Amaranthus retroflexus L. is a serious and widespread malignant weed in soybean fields in Heilongjiang Province. Exploring the dormancy characteristics of A. retroflexus L. seeds and the physiological response of its ...Amaranthus retroflexus L. is a serious and widespread malignant weed in soybean fields in Heilongjiang Province. Exploring the dormancy characteristics of A. retroflexus L. seeds and the physiological response of its seedlings to acifluorfen sodium can provide a basis for further researches on its resistance mechanism. Using newly harvested and stored A. retroflexus L. seeds for one year as experimental materials, the effects of different concentrations of HCl, NaOH, water temperature, gibberellic acid(GA) and polyethylene glycol(PEG) on the dormancy and germination of A. retroflexus L. seeds were studied. The sensitivity of A. retroflexus L.to acifluorfen sodium was determined using bioassay. The effects on leaf chlorophyll content and target enzyme activity were studied at a normal dosage of 360 g a.i. hm^(-2) and a doubling dosage of 720 g a.i. hm^(-2) of acifluorfen sodium. Newly harvested seeds exhibiting dormancy were soaked in water of various temperatures and in different concentrations of NaOH and HCl, which were ineffective in breaking the seed dormancy. GA could break seed dormancy, and the highest seed germination rate reached 93.33% when they were soaked at 3 000 mg·L^(-1) for 72 h and 4 000 mg·L^(-1) for 48 h. The drought stress was simulated with a 15%-25% polyethylene glycol solution, which had no significant effect on the seed germination rate. The GR_(50) value of acifluorfen sodium for A. retroflexus L. was 705.7 g a.i. hm^(-2), which was 1.96 times the recommended dose in the field. After the application of different doses of acifluorfen sodium, the chlorophyll content of A. retroflexus L. reached its minimum value 3 days after treatment(DAT), and then gradually increased. The activity of the target enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase(PPO) reached the highest value at 7 DAT under different dosages, and gradually returned to normal levels thereafter. Soaking with gibberellin was an effective method to break seed dormancy. A. retroflexus L. seeds had certain drought resistance during the germination process. A. retroflexus L. was not sensitive to acifluorfen sodium and acifluorfen sodium ether, and could not effectively inhibit the PPO activity, indicating that A. retroflexus L. had target resistance to acifluorfen sodium.展开更多
为探索黑龙江省北部大豆主产区抗性反枝苋最佳防治方法,文章优选4种苗前封闭除草剂及4种苗后茎叶除草剂进行田间防效试验,分析不同药剂组合对反枝苋的防除效果。结果表明,苗前封闭处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)和30%丙炔氟草胺SC...为探索黑龙江省北部大豆主产区抗性反枝苋最佳防治方法,文章优选4种苗前封闭除草剂及4种苗后茎叶除草剂进行田间防效试验,分析不同药剂组合对反枝苋的防除效果。结果表明,苗前封闭处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)和30%丙炔氟草胺SC 51 g a.i./hm^(2)对反枝苋防效较高,施药45 d后,反枝苋防效为87.79%;苗后茎叶处理,250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS(科坦见露灵)750 g a.i./hm^(2)+助剂(伴豆一生)2000 m L/hm^(2)对反枝苋的防效较高,且持效期长;苗前封闭结合苗后茎叶处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)+30%丙炔氟草胺SC 51 g a.i./hm^(2)+250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS 500 g a.i./hm^(2)+480 g/L灭草松AS 1680 g a.i./hm^(2)+助剂(迪增)225 m L/hm^(2)对反枝苋的防效达93%,且持效期长。大豆田抗性反枝苋防控方法中,苗前封闭处理防效显著高于苗后茎叶处理。生产中建议以苗前封闭除草为主,结合苗后化学除草、轮作等措施综合防治反枝苋。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Major Special Project for the Cultivation of New Genetically Modified Biological Varieties(Topic ZX08011-003)。
文摘Amaranthus retroflexus L. is a serious and widespread malignant weed in soybean fields in Heilongjiang Province. Exploring the dormancy characteristics of A. retroflexus L. seeds and the physiological response of its seedlings to acifluorfen sodium can provide a basis for further researches on its resistance mechanism. Using newly harvested and stored A. retroflexus L. seeds for one year as experimental materials, the effects of different concentrations of HCl, NaOH, water temperature, gibberellic acid(GA) and polyethylene glycol(PEG) on the dormancy and germination of A. retroflexus L. seeds were studied. The sensitivity of A. retroflexus L.to acifluorfen sodium was determined using bioassay. The effects on leaf chlorophyll content and target enzyme activity were studied at a normal dosage of 360 g a.i. hm^(-2) and a doubling dosage of 720 g a.i. hm^(-2) of acifluorfen sodium. Newly harvested seeds exhibiting dormancy were soaked in water of various temperatures and in different concentrations of NaOH and HCl, which were ineffective in breaking the seed dormancy. GA could break seed dormancy, and the highest seed germination rate reached 93.33% when they were soaked at 3 000 mg·L^(-1) for 72 h and 4 000 mg·L^(-1) for 48 h. The drought stress was simulated with a 15%-25% polyethylene glycol solution, which had no significant effect on the seed germination rate. The GR_(50) value of acifluorfen sodium for A. retroflexus L. was 705.7 g a.i. hm^(-2), which was 1.96 times the recommended dose in the field. After the application of different doses of acifluorfen sodium, the chlorophyll content of A. retroflexus L. reached its minimum value 3 days after treatment(DAT), and then gradually increased. The activity of the target enzyme protoporphyrinogen oxidase(PPO) reached the highest value at 7 DAT under different dosages, and gradually returned to normal levels thereafter. Soaking with gibberellin was an effective method to break seed dormancy. A. retroflexus L. seeds had certain drought resistance during the germination process. A. retroflexus L. was not sensitive to acifluorfen sodium and acifluorfen sodium ether, and could not effectively inhibit the PPO activity, indicating that A. retroflexus L. had target resistance to acifluorfen sodium.
文摘为探索黑龙江省北部大豆主产区抗性反枝苋最佳防治方法,文章优选4种苗前封闭除草剂及4种苗后茎叶除草剂进行田间防效试验,分析不同药剂组合对反枝苋的防除效果。结果表明,苗前封闭处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)和30%丙炔氟草胺SC 51 g a.i./hm^(2)对反枝苋防效较高,施药45 d后,反枝苋防效为87.79%;苗后茎叶处理,250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS(科坦见露灵)750 g a.i./hm^(2)+助剂(伴豆一生)2000 m L/hm^(2)对反枝苋的防效较高,且持效期长;苗前封闭结合苗后茎叶处理,90%乙草胺EC 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)+30%丙炔氟草胺SC 51 g a.i./hm^(2)+250 g/L氟磺胺草醚AS 500 g a.i./hm^(2)+480 g/L灭草松AS 1680 g a.i./hm^(2)+助剂(迪增)225 m L/hm^(2)对反枝苋的防效达93%,且持效期长。大豆田抗性反枝苋防控方法中,苗前封闭处理防效显著高于苗后茎叶处理。生产中建议以苗前封闭除草为主,结合苗后化学除草、轮作等措施综合防治反枝苋。
