic acid reached 96.8%, 95.7% and 96.1%, respectively. The preparation condition of the catalysts showed great influence on the catalytic activity.
文摘文章采用恒界面法对乳化液膜分离Cr(Ⅲ)的液膜内相反萃步骤进行了研究,考察了搅拌速度、温度、界面面积、水相p H值、DEHPA[二(2-乙基己基)磷酸]浓度和络合物浓度对反萃速率的影响,得到反萃反应的动力学与热力学数据,并推导出反萃的反应机理。实验结果表明:搅拌速度大于0.45 m/s时出现与搅拌强度无关的化学反应控制"坪区",且反萃速率与界面面积成正比,此时反应属于扩散和化学反应共同控制,并且反应主要发生在相界面上;由温度与反萃速率的关系得知,该反萃反应是一个放热反应,反应的活化能Ea=24.25 k J/mol,焓变ΔH=-55.85 k J/mol,熵变ΔS=-566.37 J/mol,在T=308 K时ΔG=118.59 k J/mol;在控制步骤反应式中,DEHPA反应级数为0,络合物浓度和水相氢离子的反应级数为1,并推导出反萃反应的控制步骤的方程式为r=k0[Cr(OH)2HL2(o)][H+(w)]。
