Background:Fiber,as the main product of cotton,provides main raw material for the textile industry.Many key factors have been revealed a significant role in fiber cell development including Myb proteins,phytohormones,...Background:Fiber,as the main product of cotton,provides main raw material for the textile industry.Many key factors have been revealed a significant role in fiber cell development including Myb proteins,phytohormones,fatty acid metabolites,and epigenetic modifications.DNA methylation is one of the important epigenetic modifications to regulate plant development and responses to abiotic or biotic stimuli.In general,DNA methylation consisting of 5mC and 6mA regulates the chromatin structure and gene transcription to affect plant development,however,the detailed role and underlying mechanism of DNA methylation in the fiber development of cotton are yet vague.Results:Here,systematical study of the 5mC and 6mA DNA methylation profiles during the fiber initiation period of Xu142 and its glabrous mutant Xu142fl represented a clear alteration of global DNA methylation associated with fiber cell initiation.Then,the genome-wide identification of genes responsible for methylation regulation at the fifth carbon of cytosine and the sixth carbon of adenine of DNA was operated in Gossypium hirsutum.As a result,13,10,6,and 17 genes were identified for 5mC methylation,5mC demethylation,6mA methylation,and 6mA demethylation,respectively.We then investigated the tissue expression pattern of all these genes,and some genes showed higher expression levels in fiber initiation,among which some displayed a significant change in transcription between Xu142 and Xu142fl.The possible interaction between histone acetylation and DNA methylation in fiber initiation through in vitro culture was studied by dot blot,and the results showed that repressed histone deacetylation by Trichostatin A(TSA)inhibited the global DNA methylation,and some causal genes(e.g.,GhDMT13,GhDAMT2,GhALKBH12,GhDM7)were also identified.Conclusions:In this study,all the findings indicated the interplay between histone acetylation and DNA methylation,supporting their important roles and providing precious clues for the epigenetic modifications associated with DNA methylation in the fiber development of cotton.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and the third cause of global cancer mortality.Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)is commonly ob...OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and the third cause of global cancer mortality.Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)is commonly observed in tumor cells and is a critical mediator of on cogenic signaling in HCC and controls the expression of several genes involved in proliferation,survival,metastasis and angiogenesis.Current drug-targeted therapies,besides being expensive,are associated with serious side effects and morbidity.Thus,novel agents that can suppress STAT3 activation have potential for both prevention and treatment of HCC.In the present report,we investigated whether the potent HAT/KAT inhibitor,garcinol,(apolyisoprenylatedbenzophenone),could suppress STAT3 activation in HCC cells and in nude mice model.METHODS The effect of garcinol on HCC cell lines wasdetermined by MTT assay,immunoblotting,DNA binding assays,immuno-fluorescenceand immune-histochemical analysis.The effect of garcinolon the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo was also investigated using HCCxenograft tumor modelin athymic nu/nu mice.RESULTS We found that garcinol could inhibit constitutive STAT3 activation in a dose-and time-dependent manner both by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation and acetylation in HCC cells.When investigated for molecular mechanism(s),we found that garcinol interferes with the dimer formation of STAT3 thereby inhibits its nuclear localization.Computational modeling showed that garcinol could bind to the SH2 domain of STAT3 and suppresses its dimerization in vitro.To understand the cellular mechanism(s)of inhibition of STAT3 function by garcinol,we observed that upon inhibition of STAT3 dimerization bygarcinol,STAT3 DNA binding ability gets repressed.The inhibition of STAT3 activation by garcinol led to the suppression of various gene products involved in proliferation,survival,and angiogenesis.Finally,when administered i.p.,garcinol inhibited the growth of human HCC xenograft tumors in athymic nu/nu mice.CONCLUSION Results frominvitroand in vivo studies suggest that garcinol exerts its anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects through suppression of STAT3 signaling cascade in HCC by inhibiting its phosphorylation,acetylation and ultimately dimerization.展开更多
Fragile X syndrome(FXS)is the most prevalent inherited intellectual disability,resulting from a loss of fragile X mental retardation protein(FMRP).Patients with FXS suffer lifelong cognitive disabilities,but the funct...Fragile X syndrome(FXS)is the most prevalent inherited intellectual disability,resulting from a loss of fragile X mental retardation protein(FMRP).Patients with FXS suffer lifelong cognitive disabilities,but the function of FMRP in the adult brain and the mechanism underlying age-related cognitive decline in FXS is not fully understood.Here,we report that a loss of FMRP results in increased protein synthesis of histone acetyltransferase EP300 and ubiquitinationmediated degradation of histone deacetylase HDAC1 in adult hippocampal neural stem cells(NSCs).Consequently,FMRPdeficient NSCs exhibit elevated histone acetylation and age-related NSC depletion,leading to cognitive impairment in mature adult mice.Reducing histone acetylation rescues both neurogenesis and cognitive deficits in mature adult FMRPdeficient mice.Our work reveals a role for FMRP and histone acetylation in cognition and presents a potential novel ther⁃apeutic strategy for treating adult FXS patients.展开更多
2-hydroxy N methyl N phenyl acetamide was synthesized by using N methylaniline, chloracetyl chloride, anhydrous sodium acetate and methanol through the acetylation, esterfication and ester interchange steps. The acety...2-hydroxy N methyl N phenyl acetamide was synthesized by using N methylaniline, chloracetyl chloride, anhydrous sodium acetate and methanol through the acetylation, esterfication and ester interchange steps. The acetylation of N methylaniline with chloracetyl chloride, catalyzed by triethylamide with mole ratio n (C 6H 5NHCH 3)∶ n (ClCH 2C(O)Cl)∶ n (N(C 2H 5) 3)=1∶1.05∶1, the yield of 2 chloro N methyl N phenyl acetamide(Ⅰ) was 93.8%; Then the esterification of Ⅰ with anhydrous sodium acetate in the presence of phase transfer catalyst tetrabutyl ammonia bromide gave 97.3% yield of 2 acetoxyl N methyl N phenyl acetamide (Ⅱ); The ester interchange of with methanol catalyzed by potassium hydroxide gave 2 hydroxy N methyl N phenyl acetamide (Ⅲ) in 96.4% yield. And the total yield was 88.0%. IR and MS spectroscopy of products were analyzed and their characteristic peaks were assigned. Combining the results of elemental analysis, the molecular structure of Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ was identified.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Hyperactivityof hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis is an important aetiological risk factor for the development of depression. Previous studies have demonstrated that the phenolic monomer baicalin has ...OBJECTIVE Hyperactivityof hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis is an important aetiological risk factor for the development of depression. Previous studies have demonstrated that the phenolic monomer baicalin has antidepressant-like effects and decreases serum corticosterone levels.However,the mechanism by which baicalin regulates hyperactivity of HPA axis remains unclear. This work aimed to investigate the effects of baicalin on hyperactivity of HPA axis using the olfactory bulbectomised(OBX) rat model of depression. METHODS Animals were anaesthetised with 10% chloral hydrate(3.3 mL·kg^(-1),ip). Using disinfected surgical equipment,the skull covering the olfactory bulbs was exposed by a midline incision. Two burr holes(2 mm diameter) were drilled 8 mm anterior to the bregma and 2 mm lateral to the midline. Both olfactory bulbs were aspirated and the holes filled with glass ionomer cement. The scalp was sutured closed. Sham-operated rats underwent every surgical procedure except the aspiration of the bulbs. The animals received penicillin(8×10~5U) intramuscularly(0.2 mL/300 g) once per day for 3 d post-surgery to prevent infection,and were subsequently housed alone in polypropylene cages. The experiments continued after 14 d of rehabilitation. The following groups were used for experiments: sham-operated(underwent surgical procedure without aspiratedolfactory bulbs and administration of vehicle only),OBX-model(underwent every surgical procedure and administration of vehicle only),OBX-amitriptyline treated(10 mg·kg^(-1)),and OBX-baicalin treatment(20 and 40 mg·kg^(-1)). Amitriptyline and baicalin were dissolved in physiological saline. RESULTS We examined how baicalin altered OBX-induced changes in serum glucocorticoid level as wel as inflammatory responses,sirtuin 1(SIRT1) expression,and p65 acetylation in the hypothalamus. Similar experiments were performed to analyse the effects of baicalin on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses inhypothalamus. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that activation of the SIRT1 in the hypothalamus contributes to hyperactivity of HPA axis,which can be alleviated by baicalin.展开更多
Quorum sensing is one kind of cell-to-cell signalling system among microorganisms that works in response to their population density via autoinducers exemplified by AHL and oligopeptides. In this study, fourteen AHL d...Quorum sensing is one kind of cell-to-cell signalling system among microorganisms that works in response to their population density via autoinducers exemplified by AHL and oligopeptides. In this study, fourteen AHL derivatives were synthesised by a chemical synthesis method, and two types of AHL derivatives were measured and screened by crystal violet staining assay, which have more obvious inhibitory effects on A. ferrooxidans biofilms under arsenic environment. Their structures were verified through IR and NMR identification. The morphological changes of A. ferrooxidans under the influence of the AHL derivatives were compared. In addition, the effects of AHL derivatives(0.1 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL) on membrane formation of A. ferrooxidans under high concentration of arsenic resistance(1,600 mg/L) were explored. Solid experimental data firstly showed that a portion of logarithmic microorganisms were ruptured under the effect of high arsenic concentration. Secondly, the volume of the cell shrank and the number of extracellular polymeric substances decreased after the addition of the AHL derivatives at high concentrations. Therefore, we found here that two derivatives used at concentrations of 0.1 μg/mL and 1 μg/m L accompanied with high concentration of arsenic can both effectively restrict biofilms formation by A. ferrooxidans.展开更多
Two new chiral stationary phases, 2,3 di O acetyl 6 O trimethylsilyl β cyclodextrin (DATBCD) and 2,6 di O trimethylsilyl 3 O acetyl β cyclodextrin(DTABCD), were synthesized, their structures were identified by means...Two new chiral stationary phases, 2,3 di O acetyl 6 O trimethylsilyl β cyclodextrin (DATBCD) and 2,6 di O trimethylsilyl 3 O acetyl β cyclodextrin(DTABCD), were synthesized, their structures were identified by means of infrared and NMR spectra. Capillary columns were coated with the two stationary phases by dynamic method. The chromatographic properties, and enantiomers separation, such as ketone, esters, alcohols and olefines, were investigated on the silylated and acetylated β cyclodextrin stationary phases. The experimental results show that the silylated and acetylated β cyclodextrins are suitable to be used as capillary gas chromatographic stationary phases, the relative polarity of DATBCD and DTABCD stationary phases is respectively 4143 and 3928, the column efficiencies are respectively 3084 and 4198, and DATBCD is of stronger enantioselectivity than DTABCD, capacity factor of the first eluted enantiomer ( k 1) and separation factor(α)of α phenylethanol on DATBCD stationary phase are respectively 8.23 and 1.019.展开更多
Aim Stable microtubules （MTs） is involved the mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM）, which is induced by acetylation of α-tubulin. The present study investigated whether SIRT2, a deacetylase, regulates MT st...Aim Stable microtubules （MTs） is involved the mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM）, which is induced by acetylation of α-tubulin. The present study investigated whether SIRT2, a deacetylase, regulates MT stability through α-tubulin deacetylation in DCM and whether the receptor of advanced glycation end products （AGEs） signaling pathway is involved in this effect. Methods Type 1 diabetic mellitus （T1DM） rats model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ, 65 mg · kg^-1） , and neonatal rat cardio- myocytes were also cultured. Heart function was detected by Doppler. MT stability was elevated by β-tubulin ex- pression density. The protein expression of SIRT2, acetylated α-tubulin and AGEs receptor were detected by immu- nohistochemistry or Western blots. The interaction of SIRT2 and acetylated α-tubulin was detected by Co-immuno- precipitation. Results In an animal model of T1DM, Western blot and immunohistochemistry revealed downregu- lation of SIRT2 but upregulation of the acetylated α-tubulin protein. These effects were reduced by treatment of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of AGEs production. HDAC6 expression did not regulated in heart. In primary cul- tures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, the AGEs treatment impaired the SIRT2/acetylated α-tubulin signaling path- way, and SIRT2-overexpression reversed the function of AGEs on cardiomyocytes. In addition, gene silencing of AGEs receptor alleviated the impairment effect of AGEs on cardiomyocytes. Conclusion In conclusion, these data demonstrate that AGEs/AGEs receptor promote MT stabilization via the suppression of the SIRT2/acetylated α-tu- bulin signaling pathway in DCM development.展开更多
In the recent decades oil spills in the aquatic environments are one of the major sources of environmental pollutions, which are steadily growing with the increase in oil consumption. Adsorption is a rapid and cost ef...In the recent decades oil spills in the aquatic environments are one of the major sources of environmental pollutions, which are steadily growing with the increase in oil consumption. Adsorption is a rapid and cost effective process to minimize the environmental impacts of oil spills and cleanup these pollutants. In this work, the crude oil sorption capacity was examined with raw sugarcane bagasse and acetylated sugarcane bagasse. Results show that the acetylated bagasse was significantly more oleophilic than the raw bagasse and acetylation reaction can increase bagasse oil sorption ability by about 90%. The maximum sorption capacities of acetylated bagasse were obtained about 11.3 g and 9.1 g in dry system(crude oil sorption) and oil layer sorption, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of the sorbents such as composition, water solubility, moisture content and density were measured according to ASTM standard methods. Also Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) of raw and acetylated bagasse was performed to investigate the effect of acetylation on sugarcane bagasse structure.展开更多
基金supported financially by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072022 and 31690093)the Creative Research Groups of China(31621005)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1610162020010202)for scientific research into non-profit industries。
文摘Background:Fiber,as the main product of cotton,provides main raw material for the textile industry.Many key factors have been revealed a significant role in fiber cell development including Myb proteins,phytohormones,fatty acid metabolites,and epigenetic modifications.DNA methylation is one of the important epigenetic modifications to regulate plant development and responses to abiotic or biotic stimuli.In general,DNA methylation consisting of 5mC and 6mA regulates the chromatin structure and gene transcription to affect plant development,however,the detailed role and underlying mechanism of DNA methylation in the fiber development of cotton are yet vague.Results:Here,systematical study of the 5mC and 6mA DNA methylation profiles during the fiber initiation period of Xu142 and its glabrous mutant Xu142fl represented a clear alteration of global DNA methylation associated with fiber cell initiation.Then,the genome-wide identification of genes responsible for methylation regulation at the fifth carbon of cytosine and the sixth carbon of adenine of DNA was operated in Gossypium hirsutum.As a result,13,10,6,and 17 genes were identified for 5mC methylation,5mC demethylation,6mA methylation,and 6mA demethylation,respectively.We then investigated the tissue expression pattern of all these genes,and some genes showed higher expression levels in fiber initiation,among which some displayed a significant change in transcription between Xu142 and Xu142fl.The possible interaction between histone acetylation and DNA methylation in fiber initiation through in vitro culture was studied by dot blot,and the results showed that repressed histone deacetylation by Trichostatin A(TSA)inhibited the global DNA methylation,and some causal genes(e.g.,GhDMT13,GhDAMT2,GhALKBH12,GhDM7)were also identified.Conclusions:In this study,all the findings indicated the interplay between histone acetylation and DNA methylation,supporting their important roles and providing precious clues for the epigenetic modifications associated with DNA methylation in the fiber development of cotton.
基金The project supported in part by agrant from National Medical Research Council of Singapore
文摘OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and the third cause of global cancer mortality.Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)is commonly observed in tumor cells and is a critical mediator of on cogenic signaling in HCC and controls the expression of several genes involved in proliferation,survival,metastasis and angiogenesis.Current drug-targeted therapies,besides being expensive,are associated with serious side effects and morbidity.Thus,novel agents that can suppress STAT3 activation have potential for both prevention and treatment of HCC.In the present report,we investigated whether the potent HAT/KAT inhibitor,garcinol,(apolyisoprenylatedbenzophenone),could suppress STAT3 activation in HCC cells and in nude mice model.METHODS The effect of garcinol on HCC cell lines wasdetermined by MTT assay,immunoblotting,DNA binding assays,immuno-fluorescenceand immune-histochemical analysis.The effect of garcinolon the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo was also investigated using HCCxenograft tumor modelin athymic nu/nu mice.RESULTS We found that garcinol could inhibit constitutive STAT3 activation in a dose-and time-dependent manner both by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation and acetylation in HCC cells.When investigated for molecular mechanism(s),we found that garcinol interferes with the dimer formation of STAT3 thereby inhibits its nuclear localization.Computational modeling showed that garcinol could bind to the SH2 domain of STAT3 and suppresses its dimerization in vitro.To understand the cellular mechanism(s)of inhibition of STAT3 function by garcinol,we observed that upon inhibition of STAT3 dimerization bygarcinol,STAT3 DNA binding ability gets repressed.The inhibition of STAT3 activation by garcinol led to the suppression of various gene products involved in proliferation,survival,and angiogenesis.Finally,when administered i.p.,garcinol inhibited the growth of human HCC xenograft tumors in athymic nu/nu mice.CONCLUSION Results frominvitroand in vivo studies suggest that garcinol exerts its anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects through suppression of STAT3 signaling cascade in HCC by inhibiting its phosphorylation,acetylation and ultimately dimerization.
文摘Fragile X syndrome(FXS)is the most prevalent inherited intellectual disability,resulting from a loss of fragile X mental retardation protein(FMRP).Patients with FXS suffer lifelong cognitive disabilities,but the function of FMRP in the adult brain and the mechanism underlying age-related cognitive decline in FXS is not fully understood.Here,we report that a loss of FMRP results in increased protein synthesis of histone acetyltransferase EP300 and ubiquitinationmediated degradation of histone deacetylase HDAC1 in adult hippocampal neural stem cells(NSCs).Consequently,FMRPdeficient NSCs exhibit elevated histone acetylation and age-related NSC depletion,leading to cognitive impairment in mature adult mice.Reducing histone acetylation rescues both neurogenesis and cognitive deficits in mature adult FMRPdeficient mice.Our work reveals a role for FMRP and histone acetylation in cognition and presents a potential novel ther⁃apeutic strategy for treating adult FXS patients.
文摘2-hydroxy N methyl N phenyl acetamide was synthesized by using N methylaniline, chloracetyl chloride, anhydrous sodium acetate and methanol through the acetylation, esterfication and ester interchange steps. The acetylation of N methylaniline with chloracetyl chloride, catalyzed by triethylamide with mole ratio n (C 6H 5NHCH 3)∶ n (ClCH 2C(O)Cl)∶ n (N(C 2H 5) 3)=1∶1.05∶1, the yield of 2 chloro N methyl N phenyl acetamide(Ⅰ) was 93.8%; Then the esterification of Ⅰ with anhydrous sodium acetate in the presence of phase transfer catalyst tetrabutyl ammonia bromide gave 97.3% yield of 2 acetoxyl N methyl N phenyl acetamide (Ⅱ); The ester interchange of with methanol catalyzed by potassium hydroxide gave 2 hydroxy N methyl N phenyl acetamide (Ⅲ) in 96.4% yield. And the total yield was 88.0%. IR and MS spectroscopy of products were analyzed and their characteristic peaks were assigned. Combining the results of elemental analysis, the molecular structure of Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ was identified.
文摘OBJECTIVE Hyperactivityof hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis is an important aetiological risk factor for the development of depression. Previous studies have demonstrated that the phenolic monomer baicalin has antidepressant-like effects and decreases serum corticosterone levels.However,the mechanism by which baicalin regulates hyperactivity of HPA axis remains unclear. This work aimed to investigate the effects of baicalin on hyperactivity of HPA axis using the olfactory bulbectomised(OBX) rat model of depression. METHODS Animals were anaesthetised with 10% chloral hydrate(3.3 mL·kg^(-1),ip). Using disinfected surgical equipment,the skull covering the olfactory bulbs was exposed by a midline incision. Two burr holes(2 mm diameter) were drilled 8 mm anterior to the bregma and 2 mm lateral to the midline. Both olfactory bulbs were aspirated and the holes filled with glass ionomer cement. The scalp was sutured closed. Sham-operated rats underwent every surgical procedure except the aspiration of the bulbs. The animals received penicillin(8×10~5U) intramuscularly(0.2 mL/300 g) once per day for 3 d post-surgery to prevent infection,and were subsequently housed alone in polypropylene cages. The experiments continued after 14 d of rehabilitation. The following groups were used for experiments: sham-operated(underwent surgical procedure without aspiratedolfactory bulbs and administration of vehicle only),OBX-model(underwent every surgical procedure and administration of vehicle only),OBX-amitriptyline treated(10 mg·kg^(-1)),and OBX-baicalin treatment(20 and 40 mg·kg^(-1)). Amitriptyline and baicalin were dissolved in physiological saline. RESULTS We examined how baicalin altered OBX-induced changes in serum glucocorticoid level as wel as inflammatory responses,sirtuin 1(SIRT1) expression,and p65 acetylation in the hypothalamus. Similar experiments were performed to analyse the effects of baicalin on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses inhypothalamus. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that activation of the SIRT1 in the hypothalamus contributes to hyperactivity of HPA axis,which can be alleviated by baicalin.
基金Project(31660026)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(lzujbky-2016-152)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘Quorum sensing is one kind of cell-to-cell signalling system among microorganisms that works in response to their population density via autoinducers exemplified by AHL and oligopeptides. In this study, fourteen AHL derivatives were synthesised by a chemical synthesis method, and two types of AHL derivatives were measured and screened by crystal violet staining assay, which have more obvious inhibitory effects on A. ferrooxidans biofilms under arsenic environment. Their structures were verified through IR and NMR identification. The morphological changes of A. ferrooxidans under the influence of the AHL derivatives were compared. In addition, the effects of AHL derivatives(0.1 μg/mL and 1 μg/mL) on membrane formation of A. ferrooxidans under high concentration of arsenic resistance(1,600 mg/L) were explored. Solid experimental data firstly showed that a portion of logarithmic microorganisms were ruptured under the effect of high arsenic concentration. Secondly, the volume of the cell shrank and the number of extracellular polymeric substances decreased after the addition of the AHL derivatives at high concentrations. Therefore, we found here that two derivatives used at concentrations of 0.1 μg/mL and 1 μg/m L accompanied with high concentration of arsenic can both effectively restrict biofilms formation by A. ferrooxidans.
文摘Two new chiral stationary phases, 2,3 di O acetyl 6 O trimethylsilyl β cyclodextrin (DATBCD) and 2,6 di O trimethylsilyl 3 O acetyl β cyclodextrin(DTABCD), were synthesized, their structures were identified by means of infrared and NMR spectra. Capillary columns were coated with the two stationary phases by dynamic method. The chromatographic properties, and enantiomers separation, such as ketone, esters, alcohols and olefines, were investigated on the silylated and acetylated β cyclodextrin stationary phases. The experimental results show that the silylated and acetylated β cyclodextrins are suitable to be used as capillary gas chromatographic stationary phases, the relative polarity of DATBCD and DTABCD stationary phases is respectively 4143 and 3928, the column efficiencies are respectively 3084 and 4198, and DATBCD is of stronger enantioselectivity than DTABCD, capacity factor of the first eluted enantiomer ( k 1) and separation factor(α)of α phenylethanol on DATBCD stationary phase are respectively 8.23 and 1.019.
文摘Aim Stable microtubules （MTs） is involved the mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM）, which is induced by acetylation of α-tubulin. The present study investigated whether SIRT2, a deacetylase, regulates MT stability through α-tubulin deacetylation in DCM and whether the receptor of advanced glycation end products （AGEs） signaling pathway is involved in this effect. Methods Type 1 diabetic mellitus （T1DM） rats model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ, 65 mg · kg^-1） , and neonatal rat cardio- myocytes were also cultured. Heart function was detected by Doppler. MT stability was elevated by β-tubulin ex- pression density. The protein expression of SIRT2, acetylated α-tubulin and AGEs receptor were detected by immu- nohistochemistry or Western blots. The interaction of SIRT2 and acetylated α-tubulin was detected by Co-immuno- precipitation. Results In an animal model of T1DM, Western blot and immunohistochemistry revealed downregu- lation of SIRT2 but upregulation of the acetylated α-tubulin protein. These effects were reduced by treatment of aminoguanidine, an inhibitor of AGEs production. HDAC6 expression did not regulated in heart. In primary cul- tures of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, the AGEs treatment impaired the SIRT2/acetylated α-tubulin signaling path- way, and SIRT2-overexpression reversed the function of AGEs on cardiomyocytes. In addition, gene silencing of AGEs receptor alleviated the impairment effect of AGEs on cardiomyocytes. Conclusion In conclusion, these data demonstrate that AGEs/AGEs receptor promote MT stabilization via the suppression of the SIRT2/acetylated α-tu- bulin signaling pathway in DCM development.
文摘In the recent decades oil spills in the aquatic environments are one of the major sources of environmental pollutions, which are steadily growing with the increase in oil consumption. Adsorption is a rapid and cost effective process to minimize the environmental impacts of oil spills and cleanup these pollutants. In this work, the crude oil sorption capacity was examined with raw sugarcane bagasse and acetylated sugarcane bagasse. Results show that the acetylated bagasse was significantly more oleophilic than the raw bagasse and acetylation reaction can increase bagasse oil sorption ability by about 90%. The maximum sorption capacities of acetylated bagasse were obtained about 11.3 g and 9.1 g in dry system(crude oil sorption) and oil layer sorption, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of the sorbents such as composition, water solubility, moisture content and density were measured according to ASTM standard methods. Also Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) of raw and acetylated bagasse was performed to investigate the effect of acetylation on sugarcane bagasse structure.
