Background GOSSYM is a mechanistic,process-based cotton model that can simulate cotton crop growth and development,yield,and fiber quality.Its fiber quality module was developed based on controlled experiments explici...Background GOSSYM is a mechanistic,process-based cotton model that can simulate cotton crop growth and development,yield,and fiber quality.Its fiber quality module was developed based on controlled experiments explicitly conducted on the Texas Marker^(-1)(TM1)variety,potentially making its functional equations more aligned with this cultivar.To assess the model’s broader applicability,this study analyzed fiber quality data from 40 upland cotton cultivars,including TM1.The measured fiber quality from all cultivars was then compared with the modelsimulated fiber quality.Results Among the 40 upland cultivars,fiber strength varied from 28.4 cN·tex^(-1) to 34.6 cN·tex^(-1),fiber length ranged from 27.1 mm to 33.3 mm,micronaire value ranged from 2.7 to 4.6,and length uniformity index varied from 82.3%to 85.5%.The model simulated fiber quality closely matched the measured values for TM1,with the absolute percentage error(APE)being less than 0.92%for fiber strength,fiber length,and length uniformity index and 4.7%for micronaire.However,significant differences were observed for the other cultivars.The Pearson correlation coefficient(r)between the measured and simulated values was negative for all fiber quality traits,and Wilmotts’s index of agreement(WIA)was below 0.45,indicating a strong model bias toward TM1 without incorporating cultivar-specific parameters.After incorporating cultivar-specific parameters,the model’s performance improved significantly,with an average r-value of 0.84 and WIA of 0.88.Conclusions The adopted methodology and estimated cultivar-specific parameters improved the model’s simulation accuracy.This approach can be applied to newer cotton cultivars,enhancing the GOSSYM model’s utility and its applicability for agricultural management and policy decisions.展开更多
Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivati...Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivation of enhanced hybrid plants with desired traits,such as high yield and fine fiber quality.In this study,the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA)of yield and fiber quality of nine cotton parents(six lines and three testers)and eighteen F1 crosses produced using a line×tester mating design were analyzed.Results The results revealed significant effects of genotypes,parents,crosses,and interactions between parents and crosses for most of the studied traits.Moreover,the effects of both additive and non-additive gene actions played a notably significant role in the inheritance of most of the yield and fiber quality attributes.The F1 hybrids of(Giza 90×Aust)×Giza 86,Uzbekistan 1×Giza 97,and Giza 96×Giza 97 demonstrated superior performance due to their favorable integration of high yield attributes and premium fiber quality characteristics.Path analysis revealed that lint yield has the highest positive direct effect on seed cotton yield,while lint percentage showed the highest negative direct effect on seed cotton yield.Principal component analysis identified specific parents and hybrids associated with higher cotton yield,fiber quality,and other agronomic traits.Conclusion This study provides insights into identifying potential single-and three-way cross hybrids with superior cotton yield and fiber quality characteristics,laying a foundation for future research on improving fiber quality in cotton.展开更多
Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield stabilit...Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield stability.In the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after blooming.Results The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton yield.Likewise,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton cultivars.The application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton cultivars.Similarly,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil contents.Treatment in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional cultivar.Conclusion The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.展开更多
Background The quality of cotton fiber determines its value in the textile market,influencing agricultural profitability and the efficiency of textile processing.The selection of genotypes with superior fibers is a ke...Background The quality of cotton fiber determines its value in the textile market,influencing agricultural profitability and the efficiency of textile processing.The selection of genotypes with superior fibers is a key factor for genetic improvement programs seeking adaptability and sustainability in the face of climate change.This demonstrates the strategic importance of this plant for sustainable agriculture and the global textile industry.The objective of this research was to decipher the fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense var.brasiliensis in the native Amazonian communities of La Convención,Cusco-Perú,and to evaluate other critical aspects of native cotton that have not yet been identified.The methodology included non-probability sampling for accessibility,qualitative and quantitative analyses,and multivariate analyses.The fiber length(mm),micronaire index(maturity/fineness),fiber strength(gf/tex),length uniformity index(%),fiber elongation(%),maturation index(%),and short fiber index(%)were the fiber characteristics evaluated using the HVI method in cotton genotypes.Results Cotton accessions collected from Koribeni(Gossypium spp.)and Shivankoreni(Gossypium barbadense var.brasiliensis)stood out for their fiber quality properties,especially length,strength,and uniformity,which highlights their relevance for advanced textile applications and potential for use in plant genetic improvement programs.Conclusion These findings reinforce the need to conserve and study these native cotton accessions from the Peruvian Amazon region,which can offer promising perspectives for the textile industry and agricultural biodiversity.展开更多
Background:Genetic improvement in fiber quality is one of the main challenges for cotton breeders.Quantitative trait loci(QTL)mapping provides a powerful approach to dissect the molecular mechanism in fiber quality tr...Background:Genetic improvement in fiber quality is one of the main challenges for cotton breeders.Quantitative trait loci(QTL)mapping provides a powerful approach to dissect the molecular mechanism in fiber quality traits.In present study,F14 recombinant inbred line(RIL)population was backcrossed to paternal parent for a paternal backcross(BC/P)population,deriving from one upland cotton hybrid.Three repetitive BC/P field trials and one maternal backcross(BC/M)field trial were performed including both two BC populations and the original RIL population.Results:In total,24 novel QTLs are detected for fiber quality traits and among which 13 QTLs validated previous results.Thirty-five QTLs in BC/P populations explain 5.01%–22.09%of phenotype variation(PV).Among the 35 QTLs,23 QTLs are detected in BC/P population alone.Present study provides novel alleles of male parent for fiber quality traits with positive genetic effects.Particularly,qFS-Chr3–1 explains 22.09%of PV in BC/P population,which increaseds 0.48 cN·tex−1 for fiber strength.A total of 7,2,8,2 and 6 QTLs explain over 10.00%of PV for fiber length,fiber uniformity,fiber strength,fiber elongation and fiber micronaire,respectively.In RIL population,six common QTLs are detected in more than one environment:qFL-Chr1–2,qFS-Chr5–1,qFS-Chr9–1,qFS-Chr21–1,qFM-Chr9–1 and qFM-Chr9–2.Two common QTLs of qFE-Chr2–2(TMB2386-SWU12343)and qFM-Chr9–1(NAU2873-CGR6771)explain 22.42%and 21.91%of PV.The region between NAU4034 and TMB1296 harbor 30 genes(379 kb)in A05 and 42 genes(49 kb)in D05 for fiber length along the QTL qFL-Chr5–1 in BC/P population,respectively.In addition,a total of 142 and 46 epistatic QTLs and QTL×environments(E-QTLs and QQEs)are identified in recombinant inbred lines in paternal backcross(RIL-P)and paternal backcross(BC/P)populations,respectively.Conclusions:The present studies provide informative basis for improving cotton fiber quality in different populations.展开更多
Background:Nitrogen(N)is important for improving various morphological and physiological processes of cotton but their contribution to fiber quality is still lacking.Aims:The current study aimed to explore the relatio...Background:Nitrogen(N)is important for improving various morphological and physiological processes of cotton but their contribution to fiber quality is still lacking.Aims:The current study aimed to explore the relationship between root morphology,subtending leaf physiology,and fiber quality of contrasting N-efficient cotton genotypes in response to N.Methods:We analyzed the above parameters of CCRI 69(N-efficient)and Xinluzao-30(XLZ-30,N-inefficient)under control(2.5 mmol·L^(-1))and high N(5 mmol·L^(-1))conditions.Results:The results showed that root morphological traits were increased in CCRI-69 under control conditions than high N.Subtending leaf morphology,chlorophyll and carotenoid contents,free amino acids,and soluble proteins were higher under high N as compared with the control.However,soluble sugars,fructose,sucrose contents,and sucrose phosphate synthase were higher under control conditions than high N across the growth stages.Irrespective of the N conditions,all morphological and physiological traits of cotton subtending leaf were higher in CCRI-69 than XLZ-30.Except for fiber uniformity,fiber quality traits like fiber length,strength,micronaire,and elongation were improved under control conditions than high N.Between the genotypes,CCRI-69 had significantly higher fiber length,strength,micronaire,and elongation as compared with XLZ-30.Strong positive correlations were found between root morphology,soluble sugars,sucrose content,and sucrose phosphate synthase activity with fiber quality traits,respectively.Conclusions:These findings suggest that CCRI-69 performed better in terms of growth and fiber quality under relatively low N condition,which will help to reduce fertilizer use,the cost of production,and environmental pollution.展开更多
Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in the world,and it provides natural fiber for the textile industry.With the advancement of the textile technology and increased consumption demands on cotton fiber,b...Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in the world,and it provides natural fiber for the textile industry.With the advancement of the textile technology and increased consumption demands on cotton fiber,both cotton yield and quality should be enhanced.However,cotton yield展开更多
The fiber quality status is very important for super quality cotton production and diverse requirements of textile industry in China.In this study,the quality of cotton fiber samples which are collected from 13 major ...The fiber quality status is very important for super quality cotton production and diverse requirements of textile industry in China.In this study,the quality of cotton fiber samples which are collected from 13 major cotton production provinces between 2001 to 2005 were analyzed.Eight quality展开更多
Background:Cotton fiber quality and seed composition play vital roles in the economics of cotton production systems and the cottonseed meal industry.This research aimed to examine the effects of different irrigation l...Background:Cotton fiber quality and seed composition play vital roles in the economics of cotton production systems and the cottonseed meal industry.This research aimed to examine the effects of different irrigation levels and planting geometries on fiber quality and seed composition of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).We conducted a 2-year study in 2018 and 2019 in a warm,humid area in the Southeast United States on Dundee silt loam soil.There were three irrigation treatments in the study.The treatments included irrigating every furrow,or full irrigation(FI),every alternate furrow,or half irrigation(HI),and no irrigation,or rain-fed(RF).Planting geometries were on ridges spaced 102 cm apart and either a single-row(SR)or twin-rows(TR).Results:The results of high-volume instrument(HVI),advanced fiber information systems(AFIS)and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)showed that irrigation and planting treatments played a significant role in fiber quality and seed composition.Across irrigation treatments,significant differences were seen in fiber properties,including fineness,maturity ratio,micronaire,neps,short fiber,strength,uniformity,upper half mean length(UHML),upper quartile length by weight(UQLw),and yellowness(+b).Irrigation and planting geometry(PG)had a significant effect on micronaire,strength,and UHML while their interaction was significant only for micronaire.The micronaire was negatively affected by irrigation as FI-SR,FI-TR,HI-SR,and HI-TR recorded 11%~12%lower over the RF-SR and TR treatments.The PG played a minor role in determining fiber quality traits like micronaire and nep count.Irrigation treatments produced significantly lower(3%~4%)protein content than rain-fed,while oil content increased significantly(6%~10%).Conclusions:The study results indicate a potential for improving cotton fiber and seed qualities by managing irrigation and planting geometries in cotton production systems in the Mississippi(MS)Delta region.The HI-TR system appears promising for lint and seed quality.展开更多
Background: Producing rainfed cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmenta...Background: Producing rainfed cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmental stages.Genetic variation created by Ethyl MethaneSulfonate(EMS) mutagen has successfully improved fiber quality of cotton. However, little is known about the effect of water deficit environments on fiber quality. Three EMS treated populations were advanced from the first to the fourth generation(M1 to M4) as bulk harvested populations. In2014, single-plant divergent selection was applied based on perceived morphological and agronomic differences seen during and at the end of the season.Results: Analyses from these selections in 2014-2016 showed significant(P< 0.05) improvement between and within populations for fiber traits(micronaire, length, strength, uniformity, and elongation) when compared with the original non-treated EMS source; some selections were found to have excellent fiber quality under diverse irrigationregimes.Conclusions: Some of these selections are being considered for germplasm release and could be useful for improving the fiber quality of cotton under water limited conditions, thereby helping to ensure the long-term survival of the cotton industry on the Texas High Plains.展开更多
Background:Meta-analysis of quantitative trait locus(QTL)is a computational technique to identify consensus QTL and refine QTL positions on the consensus map from multiple mapping studies.The combination of meta-QTL i...Background:Meta-analysis of quantitative trait locus(QTL)is a computational technique to identify consensus QTL and refine QTL positions on the consensus map from multiple mapping studies.The combination of meta-QTL intervals,significant SNPs and transcriptome analysis has been widely used to identify candidate genes in various plants.Results:In our study,884 QTLs associated with cotton fiber quality traits from 12 studies were used for meta-QTL analysis based on reference genome TM-1,as a result,74 meta-QTLs were identified,including 19 meta-QTLs for fiber length;18 meta-QTLs for fiber strength;11 meta-QTLs for fiber uniformity;11 meta-QTLs for fiber elongation;and 15 meta-QTLs for micronaire.Combined with 8589 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with fiber quality traits collected from 15 studies,297 candidate genes were identified in the meta-QTL intervals,20 of which showed high expression levels specifically in the developing fibers.According to the function annotations,some of the 20 key candidate genes are associated with the fiber development.Conclusions:This study provides not only stable QTLs used for marker-assisted selection,but also candidate genes to uncover the molecular mechanisms for cotton fiber development.展开更多
In order to improve fiber quality of green cotton,a wide hybrid was used between a green fiber cotton and Sea Island cotton.The results show that the hybrid F1 plants were stable,but F2
Cotton fiber is a commodity of key economic importance in both developed and developing countries.The two cultivated species,Gossypium hirsutum and G.barbadense,are
Cotton is the worlds leading natural fiber crop,and it is the cornerstone of textile industries worldwide.The cotton industry is confronted with problems in cost of production and
Upper-half-mean length(Len),uniformity index(UI),breaking tenacity(Str),and micronaire value(Mic) are the key quality parameters of cotton fiber.In this study,182 upland cotton
To introgress elite QTL alleles of Gossypium barbadense L.for fiber yield and quality and resistance to Verticillium wilt into G.hirsutum L.,enlarge the genetic base of G.hirsutum,and
Gene expression profiling at early stages(0～2 DPA) of fiber development in Gossypium hirsutum identified a number of transcription factors which were down regulated in fiberless mutants relative to wild type controls...Gene expression profiling at early stages(0～2 DPA) of fiber development in Gossypium hirsutum identified a number of transcription factors which were down regulated in fiberless mutants relative to wild type controls and which could play a role in controlling early fiber development.Chief among these was GhMYB25,a Mixta-like MYB gene.Transgenic GhMYB25-silenced cotton展开更多
Background Zinc(Zn),being the most deficient micronutrient,can largely limit plant growth and development on alkaline calcareous soil.Crop species and varieties within species differently require Zn for optimum produc...Background Zinc(Zn),being the most deficient micronutrient,can largely limit plant growth and development on alkaline calcareous soil.Crop species and varieties within species differently require Zn for optimum productivity.The current study aimed to optimize Zn level and mode of application for better growth,yield,and fiber quality of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).The experimental plan comprised a control group with no Zn application,three Zn levels through soil application,i.e.5 mg·kg^(-1)(SZn5),10 mg·kg^(-1)(SZn10),and 15 mg·kg^(-1)(SZn15),two levels of foliar application including 0.5%(FZn0.5)and 1%(FZn1)Zn solution,and various combinations of soil plus foliar application.Two cotton cultivars,CIM-663(Bt)and Cyto-124(non-Bt)were used,and each treatment was replicated thrice.Results Zinc nutrition caused a significant(P≤0.05)improvement in growth,yield,physiological,and fiber quality characteristics of both cotton cultivars.All levels and modes of Zn application were found effective in improving cotton productivity on alkaline calcareous soil.However,integrated soil application and foliar spray showed superiority over sole soil or foliar application.Among different treatments,SZn15+FZn1 caused the highest improvement in most of the observed growth and yield traits.The said treatment maximally increased the leaf Zn concentration by 270.5%and 218.4%with a subsequent increase in plant height 23.2%and 28.0%,monopodial branches 40.7%and 42.1%,sympodial branches 37.2%and 35.2%,seed cotton yield 32.5%and 36.6%,and lint yield 30.0%and 34.6%in CIM-663 and Cyto-124,respectively,compared with the control.SZn15+FZn1 also caused the highest increase in relative water contents 32.6%and 22.4%,chlorophyll contents 92.0%and 67.1%,and stomatal conductance 112.8%and 100.8%in CIM-663 and Cyto-124,respectively,compared with the control.Among the fiber quality characteristics,fiber fineness was maximally improved by 19.7%and 15.9%in CIM-663 and Cyto-124,respectively,with SZn15+FZn1 compared with the control.Leaf Zn concentration was positively correlated with fiber length(R2=0.7173),fiber strength(R2=0.5483),and fiber fineness(R2=0.6379)of both cotton cultivars grown with different levels and application modes of Zn.The benefit-cost ratio was remarkably improved with Zn nutrition,and the highest value of 1.64 was found in CIM-663 at SZn10+FZn1 and SZn15+FZn1.Conclusion The plant growth,physiological,yield,and fiber quality characteristics of cotton cultivars were significantly improved with Zn supply at different levels and modes of application.SZn15+FZN1 could be recommended to get optimum seed cotton yield and fiber quality of cotton on alkaline calcareous soil.展开更多
Background Soil available phosphorus(AP)deficiency significantly limits cotton production,particularly in arid and saline-alkaline regions.Screening cotton cultivars for low phosphorus(P)tolerance is crucial for the s...Background Soil available phosphorus(AP)deficiency significantly limits cotton production,particularly in arid and saline-alkaline regions.Screening cotton cultivars for low phosphorus(P)tolerance is crucial for the sustainable development of cotton production.However,the effect of different growth media on the screening outcomes remains unclear.To address this,we evaluated the low P tolerance of 25 cotton cultivars through hydroponic culture at two P levels(0.01 and 0.5 mmol·L^(-1) KH_(2)PO_(4))in 2018 and field culture with two P rates(0 and 90 kg·hm^(-2),in P2O5)in 2019.Results In the hydroponic experiments,principal component analysis(PCA)showed that shoot dry weight(SDW)and P utilization efficiency in shoots(PUES)of cotton seedlings explained over 45%of the genetic variation in P nutri-tion.Cotton cultivars were subjected to comprehensive cluster analysis,utilizing agronomic traits(SDW and PUES)during the seedling stage(hydroponic)and yield and fiber quality traits during the mature stage(in field).These cultivars were grouped into four clusters:resistant,moderately resistant,moderately sensitive,and sensitive.In low P conditions(0.01 mmol·L^(-1) KH_(2)PO_(4) and 4.5 mg·kg^(-1) AP),the low-P-resistant cluster showed significantly smaller reduc-tions in SDW(54%),seed cotton yield(3%),lint yield(-2%),fiber length(-1)%),and fiber strength(-3%)compared with the low-P-sensitive cluster(75%,13%,17%,7%,and 9%,respectively).The increase in PUES(299%)in the resist-ant cluster was also significantly higher than in the sensitive cluster(131%).Four of the eight low-P-tolerant cotton cultivars identified in the field and six in the hydroponic screening overlapped in both screenings.Two cultivars overlapped in both screening in the low-P-sensitive cluster.Conclusion Based on the screenings from both field and hydroponic cultures,ZM-9131,CCRI-79,JM-958,and J-228 were identified as low-P-tolerant cotton cultivars,while JM-169,XM-33B,SCRC-28,and LNM-18 were identified as low P-sensitive cotton cultivars.The relationship between field and hydroponic screening results for low-P-tolerant cotton cultivars was strong,although field validation is still required.The low P tolerance of these cultivars was closely associ-ated with SDW and PUES.展开更多
Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is one of the most important global crops that supports the textile industry and pro-vides a living for millions of farmers.The constantly increasing demand needs a significant rise in cot...Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is one of the most important global crops that supports the textile industry and pro-vides a living for millions of farmers.The constantly increasing demand needs a significant rise in cotton production.Genome editing technology,specifically with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)tools,has opened new possibilities for trait development in cotton.It allows pre-cise and efficient manipulation within the cotton genome when compared with other genetic engineering tools.Current developments in CRISPR/Cas technology,including prime editing,base editing,and multiplexing editing,have expanded the scope of traits in cotton breeding that can be targeted.CRISPR/Cas genome editing has been employed to generate effectively CRISPRized cotton plants with enhanced agronomic traits,including fiber yield and quality,oil improvement,stress resistance,and enhanced nutrition.Here we summarized the various target genes within the cotton genome which have been successfully altered with CRISPR/Cas tools.However,some challenges remain,cotton is tetraploid genome having redundant gene sets and homologs making challenges for genome edit-ing.To ensure specificity and avoiding off-target effects,we need to optimize various parameters such as target site,guide RNA design,and choosing right Cas variants.We outline the future prospects of CRISPR/Cas in cotton breeding,suggesting areas for further research and innovation.A combination of speed breeding and CRISPR/Cas might be useful for fastening trait development in cotton.The potentials to create customized cotton cultivars with enhanced traits to meet the higher demands for the agriculture and textile industry.展开更多
基金supported by United States Department of Agriculture,Agricultural Research Service(No.58-8042-9-072)United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture(No.2019-34263-30552)+1 种基金Management Information System(No.043050)United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Non-Assistance Cooperative Agreement(No.58-6066-2-030).
文摘Background GOSSYM is a mechanistic,process-based cotton model that can simulate cotton crop growth and development,yield,and fiber quality.Its fiber quality module was developed based on controlled experiments explicitly conducted on the Texas Marker^(-1)(TM1)variety,potentially making its functional equations more aligned with this cultivar.To assess the model’s broader applicability,this study analyzed fiber quality data from 40 upland cotton cultivars,including TM1.The measured fiber quality from all cultivars was then compared with the modelsimulated fiber quality.Results Among the 40 upland cultivars,fiber strength varied from 28.4 cN·tex^(-1) to 34.6 cN·tex^(-1),fiber length ranged from 27.1 mm to 33.3 mm,micronaire value ranged from 2.7 to 4.6,and length uniformity index varied from 82.3%to 85.5%.The model simulated fiber quality closely matched the measured values for TM1,with the absolute percentage error(APE)being less than 0.92%for fiber strength,fiber length,and length uniformity index and 4.7%for micronaire.However,significant differences were observed for the other cultivars.The Pearson correlation coefficient(r)between the measured and simulated values was negative for all fiber quality traits,and Wilmotts’s index of agreement(WIA)was below 0.45,indicating a strong model bias toward TM1 without incorporating cultivar-specific parameters.After incorporating cultivar-specific parameters,the model’s performance improved significantly,with an average r-value of 0.84 and WIA of 0.88.Conclusions The adopted methodology and estimated cultivar-specific parameters improved the model’s simulation accuracy.This approach can be applied to newer cotton cultivars,enhancing the GOSSYM model’s utility and its applicability for agricultural management and policy decisions.
文摘Background As the most widely cultivated fiber crop,cotton production depends on hybridization to unlock the yield potential of current varieties.A deep understanding of genetic dissection is crucial for the cultivation of enhanced hybrid plants with desired traits,such as high yield and fine fiber quality.In this study,the general combining ability(GCA)and specific combining ability(SCA)of yield and fiber quality of nine cotton parents(six lines and three testers)and eighteen F1 crosses produced using a line×tester mating design were analyzed.Results The results revealed significant effects of genotypes,parents,crosses,and interactions between parents and crosses for most of the studied traits.Moreover,the effects of both additive and non-additive gene actions played a notably significant role in the inheritance of most of the yield and fiber quality attributes.The F1 hybrids of(Giza 90×Aust)×Giza 86,Uzbekistan 1×Giza 97,and Giza 96×Giza 97 demonstrated superior performance due to their favorable integration of high yield attributes and premium fiber quality characteristics.Path analysis revealed that lint yield has the highest positive direct effect on seed cotton yield,while lint percentage showed the highest negative direct effect on seed cotton yield.Principal component analysis identified specific parents and hybrids associated with higher cotton yield,fiber quality,and other agronomic traits.Conclusion This study provides insights into identifying potential single-and three-way cross hybrids with superior cotton yield and fiber quality characteristics,laying a foundation for future research on improving fiber quality in cotton.
文摘Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and improving quality and yield stability.In the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,moringa leaf extract(MLE)and mepiquat chloride(MC)alone and in combination MC and MLE on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIM 573)and transgenic one(CIM 598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom,45 and 90 days after blooming.Results The application of MC and MLE at 90 days after blooming significantly improved the relative growth rate,net assimilation rate,the number of bolls per plant,and seed cotton yield.Likewise,the combined application of MLE and MC at 90 days after blooming significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium uptake in the leaves of both cotton cultivars.The application of MLE alone has considerably improved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton cultivars.Similarly,Bt cotton treated with MLE at 90 days after blooming produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil contents.Treatment in combination(MLE+MC)at 90 days after blooming produced considerably higher micronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional cultivar.Conclusion The natural growth enhancer,MLE is a rich source of minerals and zeatin,improving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.
基金funded by Universidad Nacional Intercultural de Quillabamba,grant number 031-2023-CCO-UNIQ in the project“Variabilidad genética,distribución,impacto socioeconómico y calidad de algodónGossypiumspp.en Echarate y Megantoni Provincia de La Convención-Cusco”。
文摘Background The quality of cotton fiber determines its value in the textile market,influencing agricultural profitability and the efficiency of textile processing.The selection of genotypes with superior fibers is a key factor for genetic improvement programs seeking adaptability and sustainability in the face of climate change.This demonstrates the strategic importance of this plant for sustainable agriculture and the global textile industry.The objective of this research was to decipher the fiber quality of Gossypium barbadense var.brasiliensis in the native Amazonian communities of La Convención,Cusco-Perú,and to evaluate other critical aspects of native cotton that have not yet been identified.The methodology included non-probability sampling for accessibility,qualitative and quantitative analyses,and multivariate analyses.The fiber length(mm),micronaire index(maturity/fineness),fiber strength(gf/tex),length uniformity index(%),fiber elongation(%),maturation index(%),and short fiber index(%)were the fiber characteristics evaluated using the HVI method in cotton genotypes.Results Cotton accessions collected from Koribeni(Gossypium spp.)and Shivankoreni(Gossypium barbadense var.brasiliensis)stood out for their fiber quality properties,especially length,strength,and uniformity,which highlights their relevance for advanced textile applications and potential for use in plant genetic improvement programs.Conclusion These findings reinforce the need to conserve and study these native cotton accessions from the Peruvian Amazon region,which can offer promising perspectives for the textile industry and agricultural biodiversity.
基金the National Key R&D Program for Crop Breeding(2016YFD0101407)to Hua JP.
文摘Background:Genetic improvement in fiber quality is one of the main challenges for cotton breeders.Quantitative trait loci(QTL)mapping provides a powerful approach to dissect the molecular mechanism in fiber quality traits.In present study,F14 recombinant inbred line(RIL)population was backcrossed to paternal parent for a paternal backcross(BC/P)population,deriving from one upland cotton hybrid.Three repetitive BC/P field trials and one maternal backcross(BC/M)field trial were performed including both two BC populations and the original RIL population.Results:In total,24 novel QTLs are detected for fiber quality traits and among which 13 QTLs validated previous results.Thirty-five QTLs in BC/P populations explain 5.01%–22.09%of phenotype variation(PV).Among the 35 QTLs,23 QTLs are detected in BC/P population alone.Present study provides novel alleles of male parent for fiber quality traits with positive genetic effects.Particularly,qFS-Chr3–1 explains 22.09%of PV in BC/P population,which increaseds 0.48 cN·tex−1 for fiber strength.A total of 7,2,8,2 and 6 QTLs explain over 10.00%of PV for fiber length,fiber uniformity,fiber strength,fiber elongation and fiber micronaire,respectively.In RIL population,six common QTLs are detected in more than one environment:qFL-Chr1–2,qFS-Chr5–1,qFS-Chr9–1,qFS-Chr21–1,qFM-Chr9–1 and qFM-Chr9–2.Two common QTLs of qFE-Chr2–2(TMB2386-SWU12343)and qFM-Chr9–1(NAU2873-CGR6771)explain 22.42%and 21.91%of PV.The region between NAU4034 and TMB1296 harbor 30 genes(379 kb)in A05 and 42 genes(49 kb)in D05 for fiber length along the QTL qFL-Chr5–1 in BC/P population,respectively.In addition,a total of 142 and 46 epistatic QTLs and QTL×environments(E-QTLs and QQEs)are identified in recombinant inbred lines in paternal backcross(RIL-P)and paternal backcross(BC/P)populations,respectively.Conclusions:The present studies provide informative basis for improving cotton fiber quality in different populations.
基金the financial support from the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS),Cotton Research Institute,CAAS,Central Level Public Welfare Scientific Institutes Basic Research and Business Special Funding Project(Grant No.1610162021025)the State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology,Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS(CB2021C10).
文摘Background:Nitrogen(N)is important for improving various morphological and physiological processes of cotton but their contribution to fiber quality is still lacking.Aims:The current study aimed to explore the relationship between root morphology,subtending leaf physiology,and fiber quality of contrasting N-efficient cotton genotypes in response to N.Methods:We analyzed the above parameters of CCRI 69(N-efficient)and Xinluzao-30(XLZ-30,N-inefficient)under control(2.5 mmol·L^(-1))and high N(5 mmol·L^(-1))conditions.Results:The results showed that root morphological traits were increased in CCRI-69 under control conditions than high N.Subtending leaf morphology,chlorophyll and carotenoid contents,free amino acids,and soluble proteins were higher under high N as compared with the control.However,soluble sugars,fructose,sucrose contents,and sucrose phosphate synthase were higher under control conditions than high N across the growth stages.Irrespective of the N conditions,all morphological and physiological traits of cotton subtending leaf were higher in CCRI-69 than XLZ-30.Except for fiber uniformity,fiber quality traits like fiber length,strength,micronaire,and elongation were improved under control conditions than high N.Between the genotypes,CCRI-69 had significantly higher fiber length,strength,micronaire,and elongation as compared with XLZ-30.Strong positive correlations were found between root morphology,soluble sugars,sucrose content,and sucrose phosphate synthase activity with fiber quality traits,respectively.Conclusions:These findings suggest that CCRI-69 performed better in terms of growth and fiber quality under relatively low N condition,which will help to reduce fertilizer use,the cost of production,and environmental pollution.
文摘Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in the world,and it provides natural fiber for the textile industry.With the advancement of the textile technology and increased consumption demands on cotton fiber,both cotton yield and quality should be enhanced.However,cotton yield
文摘The fiber quality status is very important for super quality cotton production and diverse requirements of textile industry in China.In this study,the quality of cotton fiber samples which are collected from 13 major cotton production provinces between 2001 to 2005 were analyzed.Eight quality
文摘Background:Cotton fiber quality and seed composition play vital roles in the economics of cotton production systems and the cottonseed meal industry.This research aimed to examine the effects of different irrigation levels and planting geometries on fiber quality and seed composition of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).We conducted a 2-year study in 2018 and 2019 in a warm,humid area in the Southeast United States on Dundee silt loam soil.There were three irrigation treatments in the study.The treatments included irrigating every furrow,or full irrigation(FI),every alternate furrow,or half irrigation(HI),and no irrigation,or rain-fed(RF).Planting geometries were on ridges spaced 102 cm apart and either a single-row(SR)or twin-rows(TR).Results:The results of high-volume instrument(HVI),advanced fiber information systems(AFIS)and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy(NIRS)showed that irrigation and planting treatments played a significant role in fiber quality and seed composition.Across irrigation treatments,significant differences were seen in fiber properties,including fineness,maturity ratio,micronaire,neps,short fiber,strength,uniformity,upper half mean length(UHML),upper quartile length by weight(UQLw),and yellowness(+b).Irrigation and planting geometry(PG)had a significant effect on micronaire,strength,and UHML while their interaction was significant only for micronaire.The micronaire was negatively affected by irrigation as FI-SR,FI-TR,HI-SR,and HI-TR recorded 11%~12%lower over the RF-SR and TR treatments.The PG played a minor role in determining fiber quality traits like micronaire and nep count.Irrigation treatments produced significantly lower(3%~4%)protein content than rain-fed,while oil content increased significantly(6%~10%).Conclusions:The study results indicate a potential for improving cotton fiber and seed qualities by managing irrigation and planting geometries in cotton production systems in the Mississippi(MS)Delta region.The HI-TR system appears promising for lint and seed quality.
基金funded by the Ogallala Aquifer Program with a collaborative project between Texas Tech University and USDA-ARS,PA,Cropping System Research Laboratory,Lubbock,TXUSDA-ARS(Project 3096-21000-019-00-D)(MU)
文摘Background: Producing rainfed cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) with high fiber quality has been challenging in the Texas High Plains because of extended periods of insufficient rainfall during sensitive boll developmental stages.Genetic variation created by Ethyl MethaneSulfonate(EMS) mutagen has successfully improved fiber quality of cotton. However, little is known about the effect of water deficit environments on fiber quality. Three EMS treated populations were advanced from the first to the fourth generation(M1 to M4) as bulk harvested populations. In2014, single-plant divergent selection was applied based on perceived morphological and agronomic differences seen during and at the end of the season.Results: Analyses from these selections in 2014-2016 showed significant(P< 0.05) improvement between and within populations for fiber traits(micronaire, length, strength, uniformity, and elongation) when compared with the original non-treated EMS source; some selections were found to have excellent fiber quality under diverse irrigationregimes.Conclusions: Some of these selections are being considered for germplasm release and could be useful for improving the fiber quality of cotton under water limited conditions, thereby helping to ensure the long-term survival of the cotton industry on the Texas High Plains.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760402)Public Welfare Research Projects in the Autonomous Region(KY2019002)Special Programs for New Varieties Cultivation of Shihezi University(YZZX201701).
文摘Background:Meta-analysis of quantitative trait locus(QTL)is a computational technique to identify consensus QTL and refine QTL positions on the consensus map from multiple mapping studies.The combination of meta-QTL intervals,significant SNPs and transcriptome analysis has been widely used to identify candidate genes in various plants.Results:In our study,884 QTLs associated with cotton fiber quality traits from 12 studies were used for meta-QTL analysis based on reference genome TM-1,as a result,74 meta-QTLs were identified,including 19 meta-QTLs for fiber length;18 meta-QTLs for fiber strength;11 meta-QTLs for fiber uniformity;11 meta-QTLs for fiber elongation;and 15 meta-QTLs for micronaire.Combined with 8589 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with fiber quality traits collected from 15 studies,297 candidate genes were identified in the meta-QTL intervals,20 of which showed high expression levels specifically in the developing fibers.According to the function annotations,some of the 20 key candidate genes are associated with the fiber development.Conclusions:This study provides not only stable QTLs used for marker-assisted selection,but also candidate genes to uncover the molecular mechanisms for cotton fiber development.
文摘In order to improve fiber quality of green cotton,a wide hybrid was used between a green fiber cotton and Sea Island cotton.The results show that the hybrid F1 plants were stable,but F2
文摘Cotton fiber is a commodity of key economic importance in both developed and developing countries.The two cultivated species,Gossypium hirsutum and G.barbadense,are
文摘Cotton is the worlds leading natural fiber crop,and it is the cornerstone of textile industries worldwide.The cotton industry is confronted with problems in cost of production and
文摘Upper-half-mean length(Len),uniformity index(UI),breaking tenacity(Str),and micronaire value(Mic) are the key quality parameters of cotton fiber.In this study,182 upland cotton
文摘To introgress elite QTL alleles of Gossypium barbadense L.for fiber yield and quality and resistance to Verticillium wilt into G.hirsutum L.,enlarge the genetic base of G.hirsutum,and
文摘Gene expression profiling at early stages(0～2 DPA) of fiber development in Gossypium hirsutum identified a number of transcription factors which were down regulated in fiberless mutants relative to wild type controls and which could play a role in controlling early fiber development.Chief among these was GhMYB25,a Mixta-like MYB gene.Transgenic GhMYB25-silenced cotton
文摘Background Zinc(Zn),being the most deficient micronutrient,can largely limit plant growth and development on alkaline calcareous soil.Crop species and varieties within species differently require Zn for optimum productivity.The current study aimed to optimize Zn level and mode of application for better growth,yield,and fiber quality of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).The experimental plan comprised a control group with no Zn application,three Zn levels through soil application,i.e.5 mg·kg^(-1)(SZn5),10 mg·kg^(-1)(SZn10),and 15 mg·kg^(-1)(SZn15),two levels of foliar application including 0.5%(FZn0.5)and 1%(FZn1)Zn solution,and various combinations of soil plus foliar application.Two cotton cultivars,CIM-663(Bt)and Cyto-124(non-Bt)were used,and each treatment was replicated thrice.Results Zinc nutrition caused a significant(P≤0.05)improvement in growth,yield,physiological,and fiber quality characteristics of both cotton cultivars.All levels and modes of Zn application were found effective in improving cotton productivity on alkaline calcareous soil.However,integrated soil application and foliar spray showed superiority over sole soil or foliar application.Among different treatments,SZn15+FZn1 caused the highest improvement in most of the observed growth and yield traits.The said treatment maximally increased the leaf Zn concentration by 270.5%and 218.4%with a subsequent increase in plant height 23.2%and 28.0%,monopodial branches 40.7%and 42.1%,sympodial branches 37.2%and 35.2%,seed cotton yield 32.5%and 36.6%,and lint yield 30.0%and 34.6%in CIM-663 and Cyto-124,respectively,compared with the control.SZn15+FZn1 also caused the highest increase in relative water contents 32.6%and 22.4%,chlorophyll contents 92.0%and 67.1%,and stomatal conductance 112.8%and 100.8%in CIM-663 and Cyto-124,respectively,compared with the control.Among the fiber quality characteristics,fiber fineness was maximally improved by 19.7%and 15.9%in CIM-663 and Cyto-124,respectively,with SZn15+FZn1 compared with the control.Leaf Zn concentration was positively correlated with fiber length(R2=0.7173),fiber strength(R2=0.5483),and fiber fineness(R2=0.6379)of both cotton cultivars grown with different levels and application modes of Zn.The benefit-cost ratio was remarkably improved with Zn nutrition,and the highest value of 1.64 was found in CIM-663 at SZn10+FZn1 and SZn15+FZn1.Conclusion The plant growth,physiological,yield,and fiber quality characteristics of cotton cultivars were significantly improved with Zn supply at different levels and modes of application.SZn15+FZN1 could be recommended to get optimum seed cotton yield and fiber quality of cotton on alkaline calcareous soil.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2024D01A56)the National Key Research and Develop-ment Program of China(2017YFD0201906)+2 种基金the Central Research Institutes of Basic Research and the Public Service Special Foundation(1610162022044)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-15-11)the Agricultural Sci-ence and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
文摘Background Soil available phosphorus(AP)deficiency significantly limits cotton production,particularly in arid and saline-alkaline regions.Screening cotton cultivars for low phosphorus(P)tolerance is crucial for the sustainable development of cotton production.However,the effect of different growth media on the screening outcomes remains unclear.To address this,we evaluated the low P tolerance of 25 cotton cultivars through hydroponic culture at two P levels(0.01 and 0.5 mmol·L^(-1) KH_(2)PO_(4))in 2018 and field culture with two P rates(0 and 90 kg·hm^(-2),in P2O5)in 2019.Results In the hydroponic experiments,principal component analysis(PCA)showed that shoot dry weight(SDW)and P utilization efficiency in shoots(PUES)of cotton seedlings explained over 45%of the genetic variation in P nutri-tion.Cotton cultivars were subjected to comprehensive cluster analysis,utilizing agronomic traits(SDW and PUES)during the seedling stage(hydroponic)and yield and fiber quality traits during the mature stage(in field).These cultivars were grouped into four clusters:resistant,moderately resistant,moderately sensitive,and sensitive.In low P conditions(0.01 mmol·L^(-1) KH_(2)PO_(4) and 4.5 mg·kg^(-1) AP),the low-P-resistant cluster showed significantly smaller reduc-tions in SDW(54%),seed cotton yield(3%),lint yield(-2%),fiber length(-1)%),and fiber strength(-3%)compared with the low-P-sensitive cluster(75%,13%,17%,7%,and 9%,respectively).The increase in PUES(299%)in the resist-ant cluster was also significantly higher than in the sensitive cluster(131%).Four of the eight low-P-tolerant cotton cultivars identified in the field and six in the hydroponic screening overlapped in both screenings.Two cultivars overlapped in both screening in the low-P-sensitive cluster.Conclusion Based on the screenings from both field and hydroponic cultures,ZM-9131,CCRI-79,JM-958,and J-228 were identified as low-P-tolerant cotton cultivars,while JM-169,XM-33B,SCRC-28,and LNM-18 were identified as low P-sensitive cotton cultivars.The relationship between field and hydroponic screening results for low-P-tolerant cotton cultivars was strong,although field validation is still required.The low P tolerance of these cultivars was closely associ-ated with SDW and PUES.
文摘Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is one of the most important global crops that supports the textile industry and pro-vides a living for millions of farmers.The constantly increasing demand needs a significant rise in cotton production.Genome editing technology,specifically with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)tools,has opened new possibilities for trait development in cotton.It allows pre-cise and efficient manipulation within the cotton genome when compared with other genetic engineering tools.Current developments in CRISPR/Cas technology,including prime editing,base editing,and multiplexing editing,have expanded the scope of traits in cotton breeding that can be targeted.CRISPR/Cas genome editing has been employed to generate effectively CRISPRized cotton plants with enhanced agronomic traits,including fiber yield and quality,oil improvement,stress resistance,and enhanced nutrition.Here we summarized the various target genes within the cotton genome which have been successfully altered with CRISPR/Cas tools.However,some challenges remain,cotton is tetraploid genome having redundant gene sets and homologs making challenges for genome edit-ing.To ensure specificity and avoiding off-target effects,we need to optimize various parameters such as target site,guide RNA design,and choosing right Cas variants.We outline the future prospects of CRISPR/Cas in cotton breeding,suggesting areas for further research and innovation.A combination of speed breeding and CRISPR/Cas might be useful for fastening trait development in cotton.The potentials to create customized cotton cultivars with enhanced traits to meet the higher demands for the agriculture and textile industry.
