Uric acid(UA)is a naturally antioxidant that is strongly associated with the development and progression of Parkinson's disease(PD).The purine diet is an important exogenous pathway that modulates blood UA levels....Uric acid(UA)is a naturally antioxidant that is strongly associated with the development and progression of Parkinson's disease(PD).The purine diet is an important exogenous pathway that modulates blood UA levels.Deep brain stimulation(DBS)is an important tool for PD treatment.This study aimed to explore the effects of preoperative purine diet on the prognosis of patients with PD after DBS.Sixty-four patients with PD who underwent DBS were included in this study,and their clinical data,blood UA levels,and daily purine intake.Patients were followed up for improvement 1 year after surgery.We found that patient higher purine intake was strongly associated with the rate of improvement after DBS and was a protective factor for patient prognosis.Daily purine intake from meat and seafood was significantly higher in the responsive patients than in the lessresponsive patients.Mediation analysis showed that UA mediated 78%of the effect of purine intake on motor symptom improvement after DBS.In summary,we observed that purine intake is strongly associated with the rate of improvement in motor symptoms after subthalamic nucleus-DBS in patients with PD.This study provides a reference for preoperative diet planning in patients with PD undergoing DBS.展开更多
Emerging evidence supports that sleep disorders are the main risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease(AD),and iron dysregulation may be the link between them.Our previous studies have confirmed that ketogenic ...Emerging evidence supports that sleep disorders are the main risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease(AD),and iron dysregulation may be the link between them.Our previous studies have confirmed that ketogenic diet(KD)can prevent chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD.However,it is uncertain whether exogenous ketones supplements(EKS),as an alternative intervention,have the same effects as KD.Thus,we investigated the prophylactic efficiency of EKS on chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD and reveal the underlying mechanism focus on iron metabolism.We observed that the prophylactic efficacy of EKS against chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD was comparable to that of KD.Meanwhile,our results suggest that both EKS and KD inhibited iron metabolism disorder through regulation of iron metabolism-related proteins.Moreover,we found that both EKS and KD reduced hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction and iron-mediated lipid peroxides.Furthermore,EX527(silent information regulator 1(Sirt1)inhibitor),mostly abrogated these above protections of EKS,suggesting that the prophylactic effect of EKS on AD is partly dependent on Sirt1.Our findings provide novel evidence that EKS can be developed as functional foods to prevent or delay the development of AD,particularly in individuals with sleep disorders.展开更多
Parkinson's disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases.The loss of dopaminergic(DAergic)neurons in the substantia nigra and the decrease of dopamine(DA)levels accelerate the process of PD.L-Er...Parkinson's disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases.The loss of dopaminergic(DAergic)neurons in the substantia nigra and the decrease of dopamine(DA)levels accelerate the process of PD.L-Ergothioneine(EGT)is a natural antioxidant derived from microorganisms,especially in edible mushrooms.EGT can penetrate blood-brain barrier and its levels are significantly decreased in the plasma of PD patients.Therefore,we speculated that EGT could ameliorate PD,and determined its effect on PD development by using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced PD mouse models and neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP^(+))-induced cell models.Our results show that EGT alleviated MPTP-induced behavioral dysfunction in mice.Mechanistically,we innovatively revealed that EGT was a key regulator of DJ-1.EGT restored DA levels by activating the DJ-1-nuclear receptor-related factor 1(Nurr1)axis.Furthermore,it reduced reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels by regulating the DJ-1-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway,which inhibited oxidative stress-induced DAergic neuronal apoptosis.Combined treatment with DJ-1-si RNA transfection revealed that blocking DJ-1 reversed EGT upregulated Nurr1 and Nrf2 expression in the nucleus,which significantly decreased the benefits of EGT.Taken together,our study suggests that EGT can ameliorate PD and be considered as a strategy for PD treatment.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease with complex etiology.Gut microbiota influences the gutbrain axis,which may affect pathways related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.Additionally,di...Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease with complex etiology.Gut microbiota influences the gutbrain axis,which may affect pathways related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.Additionally,diet and physical activity are likely to affect the pathology of Alzheimer's disease as well as the gut microbiota.This demonstrates that it may be possible to prevent or halt the progression of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the gut microbiota using diet and physical activity strategies.Therefore,the present study reviews the association between these two interventions and gut microbiota in the human body.It also summarizes how these two interventions benefit Alzheimer's disease.Furthermore,the primary limitations of these two interventions are discussed and promising strategies are proposed,which may be beneficial to further study and develop the intervening measure for the progression of Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the major form of neurodegenerative diseases that can severely impede normal cognitive function,makes it one of the most common fatal diseases.There are currently over 50 million AD patients w...Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the major form of neurodegenerative diseases that can severely impede normal cognitive function,makes it one of the most common fatal diseases.There are currently over 50 million AD patients worldwide.The neuropathology of AD is perplexing and there is a scarcity of disease-modifying treatments.Currently,early diagnosis of AD has been made possible with the discovery of biological markers associated with pathology,providing strong support for the improvement of the disease status.The search for inhibitors of AD markers from dietary supplements(DSs)has become a major hot topic.Especially with the widespread use of DSs,DSs containing polyphenols,alkaloids,terpenes,polysaccharides and other bioactive components can prevent AD by reducing Aβdeposition,inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation,reconstructing synaptic dysfunction,weakening cholinesterase activity,regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress,neuronal inflammation and apoptosis.This review summarizes the anti-AD effects of the main DSs and their bioactive constituents,as well as the potential molecular mechanisms covers from 2017 to 2023.Additionally,we discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by DSs in the process of AD prevention and treatment,aiming to further provide new perspectives for functional food development.展开更多
The gut microbiota-brain axis has emerged as a novel target for Alzheimer's disease(AD),a neurodegenerative disease characterised by behavioural and cognitive impairment.However,most previous microbiome-based inte...The gut microbiota-brain axis has emerged as a novel target for Alzheimer's disease(AD),a neurodegenerative disease characterised by behavioural and cognitive impairment.However,most previous microbiome-based intervention studies have focused on single factors and yielded only modest cognitive improvements.Here,we proposed a multidomain intervention strategy that combined Bifidobacterium breve treatment with environmental enrichment(EE)training.In this study,we found that compared with EE or B.breve treatment alone,B.breve intervention combined with EE amplified its neuroprotective effects on AD mice,as reflected by improved cognition,inhibited neuroinflammation and enhanced synaptic function.Moreover,using microbiome and metabolome profiling,we found that the combination of B.breve and EE treatment restored AD-related gut microbiota dysbiosis and reversed microbial metabolite changes.Finally,by integrating behavioural and neurological data with metabolomic profiles,we revealed that the underlying mechanism may involve the modulation of microbiota-derived glutamine metabolism via gut-brain interactions.Collectively,combined B.breve intervention with EE treatment can alleviate AD-related cognitive impairment and improve brain function by regulating glutamine metabolism of the gut microbiome.Our findings provide a promising multidomain intervention strategy,with a combination of dietary microbiome-based and lifestyle-targeted interventions,to promote brain function and delay the progression of AD.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment.Many lines of evidence indicate that excessiveβ-amyloid peptide(Aβ)generation and aggrega...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment.Many lines of evidence indicate that excessiveβ-amyloid peptide(Aβ)generation and aggregation play pivotal roles in the initiation of AD,leading to various biochemical alteration including oxidative damage,mitochondrial dysfunction,neuroinflammation,signaling pathway and finally resulting in neuronal death.AD has a complex pathogenic mechanism,and a single-target approach for anti-AD strategy is thus full of challenges.To overcome these limitations,the present study focused to review on one of multiple target-compounds,(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)for the prevention and treatment of AD.EGCG is a main bioactive polyphenol in green tea and has been reported to exert potent neuroprotective properties in a wide array of both cellular and animal models in AD.This review demonstrated multiple neuroprotective efficacies of EGCG by focusing on the involvement of Aβ-evoked damage and its Aβregulation.Furthermore,to understand its mechanism of action on the brain,the permeability of the blood-brain barrier was also discussed.展开更多
Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis methods,therapeutic principles of intestinal Behcet's disease.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with confirmed intestinal Behcet's disease admitt...Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis methods,therapeutic principles of intestinal Behcet's disease.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with confirmed intestinal Behcet's disease admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 1998 to April 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The clinical courses of patients with intestinal Behcet's disease were from 26 days to 33 years,and the average duration was 6.32±1.01 years.The appearance of extra-gastrointestinal symptoms was significantly earlier than that of gastrointestinal symptoms(7.35±1.39 years vs.3.24±0.82 years,P<0.05).The predominant gastrointestinal manifestations were right lower quadrant pain(95.56%) and hematochezia or melena(40.00%).Misdiagnosis occurred in 17 cases.In patients without systemic medicine therapy before surgery,the incidence of postoperative infection of incision site and abdominal cavity was significantly higher than that in those undergoing systemic medicine therapy(80.00% vs.0%,P<0.05).Conclusions Because of the diversity of gastrointestinal manifestations,intestinal Behcet's disease is easily misdiagnosed.The systemic medical therapy before surgery could decrease the incidence of infection of incision and abdominal cavity.展开更多
Accurate identification of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and mild cognitive impairment （MCI） is crucial so as to improve diagnosis techniques and to better understand the neurodegenerative process. In this work, we ai...Accurate identification of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and mild cognitive impairment （MCI） is crucial so as to improve diagnosis techniques and to better understand the neurodegenerative process. In this work, we aim to apply the machine learning method to individual identification and identify the discriminate features associated with AD and MCI. Diffusion tensor imaging scans of 48 patients with AD, 39 patients with late MCI, 75 patients with early MCI, and 51 age-matched healthy controls （HCs） are acquired from the Alzheimer＇s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. In addition to the common fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity metrics, there are two novel metrics, named local diffusion homogeneity that used Spearman＇s rank correlation coefficient and Kendall＇s coefficient concordance, which are taken as classification metrics. The recursive feature elimination method for support vector machine （SVM） and logistic regression （LR） combined with leave-one-out cross validation are applied to determine the optimal feature dimensions. Then the SVM and LR methods perform the classification process and compare the classification performance. The results show that not only can the multi-type combined metrics obtain higher accuracy than the single metric, but also the SVM classifier with multi-type combined metrics has better classification performance than the LR classifier. Statistically, the average accuracy of the combined metric is more than 92% for all between-group comparisons of SVM classifier. In addition to the high recognition rate, significant differences are found in the statistical analysis of cognitive scores between groups. We further execute the permutation test, receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve to validate the robustness of the classifiers, and indicate that the SVM classifier is more stable and efficient than the LR classifier. Finally, the uncinated fasciculus, cingulum, corpus callosum, corona radiate, external capsule, and internal capsule have been regarded as the most important white matter tracts to identify AD, MCI, and HC. Our findings reveal a guidance role for machine-learning based image analysis on clinical diagnosis.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motorsigns, which begins long before the diagnosis can be made. Pharmacotherapy with dopaminergic drugsis the mainstay of...Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motorsigns, which begins long before the diagnosis can be made. Pharmacotherapy with dopaminergic drugsis the mainstay of PD therapy. There is no currently available cure or disease-modifying treatment. Dietand various foods have been proposed as possible risk factors for PD. Nutritional supplementation withomega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, B vitamins, and coenzyme Q may have potential in the management ofPD. In addition, several strategies could possibly lead to the development of medical foods in PD. Forexample, ketogenic diets may have effects complementary to pharmacotherapy. Gut microbial dysbiosisand altered microbial metabolites found in PD may lead to chronic low-grade inflammation in gut andbrain. Interventions targeting gut microbiota, such as the supplementation of probiotics, may providenovel approaches to PD in regard to both symptomatic treatment and disease modification. High qualityrandomized controlled trials need to be conducted in order to evaluate whether these food-basedstrategies have symptomatic efficacy or the potential to delay the progression of PD.展开更多
Objective To investigate the relationship of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and the gene polymorphisms of N5, N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) with Alzheimer’s diseas...Objective To investigate the relationship of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and the gene polymorphisms of N5, N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods Plasma Hcy levels were measured by means of high voltage capillary electrophoresis with ultra-violet detection, the polymorphisms of C677T in exon 4 of MTHFR gene and 844ins68 in exon 8 of CBS gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 105 AD patients and 102 non-AD controls. All controls were excluded from cardiocerebrovascular disorders and other diseases. Results The plasma Hcy level in AD patients (16.04 ± 3.84 μmol/L) was significantly higher than that in the controls(11.94 ± 3.87 μmol/L, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences of the genotype and allele frequencies of MTHFR C677T mutation and CBS 844ins68 mutation between the patients and controls. However, the T allele of MTHFR gene was found to relate with the plasma Hcy level increase in all subjects. Conclusion The elevated plasma Hcy level in AD patients is probably involved in the pathogenesis of AD, which may be due to the environmental factor rather than genetic factors of the mutations of MTHFR and CBS.展开更多
Given its increasing global prevalence,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)has become a major public health challenge worldwide.The symptomatic treatments available for AD have shown no significant efficacy,and no disease-modifyi...Given its increasing global prevalence,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)has become a major public health challenge worldwide.The symptomatic treatments available for AD have shown no significant efficacy,and no disease-modifying interventions are capable of slowing the progression of the disorder.The potential of lifestyle-related factors,including diet,is increasingly recognized as an important consideration in the primary prevention of AD.Numerous mechanisms potentially underlying neuroprotective effects of bioactive components contained in tea,such as(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate,as well as their preventive efficacy against AD,have been elucidated in preclinical studies.However,in contrast to the abundance of mechanistic findings in animals,clinical results demonstrating efficacy in humans are scarce.While epidemiological studies have provided some evidence indicating that green tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of age-related cognitive decline and AD,a causal relationship cannot be established on the basis of these observations.The clinical evidence regarding preventive or therapeutic effects of green tea and its bioactive components is unsatisfactory.A role of green tea in the prevention of AD cannot be recommended until well-designed,randomized,placebo-controlled clinical trials using standardized formulations confirm the purported beneficial effects of green tea.展开更多
Applications of multifractal analysis to white matter structure changes on magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） have recently received increasing attentions. Although some progresses have been made, there is no evident s...Applications of multifractal analysis to white matter structure changes on magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） have recently received increasing attentions. Although some progresses have been made, there is no evident study on applying multifractal analysis to evaluate the white matter structural changes on MRI for Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） research. In this paper, to explore multifractal analysis of white matter structural changes on 3D MRI volumes between normal aging and early AD, we not only extend the traditional box-counting multifractal analysis（BCMA） into the 3D case, but also propose a modified integer ratio based BCMA（IRBCMA） algorithm to compensate for the rigid division rule in BCMA. We verify multifractal characteristics in 3D white matter MRI volumes. In addition to the previously well studied multifractal feature,△α, we also demonstrated △ f as an alternative and effective multifractal feature to distinguish NC from AD subjects.Both △α and △ f are found to have strong positive correlation with the clinical MMSE scores with statistical significance.Moreover, the proposed IRBCMA can be an alternative and more accurate algorithm for 3D volume analysis. Our findings highlight the potential usefulness of multifractal analysis, which may contribute to clarify some aspects of the etiology of AD through detection of structural changes in white matter.展开更多
Purpose:Measuring the exact technology complementarity between different institutions is necessary to obtain complementary technology resources for R&D cooperation.Design/methodology/approach:This study constructs...Purpose:Measuring the exact technology complementarity between different institutions is necessary to obtain complementary technology resources for R&D cooperation.Design/methodology/approach:This study constructs a morphology-driven method for measuring technology complementarity,taking medical field as an example.First,we calculate semantic similarities between subjects(S and S)and action-objects(AO and AO)based on the Metathesaurus,forming clusters of S and AO based on a semantic similarity matrix.Second,we identify key technology issues and methods based on clusters of S and AO.Third,a technology morphology matrix of several dimensions is constructed using morphology analysis,and the matrix is filled with subjects-action-objects(SAO)structures according to corresponding key technology issues and methods for different institutions.Finally,the technology morphology matrix is used to measure the technology complementarity between different institutions based on SAO.Findings:The improved technology complementarity method based on SAO is more of a supplementary and refined framework for the traditional IPC method.Research limitations:In future studies we will reprocess and identify the SAO structures which were not in the technology morphology matrix,and find other methods to characterize key technical issues and methods.Furthermore,we will add the comparison between proposed method and traditional and mostly used complementarity measurement method based on industry chain and industry code.Practical implications:This study takes medical field as an example.The morphology-driven method for measuring technology complementarity can be migrated and applied for any given field.Originality/value:From the perspective of complementary technology resources,this study develops and tests a more accurate morphology-driven method for technology complementarity measurement.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by decline in cognitive functions and associated with the neuropathological hallmarks of amyloid-peptide plaques and neurofibrillary ta...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by decline in cognitive functions and associated with the neuropathological hallmarks of amyloid-peptide plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.Cerebral glucose uptake and metabolism deteriorate in AD and this hypometabolism precedes the onset of clinical signs in AD.The early decline in brain glucose metabolism in AD has become a potential target for therapeutic intervention.This has led to investigations assessing the supplementation of the normal glucose supply with ketone bodies which are produced by the body during glucose deprivation and can be metabolized by the brain when glucose utilization is impaired.The present review provides a synopsis of preclinical studies and clinical trials assessing the efficacy of ketogenic diets in the treatment of AD.Both the direct administration of ketone bodies and the use of high-fat,low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets have been shown to be efficacious in animal models of AD and clinical trials with AD patients.The mechanism underlying the efficacy of ketogenic diets remains unclear,but some evidence points to the normalization of aberrant energy metabolism.At present there is only limited evidence of the usefulness of ketogenic diets in AD.However,this dietary approach seems to be promising and deserves further clinical investigations.展开更多
Curculigoside(CCG)is a phenolic glycoside compound extracted from the root of a natural plant called Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.In this study,the neuroprotective effect of CCG through oxidative stress mediated mitoch...Curculigoside(CCG)is a phenolic glycoside compound extracted from the root of a natural plant called Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.In this study,the neuroprotective effect of CCG through oxidative stress mediated mitochondrial dysfunction on L-glutamate(L-Glu)-damaged hippocampal neuron cell line(HT22)and APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic(APP/PS1)mice were investigated.Observably,CCG in L-Glu-damaged HT22 cells suppressed apoptosis,reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species,balanced the mitochondrial membrane potential and prevented the over-influx of calcium.In APP/PS1 mice,4-week CCG administration significantly improved their memory and behavioral impairments,enhanced the function of cholinergic system,reduced the deposition of Aβand neurofibrillary fiber tangles caused by tau phosphorylation,and suppressed the development and progression of oxidative stress in brains of APP/PS1 mice.Based on the screening of proteomic analysis on hippocampus,CCG were confirmed that it could regulate the expression levels of proteins related to mitochondrial dysfunction,mainly through activating on AMPK/Nrf2 signaling,in APP/PS1 mice and L-Glu-exposed HT22 cells.CCG has a prominent neuroprotective effect on regulate the AMPK/Nrf2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in cells APP/PS1 mice support CCG is a potentially potent drug for AD treatment and merits further investigation.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most prevalent cause of dementia worldwide.Treatments achieving a marked improvement in symptoms or preventing or delaying the progression of the disease are not available.Various diet-r...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most prevalent cause of dementia worldwide.Treatments achieving a marked improvement in symptoms or preventing or delaying the progression of the disease are not available.Various diet-related risk factors for AD have been identified.Evidence for a protective effect of the Mediterranean diet on AD risk is inconclusive.Medical foods are designed to meet specific dietary needs for certain diseases.Improvements in symptomatology and regional brain atrophy in AD have been claimed for several medical foods,for example,those providing ketone bodies as alternative energy supply to neurons,those containing precursors believed to improve synaptic function,and those addressing oxidative stress related to memory loss.Many methodological shortcomings render the interpretation of the available findings of medical food trials in AD difficult.Optimal results of medical foods in AD may be expected when administered in presymptomatic or early stages of the disease.This requires the reliable identification of minimal neuropathological changes related to AD.The outcome measures currently used may not be able to detect subtle changes in cognition and function in early AD.Large-scale clinical studies using valid,sensitive,and reliable assessment tools are needed to establish the efficacy of medical foods in AD.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the prevalence and possible risk factors of Barrett＇s esophagus （BE） in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD） in Northwest China. Methods： Patients older than 18 years w...Objective： To investigate the prevalence and possible risk factors of Barrett＇s esophagus （BE） in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD） in Northwest China. Methods： Patients older than 18 years who underwent regular health check-up or had upper gastrointestinal symptoms in the endoscopy centers of four major teaching hospitals located in four different provinces of Northwest China from September 2008 to February 2009 were included in the study. A face-to-face reflux diagnostic questionnaire including risk factors were taken and scale scores （So） were accumulated. Diagnostic criterion of GERD was Sc≥12 points. None of these subjects received anti-acid medication prior to their endoscopy done. Barrett＇s esophagus was diagnosed when specialized intestinal metaplasia was detected histologically. Results： A total of 528 patients met the criteria of GERD, among which 32 patients （20 male and 12 female） were diagnosed with BE. BE was present in 6.06% with a mean age of 51.2±11.6 years, which was significantly older than patients with GERD without BE （46.6±13.3 years） （P〈0.05）. There weresignificant differences between BE and GERD patients regarding gender, age, hiatus hernia, smoking and alcohol consumption （P〈0.05）, while no significant difference regarding symptoms of GERD. There was significant difference between short segment Barrett＇s esophagus and long segment （65.6% vs 34.4%, P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The prevalence of BE was 6.06% in patients with GERD in northwest China and was dominated by SSBE. The potential risk factors of Barrett＇s esophagus were older age, male, esophageal hiatal hernia, smoking and alcohol consumption.展开更多
Objective Linguistic problem is common in Huntington’s disease(HD)patients.It has been studied before in native speakers of alphabetic languages,such as English.As a hieroglyphic language,Chinese differs from alphabe...Objective Linguistic problem is common in Huntington’s disease(HD)patients.It has been studied before in native speakers of alphabetic languages,such as English.As a hieroglyphic language,Chinese differs from alphabetic languages in terms of phonology,morphology,semantics and syntax.We aimed to investigate the linguistic characteristics of manifest HD in native speakers of Mandarin.Meanwhile,we expected to explore the linguistic differences associated with cortical or subcortical pathology.Methods Five HD patients and five Alzheimer’s disease(AD)patients matched in age,gender,disease course and educational level were enrolled.All the participants were Mandarin native speakers.All finished history inquiry,physical examination,basic test,genetic test and neuropsychological assessment.Language evaluation was performed by Aphasia Battery of Chinese.Results HD patients had a mean disease course of 5.4±2.97(range,2-10)years.They showed a linguistic disorder close to transcortical motor aphasia.They exhibited prominent phonological impairment,as well as slight semantic and syntactic abnormality.Tonic errors were found in speech.Character structural errors and substitutions were detected in writing.In comparison,AD patients showed a more severe linguistic impairment,characterized by global aphasia with more semantic errors.Conclusion Mandarin-speaking HD patients have a transcortical motor aphasia-like disturbance with prominent phonological impairment,whereas AD patients have a more severe global aphasia with salient semantic impairment.展开更多
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment strategy of lower extremity arterial occlusive disease in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Methods Clinical information of 9 cases suffering f...Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment strategy of lower extremity arterial occlusive disease in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Methods Clinical information of 9 cases suffering from lower extremity arterial occlusion and CD was investigated retrospectively. Results All the cases were less than 50 years old and the most were females (8/9). Arterial occlusions occurred in either active (5/9) or inactive (4/9) stage of CD. Besides the arteries of lower extremities, other arteries could also be involved such as aorta, iliac artery, renal artery or mesentery artery. Seven cases had atherosclerotic imaging findings (4 had aortic plaques and 6 had iliac artery stenoses). Embolectomy or thromboendarterectomy were mostly performed. Four (44.4%) cases had recurrent lower limb ischemia. Conclusions Arterial occlusive disease is a rare extraintestinal manifestation of CD. A thorough inspection of aorta is necessary. Embolectomy is mostly preferred. Anticoagulation treatment is highly recommended after the operation.展开更多
文摘Uric acid(UA)is a naturally antioxidant that is strongly associated with the development and progression of Parkinson's disease(PD).The purine diet is an important exogenous pathway that modulates blood UA levels.Deep brain stimulation(DBS)is an important tool for PD treatment.This study aimed to explore the effects of preoperative purine diet on the prognosis of patients with PD after DBS.Sixty-four patients with PD who underwent DBS were included in this study,and their clinical data,blood UA levels,and daily purine intake.Patients were followed up for improvement 1 year after surgery.We found that patient higher purine intake was strongly associated with the rate of improvement after DBS and was a protective factor for patient prognosis.Daily purine intake from meat and seafood was significantly higher in the responsive patients than in the lessresponsive patients.Mediation analysis showed that UA mediated 78%of the effect of purine intake on motor symptom improvement after DBS.In summary,we observed that purine intake is strongly associated with the rate of improvement in motor symptoms after subthalamic nucleus-DBS in patients with PD.This study provides a reference for preoperative diet planning in patients with PD undergoing DBS.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong province(ZR2021QH022,ZR2021QB198)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82001286)the Open Project of Liaocheng University Animal Husbandry Discipline(319462207-24)。
文摘Emerging evidence supports that sleep disorders are the main risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease(AD),and iron dysregulation may be the link between them.Our previous studies have confirmed that ketogenic diet(KD)can prevent chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD.However,it is uncertain whether exogenous ketones supplements(EKS),as an alternative intervention,have the same effects as KD.Thus,we investigated the prophylactic efficiency of EKS on chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD and reveal the underlying mechanism focus on iron metabolism.We observed that the prophylactic efficacy of EKS against chronic sleep deprivation-induced AD was comparable to that of KD.Meanwhile,our results suggest that both EKS and KD inhibited iron metabolism disorder through regulation of iron metabolism-related proteins.Moreover,we found that both EKS and KD reduced hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction and iron-mediated lipid peroxides.Furthermore,EX527(silent information regulator 1(Sirt1)inhibitor),mostly abrogated these above protections of EKS,suggesting that the prophylactic effect of EKS on AD is partly dependent on Sirt1.Our findings provide novel evidence that EKS can be developed as functional foods to prevent or delay the development of AD,particularly in individuals with sleep disorders.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20272,82173807,82170497)。
文摘Parkinson's disease(PD)is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases.The loss of dopaminergic(DAergic)neurons in the substantia nigra and the decrease of dopamine(DA)levels accelerate the process of PD.L-Ergothioneine(EGT)is a natural antioxidant derived from microorganisms,especially in edible mushrooms.EGT can penetrate blood-brain barrier and its levels are significantly decreased in the plasma of PD patients.Therefore,we speculated that EGT could ameliorate PD,and determined its effect on PD development by using 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced PD mouse models and neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP^(+))-induced cell models.Our results show that EGT alleviated MPTP-induced behavioral dysfunction in mice.Mechanistically,we innovatively revealed that EGT was a key regulator of DJ-1.EGT restored DA levels by activating the DJ-1-nuclear receptor-related factor 1(Nurr1)axis.Furthermore,it reduced reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels by regulating the DJ-1-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)pathway,which inhibited oxidative stress-induced DAergic neuronal apoptosis.Combined treatment with DJ-1-si RNA transfection revealed that blocking DJ-1 reversed EGT upregulated Nurr1 and Nrf2 expression in the nucleus,which significantly decreased the benefits of EGT.Taken together,our study suggests that EGT can ameliorate PD and be considered as a strategy for PD treatment.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171035)the major fund project of Ningbo Science and Technology Bureau(2019B10034)+4 种基金Opened-end Fund of Key Laboratory(KFJJ-202101,ZPKLP202202)Public Project of Ningbo(202002N3167)Project of Yinzhou(2022AS025)Ningbo Rehabilitation Hospital(2022KY02)sponsored by a K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University。
文摘Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease with complex etiology.Gut microbiota influences the gutbrain axis,which may affect pathways related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.Additionally,diet and physical activity are likely to affect the pathology of Alzheimer's disease as well as the gut microbiota.This demonstrates that it may be possible to prevent or halt the progression of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the gut microbiota using diet and physical activity strategies.Therefore,the present study reviews the association between these two interventions and gut microbiota in the human body.It also summarizes how these two interventions benefit Alzheimer's disease.Furthermore,the primary limitations of these two interventions are discussed and promising strategies are proposed,which may be beneficial to further study and develop the intervening measure for the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFF1100301)Yunnan Revitalization Talents Support Plan-Young Talent Project(YNWRQNBJ-2018-357)。
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the major form of neurodegenerative diseases that can severely impede normal cognitive function,makes it one of the most common fatal diseases.There are currently over 50 million AD patients worldwide.The neuropathology of AD is perplexing and there is a scarcity of disease-modifying treatments.Currently,early diagnosis of AD has been made possible with the discovery of biological markers associated with pathology,providing strong support for the improvement of the disease status.The search for inhibitors of AD markers from dietary supplements(DSs)has become a major hot topic.Especially with the widespread use of DSs,DSs containing polyphenols,alkaloids,terpenes,polysaccharides and other bioactive components can prevent AD by reducing Aβdeposition,inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation,reconstructing synaptic dysfunction,weakening cholinesterase activity,regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress,neuronal inflammation and apoptosis.This review summarizes the anti-AD effects of the main DSs and their bioactive constituents,as well as the potential molecular mechanisms covers from 2017 to 2023.Additionally,we discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by DSs in the process of AD prevention and treatment,aiming to further provide new perspectives for functional food development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972052,32021005,31820103010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP22006,JUSRP51501)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province。
文摘The gut microbiota-brain axis has emerged as a novel target for Alzheimer's disease(AD),a neurodegenerative disease characterised by behavioural and cognitive impairment.However,most previous microbiome-based intervention studies have focused on single factors and yielded only modest cognitive improvements.Here,we proposed a multidomain intervention strategy that combined Bifidobacterium breve treatment with environmental enrichment(EE)training.In this study,we found that compared with EE or B.breve treatment alone,B.breve intervention combined with EE amplified its neuroprotective effects on AD mice,as reflected by improved cognition,inhibited neuroinflammation and enhanced synaptic function.Moreover,using microbiome and metabolome profiling,we found that the combination of B.breve and EE treatment restored AD-related gut microbiota dysbiosis and reversed microbial metabolite changes.Finally,by integrating behavioural and neurological data with metabolomic profiles,we revealed that the underlying mechanism may involve the modulation of microbiota-derived glutamine metabolism via gut-brain interactions.Collectively,combined B.breve intervention with EE treatment can alleviate AD-related cognitive impairment and improve brain function by regulating glutamine metabolism of the gut microbiome.Our findings provide a promising multidomain intervention strategy,with a combination of dietary microbiome-based and lifestyle-targeted interventions,to promote brain function and delay the progression of AD.
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive decline and memory impairment.Many lines of evidence indicate that excessiveβ-amyloid peptide(Aβ)generation and aggregation play pivotal roles in the initiation of AD,leading to various biochemical alteration including oxidative damage,mitochondrial dysfunction,neuroinflammation,signaling pathway and finally resulting in neuronal death.AD has a complex pathogenic mechanism,and a single-target approach for anti-AD strategy is thus full of challenges.To overcome these limitations,the present study focused to review on one of multiple target-compounds,(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)for the prevention and treatment of AD.EGCG is a main bioactive polyphenol in green tea and has been reported to exert potent neuroprotective properties in a wide array of both cellular and animal models in AD.This review demonstrated multiple neuroprotective efficacies of EGCG by focusing on the involvement of Aβ-evoked damage and its Aβregulation.Furthermore,to understand its mechanism of action on the brain,the permeability of the blood-brain barrier was also discussed.
文摘Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis methods,therapeutic principles of intestinal Behcet's disease.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with confirmed intestinal Behcet's disease admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 1998 to April 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The clinical courses of patients with intestinal Behcet's disease were from 26 days to 33 years,and the average duration was 6.32±1.01 years.The appearance of extra-gastrointestinal symptoms was significantly earlier than that of gastrointestinal symptoms(7.35±1.39 years vs.3.24±0.82 years,P<0.05).The predominant gastrointestinal manifestations were right lower quadrant pain(95.56%) and hematochezia or melena(40.00%).Misdiagnosis occurred in 17 cases.In patients without systemic medicine therapy before surgery,the incidence of postoperative infection of incision site and abdominal cavity was significantly higher than that in those undergoing systemic medicine therapy(80.00% vs.0%,P<0.05).Conclusions Because of the diversity of gastrointestinal manifestations,intestinal Behcet's disease is easily misdiagnosed.The systemic medical therapy before surgery could decrease the incidence of infection of incision and abdominal cavity.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11572127)
文摘Accurate identification of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and mild cognitive impairment （MCI） is crucial so as to improve diagnosis techniques and to better understand the neurodegenerative process. In this work, we aim to apply the machine learning method to individual identification and identify the discriminate features associated with AD and MCI. Diffusion tensor imaging scans of 48 patients with AD, 39 patients with late MCI, 75 patients with early MCI, and 51 age-matched healthy controls （HCs） are acquired from the Alzheimer＇s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database. In addition to the common fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity metrics, there are two novel metrics, named local diffusion homogeneity that used Spearman＇s rank correlation coefficient and Kendall＇s coefficient concordance, which are taken as classification metrics. The recursive feature elimination method for support vector machine （SVM） and logistic regression （LR） combined with leave-one-out cross validation are applied to determine the optimal feature dimensions. Then the SVM and LR methods perform the classification process and compare the classification performance. The results show that not only can the multi-type combined metrics obtain higher accuracy than the single metric, but also the SVM classifier with multi-type combined metrics has better classification performance than the LR classifier. Statistically, the average accuracy of the combined metric is more than 92% for all between-group comparisons of SVM classifier. In addition to the high recognition rate, significant differences are found in the statistical analysis of cognitive scores between groups. We further execute the permutation test, receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve to validate the robustness of the classifiers, and indicate that the SVM classifier is more stable and efficient than the LR classifier. Finally, the uncinated fasciculus, cingulum, corpus callosum, corona radiate, external capsule, and internal capsule have been regarded as the most important white matter tracts to identify AD, MCI, and HC. Our findings reveal a guidance role for machine-learning based image analysis on clinical diagnosis.
文摘Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder with motor and non-motorsigns, which begins long before the diagnosis can be made. Pharmacotherapy with dopaminergic drugsis the mainstay of PD therapy. There is no currently available cure or disease-modifying treatment. Dietand various foods have been proposed as possible risk factors for PD. Nutritional supplementation withomega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, B vitamins, and coenzyme Q may have potential in the management ofPD. In addition, several strategies could possibly lead to the development of medical foods in PD. Forexample, ketogenic diets may have effects complementary to pharmacotherapy. Gut microbial dysbiosisand altered microbial metabolites found in PD may lead to chronic low-grade inflammation in gut andbrain. Interventions targeting gut microbiota, such as the supplementation of probiotics, may providenovel approaches to PD in regard to both symptomatic treatment and disease modification. High qualityrandomized controlled trials need to be conducted in order to evaluate whether these food-basedstrategies have symptomatic efficacy or the potential to delay the progression of PD.
文摘Objective To investigate the relationship of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and the gene polymorphisms of N5, N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods Plasma Hcy levels were measured by means of high voltage capillary electrophoresis with ultra-violet detection, the polymorphisms of C677T in exon 4 of MTHFR gene and 844ins68 in exon 8 of CBS gene were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 105 AD patients and 102 non-AD controls. All controls were excluded from cardiocerebrovascular disorders and other diseases. Results The plasma Hcy level in AD patients (16.04 ± 3.84 μmol/L) was significantly higher than that in the controls(11.94 ± 3.87 μmol/L, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences of the genotype and allele frequencies of MTHFR C677T mutation and CBS 844ins68 mutation between the patients and controls. However, the T allele of MTHFR gene was found to relate with the plasma Hcy level increase in all subjects. Conclusion The elevated plasma Hcy level in AD patients is probably involved in the pathogenesis of AD, which may be due to the environmental factor rather than genetic factors of the mutations of MTHFR and CBS.
文摘Given its increasing global prevalence,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)has become a major public health challenge worldwide.The symptomatic treatments available for AD have shown no significant efficacy,and no disease-modifying interventions are capable of slowing the progression of the disorder.The potential of lifestyle-related factors,including diet,is increasingly recognized as an important consideration in the primary prevention of AD.Numerous mechanisms potentially underlying neuroprotective effects of bioactive components contained in tea,such as(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate,as well as their preventive efficacy against AD,have been elucidated in preclinical studies.However,in contrast to the abundance of mechanistic findings in animals,clinical results demonstrating efficacy in humans are scarce.While epidemiological studies have provided some evidence indicating that green tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of age-related cognitive decline and AD,a causal relationship cannot be established on the basis of these observations.The clinical evidence regarding preventive or therapeutic effects of green tea and its bioactive components is unsatisfactory.A role of green tea in the prevention of AD cannot be recommended until well-designed,randomized,placebo-controlled clinical trials using standardized formulations confirm the purported beneficial effects of green tea.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61271079)the Vice Chancellor Research Grant in University of Wollongongthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China
文摘Applications of multifractal analysis to white matter structure changes on magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） have recently received increasing attentions. Although some progresses have been made, there is no evident study on applying multifractal analysis to evaluate the white matter structural changes on MRI for Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） research. In this paper, to explore multifractal analysis of white matter structural changes on 3D MRI volumes between normal aging and early AD, we not only extend the traditional box-counting multifractal analysis（BCMA） into the 3D case, but also propose a modified integer ratio based BCMA（IRBCMA） algorithm to compensate for the rigid division rule in BCMA. We verify multifractal characteristics in 3D white matter MRI volumes. In addition to the previously well studied multifractal feature,△α, we also demonstrated △ f as an alternative and effective multifractal feature to distinguish NC from AD subjects.Both △α and △ f are found to have strong positive correlation with the clinical MMSE scores with statistical significance.Moreover, the proposed IRBCMA can be an alternative and more accurate algorithm for 3D volume analysis. Our findings highlight the potential usefulness of multifractal analysis, which may contribute to clarify some aspects of the etiology of AD through detection of structural changes in white matter.
基金This work was supported by the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China under(Grant Nos.71774012,72104246,71673024)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(22CX04010B)the strategic research project of the Development Planning Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.GHJ-ZLZX-2019-42).The findings and observations in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the supporters.
文摘Purpose:Measuring the exact technology complementarity between different institutions is necessary to obtain complementary technology resources for R&D cooperation.Design/methodology/approach:This study constructs a morphology-driven method for measuring technology complementarity,taking medical field as an example.First,we calculate semantic similarities between subjects(S and S)and action-objects(AO and AO)based on the Metathesaurus,forming clusters of S and AO based on a semantic similarity matrix.Second,we identify key technology issues and methods based on clusters of S and AO.Third,a technology morphology matrix of several dimensions is constructed using morphology analysis,and the matrix is filled with subjects-action-objects(SAO)structures according to corresponding key technology issues and methods for different institutions.Finally,the technology morphology matrix is used to measure the technology complementarity between different institutions based on SAO.Findings:The improved technology complementarity method based on SAO is more of a supplementary and refined framework for the traditional IPC method.Research limitations:In future studies we will reprocess and identify the SAO structures which were not in the technology morphology matrix,and find other methods to characterize key technical issues and methods.Furthermore,we will add the comparison between proposed method and traditional and mostly used complementarity measurement method based on industry chain and industry code.Practical implications:This study takes medical field as an example.The morphology-driven method for measuring technology complementarity can be migrated and applied for any given field.Originality/value:From the perspective of complementary technology resources,this study develops and tests a more accurate morphology-driven method for technology complementarity measurement.
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by decline in cognitive functions and associated with the neuropathological hallmarks of amyloid-peptide plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.Cerebral glucose uptake and metabolism deteriorate in AD and this hypometabolism precedes the onset of clinical signs in AD.The early decline in brain glucose metabolism in AD has become a potential target for therapeutic intervention.This has led to investigations assessing the supplementation of the normal glucose supply with ketone bodies which are produced by the body during glucose deprivation and can be metabolized by the brain when glucose utilization is impaired.The present review provides a synopsis of preclinical studies and clinical trials assessing the efficacy of ketogenic diets in the treatment of AD.Both the direct administration of ketone bodies and the use of high-fat,low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets have been shown to be efficacious in animal models of AD and clinical trials with AD patients.The mechanism underlying the efficacy of ketogenic diets remains unclear,but some evidence points to the normalization of aberrant energy metabolism.At present there is only limited evidence of the usefulness of ketogenic diets in AD.However,this dietary approach seems to be promising and deserves further clinical investigations.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Develop Project in Jilin Province of China(20200201030JC)the Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Jilin Province in China(JJKH20211461KJ)Characteristic Innovation Project for Guangdong University of China(2019KTSCX221).
文摘Curculigoside(CCG)is a phenolic glycoside compound extracted from the root of a natural plant called Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.In this study,the neuroprotective effect of CCG through oxidative stress mediated mitochondrial dysfunction on L-glutamate(L-Glu)-damaged hippocampal neuron cell line(HT22)and APPswe/PSEN1dE9 transgenic(APP/PS1)mice were investigated.Observably,CCG in L-Glu-damaged HT22 cells suppressed apoptosis,reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species,balanced the mitochondrial membrane potential and prevented the over-influx of calcium.In APP/PS1 mice,4-week CCG administration significantly improved their memory and behavioral impairments,enhanced the function of cholinergic system,reduced the deposition of Aβand neurofibrillary fiber tangles caused by tau phosphorylation,and suppressed the development and progression of oxidative stress in brains of APP/PS1 mice.Based on the screening of proteomic analysis on hippocampus,CCG were confirmed that it could regulate the expression levels of proteins related to mitochondrial dysfunction,mainly through activating on AMPK/Nrf2 signaling,in APP/PS1 mice and L-Glu-exposed HT22 cells.CCG has a prominent neuroprotective effect on regulate the AMPK/Nrf2-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in cells APP/PS1 mice support CCG is a potentially potent drug for AD treatment and merits further investigation.
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most prevalent cause of dementia worldwide.Treatments achieving a marked improvement in symptoms or preventing or delaying the progression of the disease are not available.Various diet-related risk factors for AD have been identified.Evidence for a protective effect of the Mediterranean diet on AD risk is inconclusive.Medical foods are designed to meet specific dietary needs for certain diseases.Improvements in symptomatology and regional brain atrophy in AD have been claimed for several medical foods,for example,those providing ketone bodies as alternative energy supply to neurons,those containing precursors believed to improve synaptic function,and those addressing oxidative stress related to memory loss.Many methodological shortcomings render the interpretation of the available findings of medical food trials in AD difficult.Optimal results of medical foods in AD may be expected when administered in presymptomatic or early stages of the disease.This requires the reliable identification of minimal neuropathological changes related to AD.The outcome measures currently used may not be able to detect subtle changes in cognition and function in early AD.Large-scale clinical studies using valid,sensitive,and reliable assessment tools are needed to establish the efficacy of medical foods in AD.
基金Supported by Key Clinical Program of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China(No.[2007]353)
文摘Objective： To investigate the prevalence and possible risk factors of Barrett＇s esophagus （BE） in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD） in Northwest China. Methods： Patients older than 18 years who underwent regular health check-up or had upper gastrointestinal symptoms in the endoscopy centers of four major teaching hospitals located in four different provinces of Northwest China from September 2008 to February 2009 were included in the study. A face-to-face reflux diagnostic questionnaire including risk factors were taken and scale scores （So） were accumulated. Diagnostic criterion of GERD was Sc≥12 points. None of these subjects received anti-acid medication prior to their endoscopy done. Barrett＇s esophagus was diagnosed when specialized intestinal metaplasia was detected histologically. Results： A total of 528 patients met the criteria of GERD, among which 32 patients （20 male and 12 female） were diagnosed with BE. BE was present in 6.06% with a mean age of 51.2±11.6 years, which was significantly older than patients with GERD without BE （46.6±13.3 years） （P〈0.05）. There weresignificant differences between BE and GERD patients regarding gender, age, hiatus hernia, smoking and alcohol consumption （P〈0.05）, while no significant difference regarding symptoms of GERD. There was significant difference between short segment Barrett＇s esophagus and long segment （65.6% vs 34.4%, P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The prevalence of BE was 6.06% in patients with GERD in northwest China and was dominated by SSBE. The potential risk factors of Barrett＇s esophagus were older age, male, esophageal hiatal hernia, smoking and alcohol consumption.
基金supported by grants from CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2016-I2M-1-004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81550021)+1 种基金13th Five-year National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC1306300)the strategic priority research program(pilot study)“Biological basis of aging and therapeutic strategies”of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDPB10)。
文摘Objective Linguistic problem is common in Huntington’s disease(HD)patients.It has been studied before in native speakers of alphabetic languages,such as English.As a hieroglyphic language,Chinese differs from alphabetic languages in terms of phonology,morphology,semantics and syntax.We aimed to investigate the linguistic characteristics of manifest HD in native speakers of Mandarin.Meanwhile,we expected to explore the linguistic differences associated with cortical or subcortical pathology.Methods Five HD patients and five Alzheimer’s disease(AD)patients matched in age,gender,disease course and educational level were enrolled.All the participants were Mandarin native speakers.All finished history inquiry,physical examination,basic test,genetic test and neuropsychological assessment.Language evaluation was performed by Aphasia Battery of Chinese.Results HD patients had a mean disease course of 5.4±2.97(range,2-10)years.They showed a linguistic disorder close to transcortical motor aphasia.They exhibited prominent phonological impairment,as well as slight semantic and syntactic abnormality.Tonic errors were found in speech.Character structural errors and substitutions were detected in writing.In comparison,AD patients showed a more severe linguistic impairment,characterized by global aphasia with more semantic errors.Conclusion Mandarin-speaking HD patients have a transcortical motor aphasia-like disturbance with prominent phonological impairment,whereas AD patients have a more severe global aphasia with salient semantic impairment.
文摘Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment strategy of lower extremity arterial occlusive disease in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Methods Clinical information of 9 cases suffering from lower extremity arterial occlusion and CD was investigated retrospectively. Results All the cases were less than 50 years old and the most were females (8/9). Arterial occlusions occurred in either active (5/9) or inactive (4/9) stage of CD. Besides the arteries of lower extremities, other arteries could also be involved such as aorta, iliac artery, renal artery or mesentery artery. Seven cases had atherosclerotic imaging findings (4 had aortic plaques and 6 had iliac artery stenoses). Embolectomy or thromboendarterectomy were mostly performed. Four (44.4%) cases had recurrent lower limb ischemia. Conclusions Arterial occlusive disease is a rare extraintestinal manifestation of CD. A thorough inspection of aorta is necessary. Embolectomy is mostly preferred. Anticoagulation treatment is highly recommended after the operation.
