By integrating the merits of the map overlay method and the geographic information system (GIS), a GIS based map overlay method was developed to analyze comprehensively the environmental vulnerability around railway a...By integrating the merits of the map overlay method and the geographic information system (GIS), a GIS based map overlay method was developed to analyze comprehensively the environmental vulnerability around railway and its impact on the environment, which is adapted for the comprehensive assessment of railway environmental impact and the optimization of railway alignments. The assessment process of the GIS based map overlay method was presented, which includes deciding the system structure and weights of assessment factors, making environmental vulnerability grade maps, and evaluating the alternative alignments comprehensively to obtain the best one. With the GIS functions of spatial analysis, such as overlay analysis and buffer analysis, and functions of handling attribute data, the GIS based map overlay method overcomes the shortcomings of the existing map overlay method and the conclusion is more reasonable. In the end, a detailed case study was illustrated to verify the efficiency of the method.展开更多
With the actuality and characteristic and requirement of rural power enterprise distribution network management, this article introduced the function of geographic information system on the framework of distribution n...With the actuality and characteristic and requirement of rural power enterprise distribution network management, this article introduced the function of geographic information system on the framework of distribution network, in order to develop rural distribution network.展开更多
The land-use information system (LUIS) is a special geographical information system developed under the support of the geographical information system (GIS). It effectively combines the quantitative analysis with spac...The land-use information system (LUIS) is a special geographical information system developed under the support of the geographical information system (GIS). It effectively combines the quantitative analysis with space analysis, mixes the feature of the land-use data and figure de scription, achieves the mutual transfer of the data and figure, and provides some effective methods for the quantitative research and space analysis. The targets, methods and procedures of the overall design of LUIS and its structure function and characteristic are presented in this paper. It pro vides the guide and references for developing the special GIS suitable for the demand of land-use management.展开更多
斜坡单元依据山脊线和山谷线划分的单元,能够体现研究区的真实地质环境条件,作为评价单元在地质灾害易发性评价中具有重要意义。采用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS),运用水文分析工具提取峨边县斜坡单元,选取归一化...斜坡单元依据山脊线和山谷线划分的单元,能够体现研究区的真实地质环境条件,作为评价单元在地质灾害易发性评价中具有重要意义。采用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS),运用水文分析工具提取峨边县斜坡单元,选取归一化植被指数、坡度、高程、地形起伏度、地层岩性、距水系的距离、距断层距离、距道路的距离8个因子,使用逻辑回归模型(logistic regression,LR),制得地质灾害易发性概率图,将其划分为非易发区、低易发区、中易发区、高易发区和极高易发区。结果表明:ROC(receiver operating characteristic curve)曲线的线下面积(area under curve,AUC)精度检验值为0.917,极高易发区和高易发区内地质灾害点数占总灾害点数的81.3%,说明对峨边县进行基于斜坡单元使用逻辑回归进行地质灾害的易发性评价具有可行性和较高精度。展开更多
新型城市化建设和管理过程中,借助建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)与地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)的数据集成,不但能实现建筑物的精细化表达,而且室外信息得以兼顾,实现空间分析及室内外一体化表...新型城市化建设和管理过程中,借助建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)与地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)的数据集成,不但能实现建筑物的精细化表达,而且室外信息得以兼顾,实现空间分析及室内外一体化表达。但BIM与GIS两种不同的数据格式无法直接实现数据的互通。为此,首先分析了模型IFC和CityGML在文档形式等方面的差异,并实现了多个简单建筑物IFC模型到CityGML3.0 LOD2、LOD3的转换。其次,针对上述数据集成实验中语义丢失问题,扩展GIS的CityGML3.0数据格式,提出CityGML B-Con扩展模型,完善IFC到CityGML3.0的一对一映射关系。最后,实现多个不同复杂程度建筑物IFC模型到CityGML B-Con扩展模型的转换。实验结果表明,利用CityGML B-Con模型能实现BIM与GIS的数据集成。宏观层面来说,能够增强转换后建筑物外观的细节程度,微观层面而言,BuildingConstructiveElement和BuildingInstallation的子类得以区分,IfcStair、IfcRamp和IfcBeam等建筑构件都能通过一对一映射的方式转换至CityGML中,克服了CityGML原有标准在建筑物构件表达方面的缺陷,有效减少了BIM源数据语义信息的丢失。展开更多
Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actu...Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actuality of Dongting Lake and particularity of paddy,seven factors (including soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,available potassium,and pH value),closely related with soil fertility,were chosen to establish the index system of synthetical evaluation.Based on the effect degree of each selected index on soil fertility,a judgment matrix was built,and the weight coefficient was determined by the method of correlation coefficient.Finally,under the support of the spatial analysis module of GIS (Geographic Information System),the spatial distribution properties of soil fertility in wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake were studied.The results show that the soil fertility of Dongting Lake wetland ecosystem is not very good,and the area of type III and type IV achieves 69.8%.As a result,many countermeasures should be taken to improve the soil fertility.As for the spatial properties,the soil fertility level of central and west Dongting Lake is much higher than that of north and south part.The soil fertility of paddy field surpasses that of red soil,and the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in paddy field are large.展开更多
A land use- and geographical information system-based framework was presented for potential human health risk analysis using soil sampling data obtained in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, China. The results show that he...A land use- and geographical information system-based framework was presented for potential human health risk analysis using soil sampling data obtained in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, China. The results show that heavy metal content in soil significantly differs among different land use types. In total, 8.3% of the study area has a hazard index(HI) above the threshold of 1.0. High HIs are recorded mainly for industrial areas. Arsenic((29)87%) and the soil ingestion pathway(about 76%) contribute most to the HI. The mean standardized error and root-mean-square standardized error data indicate that the land use-based simulation method provides more accurate estimates than the classic method, which applies only geostatistical analysis to entire study area and disregards land use information. The findings not only highlight the significance of industrial land use, arsenic and the soil ingestion exposure pathway, but also indicate that evaluating different land use-types can spatially identify areas of greater concern for human health and better identify health risks.展开更多
To develop a better approach for spatial evaluation of drinking water quality, an intelligent evaluation method integrating a geographical information system(GIS) and an ant colony clustering algorithm(ACCA) was used....To develop a better approach for spatial evaluation of drinking water quality, an intelligent evaluation method integrating a geographical information system(GIS) and an ant colony clustering algorithm(ACCA) was used. Drinking water samples from 29 wells in Zhenping County, China, were collected and analyzed. 35 parameters on water quality were selected, such as chloride concentration, sulphate concentration, total hardness, nitrate concentration, fluoride concentration, turbidity, pH, chromium concentration, COD, bacterium amount, total coliforms and color. The best spatial interpolation methods for the 35 parameters were found and selected from all types of interpolation methods in GIS environment according to the minimum cross-validation errors. The ACCA was improved through three strategies, namely mixed distance function, average similitude degree and probability conversion functions. Then, the ACCA was carried out to obtain different water quality grades in the GIS environment. In the end, the result from the ACCA was compared with those from the competitive Hopfield neural network(CHNN) to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the ACCA according to three evaluation indexes, which are stochastic sampling method, pixel amount and convergence speed. It is shown that the spatial water quality grades obtained from the ACCA were more effective, accurate and intelligent than those obtained from the CHNN.展开更多
In order to establish a rapid method for regional slope stability analysis under rainfall,matric suction and seepage force were taken into account after obtaining explicit solution of infiltration depth.Moreover,simpl...In order to establish a rapid method for regional slope stability analysis under rainfall,matric suction and seepage force were taken into account after obtaining explicit solution of infiltration depth.Moreover,simplified analysis model under 3D condition was put forward based on identification and division of slope units,as well as modification of sliding direction of each column.The result shows that explicit solution of infiltration depth is of good precision;for the given model,safety factors without taking seepage force into account are 1.82-2.94 times higher;the stagnation point of slope angle is located approximately in the range of(45°,50°);the safety factor changes insignificantly when wetting front is deeper than 2 m;when matric suction changes in the specified range,the maximum variations of safety factor are less than 0.5,which proves that matric suction plays an insignificant role in maintaining slope stability compared to the slope angle and infiltration depth.Incorporated with geographic information system,a practical application of regional slope stability assessment verifies the applicability of the proposed method.展开更多
This paper made an analysis on the structure and function of MapX. Based on the relative GIS software and development theories, general design of GIS foundation platform was put forward and some key implementations fo...This paper made an analysis on the structure and function of MapX. Based on the relative GIS software and development theories, general design of GIS foundation platform was put forward and some key implementations for part of the function was provided.展开更多
Potato is one of the important food crops in Shangnan County,Shaanxi Province.Potato planting strategy in this region has great significance for potato planting,according to local conditions and for optimizing regiona...Potato is one of the important food crops in Shangnan County,Shaanxi Province.Potato planting strategy in this region has great significance for potato planting,according to local conditions and for optimizing regional layout.The ecological suitability of potato cultivation in Shangnan County was evaluated by using geographic information system(GIS)technology,county cultivated land resource management information system and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The evaluation index system of ecological suitability of potatoes in Shangnan County was established by screening the evaluation index of each ecological factor with expert experience method.The AHP and fuzzy evaluation method were applied to the quantitative calculation of the weight of each index.The ecological suitability assessment map of potato planting in Shangnan County was obtained by using the overlay analysis function of ArcGIS 10.2.The results showed that highly suitable area for potato cultivation was 6974.04 hm^2,accounting for 28.07%of the cultivated land.The suitable area was 11205.75 hm^2,accounting for 45.10%of the cultivated land area.These two types of arable land mainly distributed in the shallow hilly area,the middle mountain landform and the river valley area.The remaining arable land in this region mainly distributed in the shallow hills and the mid-mountain landscapes,including the arable land which was reluctantly suitable for potato cultivation and unsuitable for potato cultivation,with 5646.15 and 1022.33 hm^2,respectively,accounting for only 22.72%and 4.11%of the total arable land areas.Therefore,based on the statistics and analyses of potato planting environment in Shangnan County,the pattern of local ecological adaptability distribution was summarized and the spatial distribution map was drawn,thus providing scientific basis for rational distribution and planning of potato in Shangnan County.展开更多
The graph overlay method is used to evaluate the noise impact of route alignment and the results can serve as a reference for the route alignment optimal selection. The geographic information system(GIS), with its pow...The graph overlay method is used to evaluate the noise impact of route alignment and the results can serve as a reference for the route alignment optimal selection. The geographic information system(GIS), with its powerful function of handling attribute data and spatial analysis, is adopted to calculate the noise comprehensive impact area of each alignment. With the graph overlay method, the noise vulnerability and noise impact distribution are both taken into account in the noise impact assessment of route alignment. With GIS, the efficiency of work and the reliability of result are greatly improved. By a combination of them, the noise impact on environment is fully presented in a visual way and the assessment result has vital value in route alignment optimal selection. A detailed case study is illustrated and the efficiency of the method is verified.展开更多
Since the damages caused by disasters associated with climate anomalies and the diversification of the social structure increase every year, an efficient management system associated with a damage assessment of the ar...Since the damages caused by disasters associated with climate anomalies and the diversification of the social structure increase every year, an efficient management system associated with a damage assessment of the areas vulnerable to disasters is demanded to prevent or mitigate the damages to infrastructure. The areas vulnerable to disasters in Busan, located at southeastern part of Korea, were estimated based on historical records of damages and a risk assessment of the infrastructure was performed to provide fundamental information prior to the establishment of the real-time monitoring system for infrastructure and establish disaster management system. The results are illustrated by using geographical information system(GIS) and provide the importance of the roadmap for comprehensive and specific strategy to manage natural disasters.展开更多
文摘By integrating the merits of the map overlay method and the geographic information system (GIS), a GIS based map overlay method was developed to analyze comprehensively the environmental vulnerability around railway and its impact on the environment, which is adapted for the comprehensive assessment of railway environmental impact and the optimization of railway alignments. The assessment process of the GIS based map overlay method was presented, which includes deciding the system structure and weights of assessment factors, making environmental vulnerability grade maps, and evaluating the alternative alignments comprehensively to obtain the best one. With the GIS functions of spatial analysis, such as overlay analysis and buffer analysis, and functions of handling attribute data, the GIS based map overlay method overcomes the shortcomings of the existing map overlay method and the conclusion is more reasonable. In the end, a detailed case study was illustrated to verify the efficiency of the method.
基金Science and Technology Research Instruction Project of Heilongjiang Province Education Department (9553032)
文摘With the actuality and characteristic and requirement of rural power enterprise distribution network management, this article introduced the function of geographic information system on the framework of distribution network, in order to develop rural distribution network.
文摘The land-use information system (LUIS) is a special geographical information system developed under the support of the geographical information system (GIS). It effectively combines the quantitative analysis with space analysis, mixes the feature of the land-use data and figure de scription, achieves the mutual transfer of the data and figure, and provides some effective methods for the quantitative research and space analysis. The targets, methods and procedures of the overall design of LUIS and its structure function and characteristic are presented in this paper. It pro vides the guide and references for developing the special GIS suitable for the demand of land-use management.
文摘斜坡单元依据山脊线和山谷线划分的单元,能够体现研究区的真实地质环境条件,作为评价单元在地质灾害易发性评价中具有重要意义。采用地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS),运用水文分析工具提取峨边县斜坡单元,选取归一化植被指数、坡度、高程、地形起伏度、地层岩性、距水系的距离、距断层距离、距道路的距离8个因子,使用逻辑回归模型(logistic regression,LR),制得地质灾害易发性概率图,将其划分为非易发区、低易发区、中易发区、高易发区和极高易发区。结果表明:ROC(receiver operating characteristic curve)曲线的线下面积(area under curve,AUC)精度检验值为0.917,极高易发区和高易发区内地质灾害点数占总灾害点数的81.3%,说明对峨边县进行基于斜坡单元使用逻辑回归进行地质灾害的易发性评价具有可行性和较高精度。
文摘新型城市化建设和管理过程中,借助建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)与地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)的数据集成,不但能实现建筑物的精细化表达,而且室外信息得以兼顾,实现空间分析及室内外一体化表达。但BIM与GIS两种不同的数据格式无法直接实现数据的互通。为此,首先分析了模型IFC和CityGML在文档形式等方面的差异,并实现了多个简单建筑物IFC模型到CityGML3.0 LOD2、LOD3的转换。其次,针对上述数据集成实验中语义丢失问题,扩展GIS的CityGML3.0数据格式,提出CityGML B-Con扩展模型,完善IFC到CityGML3.0的一对一映射关系。最后,实现多个不同复杂程度建筑物IFC模型到CityGML B-Con扩展模型的转换。实验结果表明,利用CityGML B-Con模型能实现BIM与GIS的数据集成。宏观层面来说,能够增强转换后建筑物外观的细节程度,微观层面而言,BuildingConstructiveElement和BuildingInstallation的子类得以区分,IfcStair、IfcRamp和IfcBeam等建筑构件都能通过一对一映射的方式转换至CityGML中,克服了CityGML原有标准在建筑物构件表达方面的缺陷,有效减少了BIM源数据语义信息的丢失。
基金Projects(40971170,51039001) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2007AA10Z222) supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China
文摘Using soil data of the Second National Field Survey,the soil fertility of wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake was evaluated by using the technology of GIS and method of fuzzy evaluation.Integrated with the wetland actuality of Dongting Lake and particularity of paddy,seven factors (including soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus,available potassium,and pH value),closely related with soil fertility,were chosen to establish the index system of synthetical evaluation.Based on the effect degree of each selected index on soil fertility,a judgment matrix was built,and the weight coefficient was determined by the method of correlation coefficient.Finally,under the support of the spatial analysis module of GIS (Geographic Information System),the spatial distribution properties of soil fertility in wetland ecosystem of Dongting Lake were studied.The results show that the soil fertility of Dongting Lake wetland ecosystem is not very good,and the area of type III and type IV achieves 69.8%.As a result,many countermeasures should be taken to improve the soil fertility.As for the spatial properties,the soil fertility level of central and west Dongting Lake is much higher than that of north and south part.The soil fertility of paddy field surpasses that of red soil,and the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in paddy field are large.
基金Project(51204074)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(201309051,PM-zx021-201212-003,PM-zx021-201106-031)supported by the National Environmental Protection Public Welfare Industry Targeted Research Fund,China
文摘A land use- and geographical information system-based framework was presented for potential human health risk analysis using soil sampling data obtained in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, China. The results show that heavy metal content in soil significantly differs among different land use types. In total, 8.3% of the study area has a hazard index(HI) above the threshold of 1.0. High HIs are recorded mainly for industrial areas. Arsenic((29)87%) and the soil ingestion pathway(about 76%) contribute most to the HI. The mean standardized error and root-mean-square standardized error data indicate that the land use-based simulation method provides more accurate estimates than the classic method, which applies only geostatistical analysis to entire study area and disregards land use information. The findings not only highlight the significance of industrial land use, arsenic and the soil ingestion exposure pathway, but also indicate that evaluating different land use-types can spatially identify areas of greater concern for human health and better identify health risks.
基金Projects(41161020,41261026) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BQD2012013) supported by the Research starting Funds for Imported Talents,Ningxia University,China+1 种基金Project(ZR1209) supported by the Natural Science Funds,Ningxia University,ChinaProject(NGY2013005) supported by the Key Science Project of Colleges and Universities in Ningxia,China
文摘To develop a better approach for spatial evaluation of drinking water quality, an intelligent evaluation method integrating a geographical information system(GIS) and an ant colony clustering algorithm(ACCA) was used. Drinking water samples from 29 wells in Zhenping County, China, were collected and analyzed. 35 parameters on water quality were selected, such as chloride concentration, sulphate concentration, total hardness, nitrate concentration, fluoride concentration, turbidity, pH, chromium concentration, COD, bacterium amount, total coliforms and color. The best spatial interpolation methods for the 35 parameters were found and selected from all types of interpolation methods in GIS environment according to the minimum cross-validation errors. The ACCA was improved through three strategies, namely mixed distance function, average similitude degree and probability conversion functions. Then, the ACCA was carried out to obtain different water quality grades in the GIS environment. In the end, the result from the ACCA was compared with those from the competitive Hopfield neural network(CHNN) to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the ACCA according to three evaluation indexes, which are stochastic sampling method, pixel amount and convergence speed. It is shown that the spatial water quality grades obtained from the ACCA were more effective, accurate and intelligent than those obtained from the CHNN.
基金Project(kfj110207) supported by Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Road Structure and Material of Ministry of Transport,China
文摘In order to establish a rapid method for regional slope stability analysis under rainfall,matric suction and seepage force were taken into account after obtaining explicit solution of infiltration depth.Moreover,simplified analysis model under 3D condition was put forward based on identification and division of slope units,as well as modification of sliding direction of each column.The result shows that explicit solution of infiltration depth is of good precision;for the given model,safety factors without taking seepage force into account are 1.82-2.94 times higher;the stagnation point of slope angle is located approximately in the range of(45°,50°);the safety factor changes insignificantly when wetting front is deeper than 2 m;when matric suction changes in the specified range,the maximum variations of safety factor are less than 0.5,which proves that matric suction plays an insignificant role in maintaining slope stability compared to the slope angle and infiltration depth.Incorporated with geographic information system,a practical application of regional slope stability assessment verifies the applicability of the proposed method.
文摘This paper made an analysis on the structure and function of MapX. Based on the relative GIS software and development theories, general design of GIS foundation platform was put forward and some key implementations for part of the function was provided.
基金Supported by the National 863 Program Project"Express Acquisition and Analysis Technology of Crop Growth Information"(2013AA102401)the National"Twelfth Five-year Plan"Science and Technology Support Plan"Accurate Acquisition Technology Integration and Application of Farmland Information on Multi-remote Sensing Platform in Dry Areas"(2012 BAH29B04)Assessment Project of Cultivated Land Fertility in Shaanxi Province。
文摘Potato is one of the important food crops in Shangnan County,Shaanxi Province.Potato planting strategy in this region has great significance for potato planting,according to local conditions and for optimizing regional layout.The ecological suitability of potato cultivation in Shangnan County was evaluated by using geographic information system(GIS)technology,county cultivated land resource management information system and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The evaluation index system of ecological suitability of potatoes in Shangnan County was established by screening the evaluation index of each ecological factor with expert experience method.The AHP and fuzzy evaluation method were applied to the quantitative calculation of the weight of each index.The ecological suitability assessment map of potato planting in Shangnan County was obtained by using the overlay analysis function of ArcGIS 10.2.The results showed that highly suitable area for potato cultivation was 6974.04 hm^2,accounting for 28.07%of the cultivated land.The suitable area was 11205.75 hm^2,accounting for 45.10%of the cultivated land area.These two types of arable land mainly distributed in the shallow hilly area,the middle mountain landform and the river valley area.The remaining arable land in this region mainly distributed in the shallow hills and the mid-mountain landscapes,including the arable land which was reluctantly suitable for potato cultivation and unsuitable for potato cultivation,with 5646.15 and 1022.33 hm^2,respectively,accounting for only 22.72%and 4.11%of the total arable land areas.Therefore,based on the statistics and analyses of potato planting environment in Shangnan County,the pattern of local ecological adaptability distribution was summarized and the spatial distribution map was drawn,thus providing scientific basis for rational distribution and planning of potato in Shangnan County.
基金Project (2004036125) supported by Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China project(2002F008 2003F012) supportedby the Science and Technology Research and Development Planning Projects of the Ministry of Railway of China
文摘The graph overlay method is used to evaluate the noise impact of route alignment and the results can serve as a reference for the route alignment optimal selection. The geographic information system(GIS), with its powerful function of handling attribute data and spatial analysis, is adopted to calculate the noise comprehensive impact area of each alignment. With the graph overlay method, the noise vulnerability and noise impact distribution are both taken into account in the noise impact assessment of route alignment. With GIS, the efficiency of work and the reliability of result are greatly improved. By a combination of them, the noise impact on environment is fully presented in a visual way and the assessment result has vital value in route alignment optimal selection. A detailed case study is illustrated and the efficiency of the method is verified.
基金Project supported by the 2013 Inje University Research Grant of Korea
文摘Since the damages caused by disasters associated with climate anomalies and the diversification of the social structure increase every year, an efficient management system associated with a damage assessment of the areas vulnerable to disasters is demanded to prevent or mitigate the damages to infrastructure. The areas vulnerable to disasters in Busan, located at southeastern part of Korea, were estimated based on historical records of damages and a risk assessment of the infrastructure was performed to provide fundamental information prior to the establishment of the real-time monitoring system for infrastructure and establish disaster management system. The results are illustrated by using geographical information system(GIS) and provide the importance of the roadmap for comprehensive and specific strategy to manage natural disasters.
