The depth of penetration(DOP)method is a well-known ballistic test method for characterisation and ranking of ceramic armour materials.The ceramic tile is bonded to a backing material of semi-infinite thickness,and th...The depth of penetration(DOP)method is a well-known ballistic test method for characterisation and ranking of ceramic armour materials.The ceramic tile is bonded to a backing material of semi-infinite thickness,and the penetration depth of the projectile gives a measure of the performance of the ceramic.There is,however,an inherent variability in the results from this test method.In this work,the accuracy and the variability of the DOP method has been investigated in a round robin exercise.Six ballistic test centres took part in the exercise.A test protocol was developed,in which the threat type(projectile and impact conditions)and a procedure on how to prepare the targets were specified.The targets consisted of alumina tiles of two different thicknesses that were bonded to polycarbonate backing cubes.Two different 7.62 mm armour piercing projectiles were employed;one with a hard steel core and one with a tungsten carbide core.The projectiles and the other materials all came from single material batches in order to avoid batch-to-batch variations in material properties.These materials were distributed between the ballistic test centres.The test results of the different ballistic test facilities were collected and compared.There was not a lot of variation between the average DOP values obtained at each laboratory,but the variation in penetration depth between shots was high.The consequence of this variation may be less confidence in the test results,and a statistical method was used to evaluate the required number of tests that are sufficient to obtain an average result with high confidence.In most cases,the required number of tests is much higher than what is practically feasible.This work was conducted as part of the European Defence Agency-project CERAMBALL.展开更多
There are the application scope limits for single differential-mode current injection test method, so in order to carry out injection susceptibility test for two-pieces equipment interconnected with both ends of a cab...There are the application scope limits for single differential-mode current injection test method, so in order to carry out injection susceptibility test for two-pieces equipment interconnected with both ends of a cable simultaneously, a double differential-mode current in- jection test method (DDMCI) is proposed. The method adopted the equivalence source wave theorem and Baum-Liu-Tesche(BLT) equation as its theory foundation. The equivalent corresponding relation between injection voltage and radiation electric field intensity is derived, and the phase relation between the two injection voltage sources is confirmed. The results indicate that the amplitude and phase of the equivalent injection voltage source is closely related to the S parameter of directional coupling device, the transmission line length, and the source vector in BLT equation, but has nothing to do with the reflection coefficient between the two equipment pieces. Therefore, by choosing the right amplitude and phase of the double injection voltage sources, the DDMCI test is equivalent to the radiation test for two interconnected equipment of a system.展开更多
Against the background of the sand-flow foundation treatment engineering of Guangzhou Zhoutouzui variable cross-section immersed tunnel, a kind of sand deposit-detecting method was devised on the basis of full-scale m...Against the background of the sand-flow foundation treatment engineering of Guangzhou Zhoutouzui variable cross-section immersed tunnel, a kind of sand deposit-detecting method was devised on the basis of full-scale model test of sand-flow method. The real-time data of sand-deposit height and radius were obtained by the self-developed sand-deposit detectors. The test results show that the detecting method is simple and has high precision. In the use of sand-flow method, the sand-carrying capability of fluid is limited, and sand particles are all transported to the sand-deposit periphery through crater, gap and chutes after the sand deposit formed. The diffusion range of the particles outside the sand-deposit does not exceed 2.0 m. Severe sorting of sand particles is not observed because of the unique oblique-layered depositing process. The temporal and spatial distributions of gap and chutes directly affect the sand-deposit expansion, and the expansion trend of the average sand-deposit radius accords with quadratic time-history curve.展开更多
电子轰击有源像素传感器(electron bombardment active pixel sensor,EBAPS)的光响应非均匀性是指EBAPS中光电阴极被均匀光源照射时,不同像素输出灰度不一致的现象,尤其是在低光环境下,图像的非均匀性会使细节识别变得困难,影响后续图...电子轰击有源像素传感器(electron bombardment active pixel sensor,EBAPS)的光响应非均匀性是指EBAPS中光电阴极被均匀光源照射时,不同像素输出灰度不一致的现象,尤其是在低光环境下,图像的非均匀性会使细节识别变得困难,影响后续图像处理和分析的准确性。光响应非均匀性主要由光电阴极不同区域对光响应的差异、电子敏感互补金属氧化物半导体不同区域的电子倍增特性差异、各像素间对同一激励的响应差异以及读出电路中传输信道的差异性等因素导致。针对EBAPS的非均匀性问题,提出了一种基于EBAPS光电阴极响应、电子倍增以及像素响应非均匀性协同适配的测试方法。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效评价EBAPS的非均匀性,并且能够对器件的测试筛选和算法校正起到指导作用。展开更多
基金conducted as part of the European Defence Agency-project CERAMBALL,contract number B 1091 GEM1 GP
文摘The depth of penetration(DOP)method is a well-known ballistic test method for characterisation and ranking of ceramic armour materials.The ceramic tile is bonded to a backing material of semi-infinite thickness,and the penetration depth of the projectile gives a measure of the performance of the ceramic.There is,however,an inherent variability in the results from this test method.In this work,the accuracy and the variability of the DOP method has been investigated in a round robin exercise.Six ballistic test centres took part in the exercise.A test protocol was developed,in which the threat type(projectile and impact conditions)and a procedure on how to prepare the targets were specified.The targets consisted of alumina tiles of two different thicknesses that were bonded to polycarbonate backing cubes.Two different 7.62 mm armour piercing projectiles were employed;one with a hard steel core and one with a tungsten carbide core.The projectiles and the other materials all came from single material batches in order to avoid batch-to-batch variations in material properties.These materials were distributed between the ballistic test centres.The test results of the different ballistic test facilities were collected and compared.There was not a lot of variation between the average DOP values obtained at each laboratory,but the variation in penetration depth between shots was high.The consequence of this variation may be less confidence in the test results,and a statistical method was used to evaluate the required number of tests that are sufficient to obtain an average result with high confidence.In most cases,the required number of tests is much higher than what is practically feasible.This work was conducted as part of the European Defence Agency-project CERAMBALL.
基金Project supported by Arm Pre-research Program （51333040101）, National Defense 973 Program （6131380301 ）, National Natural Science Foundation of China （61040003）.
文摘There are the application scope limits for single differential-mode current injection test method, so in order to carry out injection susceptibility test for two-pieces equipment interconnected with both ends of a cable simultaneously, a double differential-mode current in- jection test method (DDMCI) is proposed. The method adopted the equivalence source wave theorem and Baum-Liu-Tesche(BLT) equation as its theory foundation. The equivalent corresponding relation between injection voltage and radiation electric field intensity is derived, and the phase relation between the two injection voltage sources is confirmed. The results indicate that the amplitude and phase of the equivalent injection voltage source is closely related to the S parameter of directional coupling device, the transmission line length, and the source vector in BLT equation, but has nothing to do with the reflection coefficient between the two equipment pieces. Therefore, by choosing the right amplitude and phase of the double injection voltage sources, the DDMCI test is equivalent to the radiation test for two interconnected equipment of a system.
基金Project(51108190) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012ZC27) supported by the Independence Research Subject from State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science,ChinaProject(GTCC 2008-253) supported by the Research Subject from Guangzhou City,China
文摘Against the background of the sand-flow foundation treatment engineering of Guangzhou Zhoutouzui variable cross-section immersed tunnel, a kind of sand deposit-detecting method was devised on the basis of full-scale model test of sand-flow method. The real-time data of sand-deposit height and radius were obtained by the self-developed sand-deposit detectors. The test results show that the detecting method is simple and has high precision. In the use of sand-flow method, the sand-carrying capability of fluid is limited, and sand particles are all transported to the sand-deposit periphery through crater, gap and chutes after the sand deposit formed. The diffusion range of the particles outside the sand-deposit does not exceed 2.0 m. Severe sorting of sand particles is not observed because of the unique oblique-layered depositing process. The temporal and spatial distributions of gap and chutes directly affect the sand-deposit expansion, and the expansion trend of the average sand-deposit radius accords with quadratic time-history curve.
文摘电子轰击有源像素传感器(electron bombardment active pixel sensor,EBAPS)的光响应非均匀性是指EBAPS中光电阴极被均匀光源照射时,不同像素输出灰度不一致的现象,尤其是在低光环境下,图像的非均匀性会使细节识别变得困难,影响后续图像处理和分析的准确性。光响应非均匀性主要由光电阴极不同区域对光响应的差异、电子敏感互补金属氧化物半导体不同区域的电子倍增特性差异、各像素间对同一激励的响应差异以及读出电路中传输信道的差异性等因素导致。针对EBAPS的非均匀性问题,提出了一种基于EBAPS光电阴极响应、电子倍增以及像素响应非均匀性协同适配的测试方法。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效评价EBAPS的非均匀性,并且能够对器件的测试筛选和算法校正起到指导作用。
