Fibrous activated alumina is widely applied in catalysts,adsorbents,and composite materials.This work presents a green approach in preparing the fibrous activated Al_(2)O_(3) with high purity and specific surface area...Fibrous activated alumina is widely applied in catalysts,adsorbents,and composite materials.This work presents a green approach in preparing the fibrous activated Al_(2)O_(3) with high purity and specific surface area through multistep phase transformation of aluminum-bearing substances using intermediate dawsonite as a template.Thermodynamic calculations and experimental results show that increasing the concentration of Na_(2)CO_(3) and(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3) is remarkably beneficial to the formation of dawsonite and ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide,respectively.Based on determination of dissolution and precipitation mechanism,the ultrafine granular gibbsite is converted to the uniform fibrous dawsonite with a ratio of length to diameter over 50,and the fibrous dawsonite changes into the long fibrous ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide with a ratio of length to diameter is about 80 in above 70 g/L(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3) solution.Furthermore,the activated alumina remains fibrous morphology after roasting ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide at a slow heating rate,plentiful open mesopore and weak aggregation of particles,which contributes to the high specific surface area of 159.37 m^(2)/g at 1273 K for the activated alumina.The complete transformation of dawsonite to ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide and high specific surface area contribute to the purity of the activated fibrous alumina above 99.9%with low Na and Fe content.展开更多
Pd(OH)2/C催化剂是制备六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW,C L-20)的关键材料。选择三种市售的活性炭为载体,采用浸渍沉积法制备了几种六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HBIW)氢解脱苄Pd(OH)2/C催化剂。考察了载体活性炭的表面性质、孔径分布、催化剂制备...Pd(OH)2/C催化剂是制备六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW,C L-20)的关键材料。选择三种市售的活性炭为载体,采用浸渍沉积法制备了几种六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HBIW)氢解脱苄Pd(OH)2/C催化剂。考察了载体活性炭的表面性质、孔径分布、催化剂制备温度、碱的种类及钯负载量对Pd(OH)2/C催化剂的催化活性的影响。催化活性和N2吸附、程序升温脱附(TPD)、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)的特性表明,活性炭的表面性质、孔径分布、反应温度和钯负载量显著影响Pd(OH)2/C催化剂的催化活性,而活性炭的比表面积和催化剂制备过程中所用碱的种类不是影响Pd(OH)2/C催化剂性能的关键因素。用30%硝酸预处理AC RO S O rganics公司产的颗粒状活性炭为载体,碳酸钠为碱源,在反应温度5℃下,制得的9%Pd(O H)2/C催化剂有最佳的催化活性。催化剂中钯用量为底物HBIW的0.3%(质量分数)时,氢解脱苄乙酰化产物收率达93%。展开更多
基金Project(51874372)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Fibrous activated alumina is widely applied in catalysts,adsorbents,and composite materials.This work presents a green approach in preparing the fibrous activated Al_(2)O_(3) with high purity and specific surface area through multistep phase transformation of aluminum-bearing substances using intermediate dawsonite as a template.Thermodynamic calculations and experimental results show that increasing the concentration of Na_(2)CO_(3) and(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3) is remarkably beneficial to the formation of dawsonite and ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide,respectively.Based on determination of dissolution and precipitation mechanism,the ultrafine granular gibbsite is converted to the uniform fibrous dawsonite with a ratio of length to diameter over 50,and the fibrous dawsonite changes into the long fibrous ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide with a ratio of length to diameter is about 80 in above 70 g/L(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3) solution.Furthermore,the activated alumina remains fibrous morphology after roasting ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide at a slow heating rate,plentiful open mesopore and weak aggregation of particles,which contributes to the high specific surface area of 159.37 m^(2)/g at 1273 K for the activated alumina.The complete transformation of dawsonite to ammonium aluminum carbonate hydroxide and high specific surface area contribute to the purity of the activated fibrous alumina above 99.9%with low Na and Fe content.
文摘Pd(OH)2/C催化剂是制备六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW,C L-20)的关键材料。选择三种市售的活性炭为载体,采用浸渍沉积法制备了几种六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HBIW)氢解脱苄Pd(OH)2/C催化剂。考察了载体活性炭的表面性质、孔径分布、催化剂制备温度、碱的种类及钯负载量对Pd(OH)2/C催化剂的催化活性的影响。催化活性和N2吸附、程序升温脱附(TPD)、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)的特性表明,活性炭的表面性质、孔径分布、反应温度和钯负载量显著影响Pd(OH)2/C催化剂的催化活性,而活性炭的比表面积和催化剂制备过程中所用碱的种类不是影响Pd(OH)2/C催化剂性能的关键因素。用30%硝酸预处理AC RO S O rganics公司产的颗粒状活性炭为载体,碳酸钠为碱源,在反应温度5℃下,制得的9%Pd(O H)2/C催化剂有最佳的催化活性。催化剂中钯用量为底物HBIW的0.3%(质量分数)时,氢解脱苄乙酰化产物收率达93%。
