In order to understand how chitosan affects disease resistance and quality of navel orange fruit(Citrussinensis L.osbeck)cv.Newhall after harvest,navel orange fruits were treated with 2 g chitosan/100 g solution for 1...In order to understand how chitosan affects disease resistance and quality of navel orange fruit(Citrussinensis L.osbeck)cv.Newhall after harvest,navel orange fruits were treated with 2 g chitosan/100 g solution for 1 min,and some fruits were taken out,dried naturally and inoculated with Penicillium italicum.Then,the fruits were stored at 20℃and 85%to 95%RH.Results indicated that the disease incidence and the lesion diameter in the chitosan-treated fruit are 72.72%and 90.19%,lower than those in control fruit on the 18^th day of incubation.The chitosan treatment maintains the soluble protein content,total phenolic and flavonoid level of navel orange fruit,which maybe involve in the maintenance of disease resistance of navel orange fruit.Treating navel orange fruit with 2 g chitosan/100 g solution effectively reduces the decrease in the content ofascorbic acid(AsA),water,titratable acidity(TA)and total soluble solids(TSS).These results suggested that the treatment with chitosan coating enhances the disease resistance and exhibits a potential for storage life extension of the navel orange fruit stored at ambient temperature.展开更多
In this study,the electrochemical oxidation of reactive brilliant orange X-GN dye with a boron-doped diamond(BDD)anode was investigated.The BDD electrodes were deposited on the niobium(Nb)substrates by the hot filamen...In this study,the electrochemical oxidation of reactive brilliant orange X-GN dye with a boron-doped diamond(BDD)anode was investigated.The BDD electrodes were deposited on the niobium(Nb)substrates by the hot filament chemical vapor deposition method.The effects of processing parameters,such as film thickness,current density,supporting electrolyte concentration,initial solution pH,solution temperature,and initial dye concentration,were evaluated following the variation in the degradation efficiency.The microstructure and the electrochemical property of BDD were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Raman spectroscopy,and electrochemical workstation;and the degradation of X-GN was estimated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry.Further,the results indicated that the film thickness of BDD had a significant impact on the electrolysis of X-GN.After 3 h of treatment,100%color and 63.2%total organic carbon removal was achieved under optimized experimental conditions:current density of 100 mA/cm2,supporting electrolyte concentration of 0.05 mol/L,initial solution pH 3.08,and solution temperature of 60°C.展开更多
In a famous paper published in 1982, a very special class of gunshot residue particles(GSR) was named by Samarendra Basu "peeled orange", due to their particular structure, consisting of a barium/antimony co...In a famous paper published in 1982, a very special class of gunshot residue particles(GSR) was named by Samarendra Basu "peeled orange", due to their particular structure, consisting of a barium/antimony core covered by an outer lead leaflet. In this class of GSR particles the surface may show nodular structures of lead. Basu proposed an explanation in terms of a nucleus of antimony and barium that captures lead vapours produced after the explosion of a cartridge into a firearm: as solidification points of antimony and barium are close one another, both higher than solidification point of lead, he stated that lead occurs as a layer around the core in peeled orange GSR particles. In this paper we study the thermodynamic of the barium/antimony alloy and we hypothesize a formation process in terms of colloidal metal growth, charged particles and electrostatic attraction. We propose an updated model of formation for peeled orange GSR particles that explains the existence of outer lead leaflet and nodules in terms of electrostatic attraction of lead nanoparticles and instability of lead droplets.展开更多
Activated carbon/nanosized CdS/chitosan(AC/n-CdS/CS) composites as adsorbent and photoactive catalyst were prepared under low temperature(≤60 ℃) and ambient pressure.Methyl orange(MO) was chosen as a model pollutant...Activated carbon/nanosized CdS/chitosan(AC/n-CdS/CS) composites as adsorbent and photoactive catalyst were prepared under low temperature(≤60 ℃) and ambient pressure.Methyl orange(MO) was chosen as a model pollutant to evaluate synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalytic decolorization by this innovative photocatalyst under visible light irradiation.Effects of various parameters such as catalyst amount,initial MO concentration,solution pH and reuse of catalyst on the decolorization of MO were investigated to optimize operational conditions.The decolorization of MO catalyzed by AC/n-CdS/CS fits the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics model,and a surface reaction,where the dyes are absorbed,is the controlling step of the process.Decolorization efficiency of MO is improved with the increase in catalyst amount within a certain range.The photodecolorization of MO is more efficient in acidic media than alkaline media.The decolorization efficiency of MO is still higher than 84% after five cycles and 60 min under visible light irradiation,which confirms the reusability of AC/n-CdS/CS composite catalyst.展开更多
The viscous-flow properties of pectin from the residue of orange peel after extraction of essential oil and flavonoid were studied and the viscosity-average molecular mass(Mv,ave) of this kind of pectin was determined...The viscous-flow properties of pectin from the residue of orange peel after extraction of essential oil and flavonoid were studied and the viscosity-average molecular mass(Mv,ave) of this kind of pectin was determined.Experimental results show that Arrhenius viscous-flow equation can be applied to describing the effect of temperature on viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin solutions with the average viscous-flow activation energy being 17.91 kJ/mol(depending on the concentration).Neither power equation,η =K1 cA1,nor exponential equation,η=K2exp(A2c) can describe the effect of concentration on viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin solutions well.However,it seems that exponential equation model is more suitable to describe their relation due to its higher linear correlation coefficient.Schulz-Blaschke equation can be used to calculate the intrinsic viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin.The Mv,ave of the orange peel pectin is 1.65×105 g/mol.展开更多
Mesoporous carbon CMK-3 was synthesized by using SBA-15 silica mesoporous as hard template and characterized through nitrogen adsorption/desorption and low angle X-ray diffraction.As-prepared material with large pores...Mesoporous carbon CMK-3 was synthesized by using SBA-15 silica mesoporous as hard template and characterized through nitrogen adsorption/desorption and low angle X-ray diffraction.As-prepared material with large pores and high surface area was used to remove Orange G dye from aqueous solution.Adsorption experiments were carried out as batch studies at variety of contact times,pH,initial dye concentrations,temperatures and salt concentrations.Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were employed to simulate the equilibrium data of anionic dye.It was found that the equilibrium data were well represented by the Langmuir isotherm,yielding maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 189 mg/g.Experimental data were analyzed using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models and obtained results indicated that kinetics followed a pseudo-second order equation.展开更多
Many sub-products of pulsed discharge,such as ultraviolet light,strong electric fields,shock waves and active species,are effective in treating wastewater.To improve the efficiency of the discharge plasma technology i...Many sub-products of pulsed discharge,such as ultraviolet light,strong electric fields,shock waves and active species,are effective in treating wastewater.To improve the efficiency of the discharge plasma technology in removing pollutants,adding TiO2 photo-catalyst to pulsed discharges could help.A negative-pulsed-discharge system,which has nozzle discharge electrodes with or without TiO2 coating,is used to degrade azo dye Acid Orange Ⅱ,and the effects of several key conditions(maximum pulse voltage,pulse repetition frequency,initial mass concentration of Acid Orange Ⅱ initial solution pH,treatment duration,the phase of discharge,and the existence of TiO2) on the degradation are experimentally investigated.The degradation of Acid Orange Ⅱ increases with maximum pulse voltage,pulse repetition frequency,and treatment duration,and it is larger when putting the discharge electrode on the solution surface than in air or inside the solution,i.e.the discharge in gas phase is more effective than that in gas-liquid phase or liquid phase.The degradation decreases as the initial mass concentration of the solution increases.It also relates to pH and is higher at acidic conditions than at neutral or alkaline conditions.Compared to treatments without TiO2,the ones using the nozzle discharge electrode with TiO2 coated increase the degradation of Acid Orange Ⅱ by 5 %.It is concluded that the proposed system with TiO2 added in can remove Acid Orange Ⅱ from wastewater effectively.展开更多
为平衡有限算力嵌入式系统检测目标的实时性和准确率,基于Roofline理论以降低访存量和计算量为出发点提出一种YOLOv8n-Light橙果识别模型。引入ShuffleNetv2轻量级主干网络代替原Backbone复杂冗余卷积,根据橙果目标特点设计基于共享卷...为平衡有限算力嵌入式系统检测目标的实时性和准确率,基于Roofline理论以降低访存量和计算量为出发点提出一种YOLOv8n-Light橙果识别模型。引入ShuffleNetv2轻量级主干网络代替原Backbone复杂冗余卷积,根据橙果目标特点设计基于共享卷积的轻量化探头以替换原检测头,借助SEAttention注意力机制重构Concat模块,结合MPDIoU与Focaler-IoU思想优化损失函数以重分配准确率(P)与召回率(R)比例,利用2500幅图像数据构建改进模型数据集。结果表明,改进模型YOLOv8n-Light准确率为96.5%,较原YOLOv8n模型提升2.2个百分点,召回率为89.5%,平均精度(mAP)为97.0%;在Raspberry Pi 4B 8G平台上推理速度为每秒2.8帧,较原模型提升64.7%;果园试验中引导采摘机械臂末端执行器在X、Y、Z方向上的平均定位误差分别为2.48、3.13、4.13 mm,识别准确率97.59%,定位准确率96.39%,采摘成功率93.98%。该算法可为柑橘类果实识别模型轻量化改进和采摘机具研发提供依据和参考。展开更多
文摘In order to understand how chitosan affects disease resistance and quality of navel orange fruit(Citrussinensis L.osbeck)cv.Newhall after harvest,navel orange fruits were treated with 2 g chitosan/100 g solution for 1 min,and some fruits were taken out,dried naturally and inoculated with Penicillium italicum.Then,the fruits were stored at 20℃and 85%to 95%RH.Results indicated that the disease incidence and the lesion diameter in the chitosan-treated fruit are 72.72%and 90.19%,lower than those in control fruit on the 18^th day of incubation.The chitosan treatment maintains the soluble protein content,total phenolic and flavonoid level of navel orange fruit,which maybe involve in the maintenance of disease resistance of navel orange fruit.Treating navel orange fruit with 2 g chitosan/100 g solution effectively reduces the decrease in the content ofascorbic acid(AsA),water,titratable acidity(TA)and total soluble solids(TSS).These results suggested that the treatment with chitosan coating enhances the disease resistance and exhibits a potential for storage life extension of the navel orange fruit stored at ambient temperature.
基金Project(2016YEB0301402) supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(51601226) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+1 种基金Project supported by the Open-End Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University,ChinaProject supported by State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy,China
文摘In this study,the electrochemical oxidation of reactive brilliant orange X-GN dye with a boron-doped diamond(BDD)anode was investigated.The BDD electrodes were deposited on the niobium(Nb)substrates by the hot filament chemical vapor deposition method.The effects of processing parameters,such as film thickness,current density,supporting electrolyte concentration,initial solution pH,solution temperature,and initial dye concentration,were evaluated following the variation in the degradation efficiency.The microstructure and the electrochemical property of BDD were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Raman spectroscopy,and electrochemical workstation;and the degradation of X-GN was estimated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry.Further,the results indicated that the film thickness of BDD had a significant impact on the electrolysis of X-GN.After 3 h of treatment,100%color and 63.2%total organic carbon removal was achieved under optimized experimental conditions:current density of 100 mA/cm2,supporting electrolyte concentration of 0.05 mol/L,initial solution pH 3.08,and solution temperature of 60°C.
文摘In a famous paper published in 1982, a very special class of gunshot residue particles(GSR) was named by Samarendra Basu "peeled orange", due to their particular structure, consisting of a barium/antimony core covered by an outer lead leaflet. In this class of GSR particles the surface may show nodular structures of lead. Basu proposed an explanation in terms of a nucleus of antimony and barium that captures lead vapours produced after the explosion of a cartridge into a firearm: as solidification points of antimony and barium are close one another, both higher than solidification point of lead, he stated that lead occurs as a layer around the core in peeled orange GSR particles. In this paper we study the thermodynamic of the barium/antimony alloy and we hypothesize a formation process in terms of colloidal metal growth, charged particles and electrostatic attraction. We propose an updated model of formation for peeled orange GSR particles that explains the existence of outer lead leaflet and nodules in terms of electrostatic attraction of lead nanoparticles and instability of lead droplets.
基金Project(21007044) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20050532009) supported by the Doctoral Foundation of Ministry of Education of China
文摘Activated carbon/nanosized CdS/chitosan(AC/n-CdS/CS) composites as adsorbent and photoactive catalyst were prepared under low temperature(≤60 ℃) and ambient pressure.Methyl orange(MO) was chosen as a model pollutant to evaluate synergistic effect of adsorption and photocatalytic decolorization by this innovative photocatalyst under visible light irradiation.Effects of various parameters such as catalyst amount,initial MO concentration,solution pH and reuse of catalyst on the decolorization of MO were investigated to optimize operational conditions.The decolorization of MO catalyzed by AC/n-CdS/CS fits the Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics model,and a surface reaction,where the dyes are absorbed,is the controlling step of the process.Decolorization efficiency of MO is improved with the increase in catalyst amount within a certain range.The photodecolorization of MO is more efficient in acidic media than alkaline media.The decolorization efficiency of MO is still higher than 84% after five cycles and 60 min under visible light irradiation,which confirms the reusability of AC/n-CdS/CS composite catalyst.
基金Project(104-0071) supported by Foundation of Talents of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,China
文摘The viscous-flow properties of pectin from the residue of orange peel after extraction of essential oil and flavonoid were studied and the viscosity-average molecular mass(Mv,ave) of this kind of pectin was determined.Experimental results show that Arrhenius viscous-flow equation can be applied to describing the effect of temperature on viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin solutions with the average viscous-flow activation energy being 17.91 kJ/mol(depending on the concentration).Neither power equation,η =K1 cA1,nor exponential equation,η=K2exp(A2c) can describe the effect of concentration on viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin solutions well.However,it seems that exponential equation model is more suitable to describe their relation due to its higher linear correlation coefficient.Schulz-Blaschke equation can be used to calculate the intrinsic viscosity of this kind of orange peel pectin.The Mv,ave of the orange peel pectin is 1.65×105 g/mol.
基金the research council of Science and Research campus of Islamic Azad University for the financial support
文摘Mesoporous carbon CMK-3 was synthesized by using SBA-15 silica mesoporous as hard template and characterized through nitrogen adsorption/desorption and low angle X-ray diffraction.As-prepared material with large pores and high surface area was used to remove Orange G dye from aqueous solution.Adsorption experiments were carried out as batch studies at variety of contact times,pH,initial dye concentrations,temperatures and salt concentrations.Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were employed to simulate the equilibrium data of anionic dye.It was found that the equilibrium data were well represented by the Langmuir isotherm,yielding maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 189 mg/g.Experimental data were analyzed using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models and obtained results indicated that kinetics followed a pseudo-second order equation.
基金Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （51207089）, Shang- hai Maritime University （20120097）.
文摘Many sub-products of pulsed discharge,such as ultraviolet light,strong electric fields,shock waves and active species,are effective in treating wastewater.To improve the efficiency of the discharge plasma technology in removing pollutants,adding TiO2 photo-catalyst to pulsed discharges could help.A negative-pulsed-discharge system,which has nozzle discharge electrodes with or without TiO2 coating,is used to degrade azo dye Acid Orange Ⅱ,and the effects of several key conditions(maximum pulse voltage,pulse repetition frequency,initial mass concentration of Acid Orange Ⅱ initial solution pH,treatment duration,the phase of discharge,and the existence of TiO2) on the degradation are experimentally investigated.The degradation of Acid Orange Ⅱ increases with maximum pulse voltage,pulse repetition frequency,and treatment duration,and it is larger when putting the discharge electrode on the solution surface than in air or inside the solution,i.e.the discharge in gas phase is more effective than that in gas-liquid phase or liquid phase.The degradation decreases as the initial mass concentration of the solution increases.It also relates to pH and is higher at acidic conditions than at neutral or alkaline conditions.Compared to treatments without TiO2,the ones using the nozzle discharge electrode with TiO2 coated increase the degradation of Acid Orange Ⅱ by 5 %.It is concluded that the proposed system with TiO2 added in can remove Acid Orange Ⅱ from wastewater effectively.
文摘为平衡有限算力嵌入式系统检测目标的实时性和准确率,基于Roofline理论以降低访存量和计算量为出发点提出一种YOLOv8n-Light橙果识别模型。引入ShuffleNetv2轻量级主干网络代替原Backbone复杂冗余卷积,根据橙果目标特点设计基于共享卷积的轻量化探头以替换原检测头,借助SEAttention注意力机制重构Concat模块,结合MPDIoU与Focaler-IoU思想优化损失函数以重分配准确率(P)与召回率(R)比例,利用2500幅图像数据构建改进模型数据集。结果表明,改进模型YOLOv8n-Light准确率为96.5%,较原YOLOv8n模型提升2.2个百分点,召回率为89.5%,平均精度(mAP)为97.0%;在Raspberry Pi 4B 8G平台上推理速度为每秒2.8帧,较原模型提升64.7%;果园试验中引导采摘机械臂末端执行器在X、Y、Z方向上的平均定位误差分别为2.48、3.13、4.13 mm,识别准确率97.59%,定位准确率96.39%,采摘成功率93.98%。该算法可为柑橘类果实识别模型轻量化改进和采摘机具研发提供依据和参考。
