【目的】基于高叶酸小鼠睾丸转录组数据,筛选叶酸调控牛和小鼠繁殖力的同源基因,以期为通过叶酸改善雄性动物繁殖力奠定理论基础。【方法】选取24只健康、生长状况相近的11周龄C57BL/6雄性小鼠,随机分为3组(n=8):CON、A和B组,分别饲喂2...【目的】基于高叶酸小鼠睾丸转录组数据,筛选叶酸调控牛和小鼠繁殖力的同源基因,以期为通过叶酸改善雄性动物繁殖力奠定理论基础。【方法】选取24只健康、生长状况相近的11周龄C57BL/6雄性小鼠,随机分为3组(n=8):CON、A和B组,分别饲喂2、7和15 mg/kg叶酸,连续饲喂57 d。饲喂结束后分别测定3组小鼠左、右睾丸和精囊的重量,精子密度以及缓慢前进的精子比例,通过Illumina NovaseqTM6000高通量测序进行小鼠睾丸转录组测序分析,对测序结果进行差异表达基因(DEGs)、GO功能注释和蛋白互作网络(PPI)分析,筛选叶酸调控精液品质和繁殖力的关键基因,并结合荷斯坦种公牛繁殖力相关同源基因和数量性状基因座(QTLs)数据,进一步筛选叶酸调控牛和小鼠雄性繁殖力的同源基因。【结果】相较于CON组,B组小鼠左、右精囊重量均极显著增加(P<0.01),A和B组小鼠精液中缓慢前进的精子比例均极显著降低(P<0.01)。经RNA-Seq分析发现,在A vs CON组中筛选出423个DEGs,在B vs CON组中筛选出661个DEGs,A vs CON和B vs CON组中共有的上调DEGs 85个、下调DEGs 40个。通过GO功能注释分析发现,A vs CON组的DEGs显著富集在叶酸代谢和精液品质调控相关的GO条目,B vs CON组的DEGs显著富集在叶酸代谢和生殖器官发育相关的GO条目,A vs CON和B vs CON两个组共有的上调DEGs显著富集在叶酸代谢和精液品质调控相关等功能,共有的下调DEGs显著富集在一碳代谢过程和单精受精作用功能。通过DEGs的PPI网络分析发现,筛选出的核心节点(hub)基因可能通过影响精液品质而影响雄性动物繁殖力。同时本研究中筛选出的hub基因均为奶牛的同源基因,并找出了不同浓度叶酸影响荷斯坦种公牛繁殖力的同源基因及其附近的QTLs,包括每次妊娠的授精次数QTL、精子活力QTL等。将hub基因进一步与前人荷斯坦种公牛精子转录组差异表达基因进行比对,筛选出叶酸调控牛和小鼠繁殖力的同源基因:Serpinb1b基因(牛同源基因为SERPINB1)。【结论】饲喂7和15 mg/kg叶酸能够降低精液中缓慢前进的精子比例,通过转录组测序筛选出的Serpinb1b基因(牛同源基因为SERPINB1)是叶酸调控雄性动物繁殖力的关键基因之一,可为畜牧业实际生产中大型乳用动物荷斯坦牛的养殖及选育提供参考信息。展开更多
Well Yinggu 1 drilled on the tectonic belt of the Wumaying buried-hill in Huanghua Depression obtained non-H2S high-yield oil and gas flow from the Permian Lower Shihezi Formation sandstone. The oil and gas are derive...Well Yinggu 1 drilled on the tectonic belt of the Wumaying buried-hill in Huanghua Depression obtained non-H2S high-yield oil and gas flow from the Permian Lower Shihezi Formation sandstone. The oil and gas are derived from the Upper Paleozoic coal source rock, the petroleum reservoir is an inner buried-hill primary oil and gas accumulation, showing a good prospect of the Paleozoic inner buried-hill primary reservoir exploration. The formation and accumulation of the primary petroleum reservoir in the Wumaying inner buried-hill are discussed by studying the primary source conditions, the inner buried-hill reservoir-cap combinations and the hydrocarbon accumulation period. The primary petroleum reservoir has three preponderant characteristics of accumulation: secondary large-scale gas generation of coal source rock, multi reservoir-cap combinations and mainly late hydrocarbon charging, which formed the compound hydrocarbon accumulation of the above-source sandstone and under-source carbonate rock in the Paleozoic inner buried-hill. Along with the Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic activities, the formation of the primary reservoir in Wumaying inner buried-hill is characterized by "mixed oil and gas charge in local parts in early stage, adjustment accumulation due to structural high migration in middle stage, and large-scale natural gas charge and compound accumulation in late stage".展开更多
In order to identify the development characteristics of fracture network in tight conglomerate reservoir of Mahu after hydraulic fracturing,a hydraulic fracturing test site was set up in the second and third members o...In order to identify the development characteristics of fracture network in tight conglomerate reservoir of Mahu after hydraulic fracturing,a hydraulic fracturing test site was set up in the second and third members of Triassic Baikouquan Formation(T1b2 and T1b3)in Ma-131 well area,which learned from the successful experience of hydraulic fracturing test sites in North America(HFTS-1).Twelve horizontal wells and a high-angle coring well MaJ02 were drilled.The orientation,connection,propagation law and major controlling factors of hydraulic fractures were analyzed by comparing results of CT scans,imaging logs,direct observation of cores from Well MaJ02,and combined with tracer monitoring data.Results indicate that:(1)Two types of fractures have developed by hydraulic fracturing,i.e.tensile fractures and shear fractures.Tensile fractures are approximately parallel to the direction of the maximum horizontal principal stress,and propagate less than 50 m from perforation clusters.Shear fractures are distributed among tensile fractures and mainly in the strike-slip mode due to the induced stress field among tensile fractures,and some of them are in conjugated pairs.Overall,tensile fractures alternate with shear fractures,with shear fractures dominated and activated after tensile ones.(2)Tracer monitoring results indicate that communication between wells was prevalent in the early stage of production,and the static pressure in the fracture gradually decreased and the connectivity between wells reduced as production progressed.(3)Density of hydraulic fractures is mainly affected by the lithology and fracturing parameters,which is smaller in the mudstone than the conglomerate.Larger fracturing scale and smaller cluster spacing lead to a higher fracture density,which are important directions to improve the well productivity.展开更多
文摘【目的】基于高叶酸小鼠睾丸转录组数据,筛选叶酸调控牛和小鼠繁殖力的同源基因,以期为通过叶酸改善雄性动物繁殖力奠定理论基础。【方法】选取24只健康、生长状况相近的11周龄C57BL/6雄性小鼠,随机分为3组(n=8):CON、A和B组,分别饲喂2、7和15 mg/kg叶酸,连续饲喂57 d。饲喂结束后分别测定3组小鼠左、右睾丸和精囊的重量,精子密度以及缓慢前进的精子比例,通过Illumina NovaseqTM6000高通量测序进行小鼠睾丸转录组测序分析,对测序结果进行差异表达基因(DEGs)、GO功能注释和蛋白互作网络(PPI)分析,筛选叶酸调控精液品质和繁殖力的关键基因,并结合荷斯坦种公牛繁殖力相关同源基因和数量性状基因座(QTLs)数据,进一步筛选叶酸调控牛和小鼠雄性繁殖力的同源基因。【结果】相较于CON组,B组小鼠左、右精囊重量均极显著增加(P<0.01),A和B组小鼠精液中缓慢前进的精子比例均极显著降低(P<0.01)。经RNA-Seq分析发现,在A vs CON组中筛选出423个DEGs,在B vs CON组中筛选出661个DEGs,A vs CON和B vs CON组中共有的上调DEGs 85个、下调DEGs 40个。通过GO功能注释分析发现,A vs CON组的DEGs显著富集在叶酸代谢和精液品质调控相关的GO条目,B vs CON组的DEGs显著富集在叶酸代谢和生殖器官发育相关的GO条目,A vs CON和B vs CON两个组共有的上调DEGs显著富集在叶酸代谢和精液品质调控相关等功能,共有的下调DEGs显著富集在一碳代谢过程和单精受精作用功能。通过DEGs的PPI网络分析发现,筛选出的核心节点(hub)基因可能通过影响精液品质而影响雄性动物繁殖力。同时本研究中筛选出的hub基因均为奶牛的同源基因,并找出了不同浓度叶酸影响荷斯坦种公牛繁殖力的同源基因及其附近的QTLs,包括每次妊娠的授精次数QTL、精子活力QTL等。将hub基因进一步与前人荷斯坦种公牛精子转录组差异表达基因进行比对,筛选出叶酸调控牛和小鼠繁殖力的同源基因:Serpinb1b基因(牛同源基因为SERPINB1)。【结论】饲喂7和15 mg/kg叶酸能够降低精液中缓慢前进的精子比例,通过转录组测序筛选出的Serpinb1b基因(牛同源基因为SERPINB1)是叶酸调控雄性动物繁殖力的关键基因之一,可为畜牧业实际生产中大型乳用动物荷斯坦牛的养殖及选育提供参考信息。
基金Supported by the PetroChina Science and Technology Major Project(2018E-11-02)
文摘Well Yinggu 1 drilled on the tectonic belt of the Wumaying buried-hill in Huanghua Depression obtained non-H2S high-yield oil and gas flow from the Permian Lower Shihezi Formation sandstone. The oil and gas are derived from the Upper Paleozoic coal source rock, the petroleum reservoir is an inner buried-hill primary oil and gas accumulation, showing a good prospect of the Paleozoic inner buried-hill primary reservoir exploration. The formation and accumulation of the primary petroleum reservoir in the Wumaying inner buried-hill are discussed by studying the primary source conditions, the inner buried-hill reservoir-cap combinations and the hydrocarbon accumulation period. The primary petroleum reservoir has three preponderant characteristics of accumulation: secondary large-scale gas generation of coal source rock, multi reservoir-cap combinations and mainly late hydrocarbon charging, which formed the compound hydrocarbon accumulation of the above-source sandstone and under-source carbonate rock in the Paleozoic inner buried-hill. Along with the Mesozoic and Cenozoic tectonic activities, the formation of the primary reservoir in Wumaying inner buried-hill is characterized by "mixed oil and gas charge in local parts in early stage, adjustment accumulation due to structural high migration in middle stage, and large-scale natural gas charge and compound accumulation in late stage".
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52274051)CNPC-China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Strategic Cooperative Project(ZLZX2020-01).
文摘In order to identify the development characteristics of fracture network in tight conglomerate reservoir of Mahu after hydraulic fracturing,a hydraulic fracturing test site was set up in the second and third members of Triassic Baikouquan Formation(T1b2 and T1b3)in Ma-131 well area,which learned from the successful experience of hydraulic fracturing test sites in North America(HFTS-1).Twelve horizontal wells and a high-angle coring well MaJ02 were drilled.The orientation,connection,propagation law and major controlling factors of hydraulic fractures were analyzed by comparing results of CT scans,imaging logs,direct observation of cores from Well MaJ02,and combined with tracer monitoring data.Results indicate that:(1)Two types of fractures have developed by hydraulic fracturing,i.e.tensile fractures and shear fractures.Tensile fractures are approximately parallel to the direction of the maximum horizontal principal stress,and propagate less than 50 m from perforation clusters.Shear fractures are distributed among tensile fractures and mainly in the strike-slip mode due to the induced stress field among tensile fractures,and some of them are in conjugated pairs.Overall,tensile fractures alternate with shear fractures,with shear fractures dominated and activated after tensile ones.(2)Tracer monitoring results indicate that communication between wells was prevalent in the early stage of production,and the static pressure in the fracture gradually decreased and the connectivity between wells reduced as production progressed.(3)Density of hydraulic fractures is mainly affected by the lithology and fracturing parameters,which is smaller in the mudstone than the conglomerate.Larger fracturing scale and smaller cluster spacing lead to a higher fracture density,which are important directions to improve the well productivity.
