Developing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly process for the production of valuable chemicals from abundant herbal biomass receives great attentions in recent years.Herein,taking advantage of the“lignin f...Developing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly process for the production of valuable chemicals from abundant herbal biomass receives great attentions in recent years.Herein,taking advantage of the“lignin first”strategy,corn straw is converted to valuable chemicals including lignin monomers,furfural and 5-methoxymethylfurfural via a two steps process.The key of this research lies in the development of a green and low-cost catalytic process utilizing magnetic Raney Ni catalyst and high boiling point ethylene glycol.The utilization of neat ethylene glycol as the sole slovent under atmospheric conditions obviates the need for additional additives,thereby facilitating the entire process to be conducted in glass flasks and rendering it highly convenient for scaling up.In the initial step,depolymerization of corn straw lignin resulted in a monomer yield of 18.1 wt%.Subsequently,in a dimethyl carbonate system,the carbohydrate component underwent complete conversion in a one-pot process,yielding furfural and 5-methoxymethylfurfural as the primary products with an impressive yield of 47.7%.展开更多
Lithium-selenium(Li-Se)batteries have attracted increasing attention as one of the next-generation battery systems due to much higher electronic conductivity and comparable volumetric capacity of Se compared to the po...Lithium-selenium(Li-Se)batteries have attracted increasing attention as one of the next-generation battery systems due to much higher electronic conductivity and comparable volumetric capacity of Se compared to the popular sulfur cathode.However,its practical application still faces great challenges,especially the rapid capacity decay triggered by the loss of active Se species.A comprehensive review to uncover the in-depth failure mechanism and provide targeted solutions to promote the stable operation of Li-Se batteries is urgently needed.This review systematically summarizes the strategies in the new perspective,focusing on the optimization of Se utilization in Li-Se batteries by keeping a high Se maintenance in the cathode and accelerating the electrochemical kinetics of lithium polyselenides(LiPSe)conversion.On the basis of stru ctural design and Li_(2)Se active material introduction to accommodate volume expansion,blocking s huttle transport of LiPSe by physical/chemical adsorption,bonding Se with polymers or cathode electrolyte interphase(CEI)construction,and catalytic design to accelerate the conversion of LiPSe,different strategies for improving the utilization of Se have been evaluated and discussed.To address the inevitable loss of Se,prospects on inactive Se reactivation and Li protection are detailedly proposed and analyzed referring to the chemistry and corrosion science.Additionally,the perspectives on the future design and comprehensive parameter evaluations for the optimization of Li-Se batteries are recommended.This review comprehensively explains the causes and solutions of capacity fading and provides potential efforts for lifespan expansion of batteries,shedding light on the future development of Li-Se batteries.展开更多
Exploration of advanced gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)represents a viable strategy for mitigating dendritic lithium(Li)growth,which is crucial in ensuring the safe operation of high energy density Li metal batteries(L...Exploration of advanced gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)represents a viable strategy for mitigating dendritic lithium(Li)growth,which is crucial in ensuring the safe operation of high energy density Li metal batteries(LMBs).Despite this,the application of GPEs is still hindered by inadequate ionic conductivity,low Li^(+)transference number,and subpar physicochemical properties.Herein,Ti O_(2-x)nanofibers(NF)with oxygen vacancy defects were synthesized by a one-step process as inorganic fillers to enhance the thermal/mechanical/ionic-transportation performances of composite GPEs.Various characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the oxygen vacancies on the surface of Ti O_(2-x)NF accelerate the dissociation of Li PF_6,promote the rapid transfer of free Li^(+),and influence the formation of Li F-enriched solid electrolyte interphase.Consequently,the composite GPEs demonstrate enhanced ionic conductivity(1.90m S cm^(-1)at room temperature),higher lithium-ion transference number(0.70),wider electrochemical stability window(5.50 V),superior mechanical strength,excellent thermal stability(210℃),and improved compatibility with lithium,resulting in superior cycling stability and rate performance in both Li||Li,Li||Li Fe PO_(4),and Li||Li Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)cells.Overall,the synergistic influence of nanofiber morphology and enriched oxygen vacancy structure of fillers on electrochemical properties of composite GPEs is comprehensively investigated,thus,it is anticipated to shed new light on designing high-performance GPEs LMBs.展开更多
Lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted significant attention due to their ultra-high theoretical energy density.However,serious challenges,such as potential lag,low-rate capability,round-trip efficiency,and ...Lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted significant attention due to their ultra-high theoretical energy density.However,serious challenges,such as potential lag,low-rate capability,round-trip efficiency,and poor cycle stability,greatly limit their practical application.This review provides a comprehensive account of the development of Li-O_(2)batteries,elucidates the current discharge/charge mechanism,and highlights both the advantages and bottlenecks of this technology.In particular,recent research progress on various cathode materials,such as carbon-based materials,noble metals,and non-noble metals,for Li-O_(2)batteries is deeply reviewed,emphasizing the impact of design strategies,material structures,chemical compositions,and microphysical parameters on oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)kinetics,as well as discharge products and overall battery performance.This review will also shed light on future research directions for oxygen electrode catalysts and material construction to facilitate the development of Li-O_(2)batteries with maximized electrochemical performance.展开更多
Bone loss caused by ageing has become one of the leading health risk factors worldwide.Wheat germ(WG)is consists of high amounts of bioactive peptides,polyunsaturated fatty acids,and dietary fibre.Currently,WG has bee...Bone loss caused by ageing has become one of the leading health risk factors worldwide.Wheat germ(WG)is consists of high amounts of bioactive peptides,polyunsaturated fatty acids,and dietary fibre.Currently,WG has been proven to possess strong antioxidant and anti-infl ammatory properties.We recently explored the beneficial effects and relevant mechanisms of a WG-rich diet(2.5%and 5%WG,m/m)on bone homeostasis in aged rats.Our results showed that 5%WG supplementation for 12 months effectively attenuated ageing-induced microstructural damage and differentiation activity changes in the femur.The 5%WG supplementation also signifi cantly increased the levels of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)(P<0.01),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)(P<0.05),and decreased infl ammatory cytokine levels(tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6))(P<0.01).Furthermore,the WG-rich diet reshaped the composition of the gut microbiota,enhancing short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)-producing microbes and reducing infl ammation-related microbes.In addition,metabolomics analysis showed that 5%WG supplementation improved plasma metabolites related to bone metabolism.Conclusively,our study purports long-term WG-rich diet may preserve bone homeostasis by regulating gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in aged rats.展开更多
Human mobility prediction is important for many applications.However,training an accurate mobility prediction model requires a large scale of human trajectories,where privacy issues become an important problem.The ris...Human mobility prediction is important for many applications.However,training an accurate mobility prediction model requires a large scale of human trajectories,where privacy issues become an important problem.The rising federated learning provides us with a promising solution to this problem,which enables mobile devices to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model while keeping all the training data on the device,decoupling the ability to do machine learning from the need to store the data in the cloud.However,existing federated learningbased methods either do not provide privacy guarantees or have vulnerability in terms of privacy leakage.In this paper,we combine the techniques of data perturbation and model perturbation mechanisms and propose a privacy-preserving mobility prediction algorithm,where we add noise to the transmitted model and the raw data collaboratively to protect user privacy and keep the mobility prediction performance.Extensive experimental results show that our proposed method significantly outperforms the existing stateof-the-art mobility prediction method in terms of defensive performance against practical attacks while having comparable mobility prediction performance,demonstrating its effectiveness.展开更多
目的梳理葛根素治疗糖尿病领域研究热点及发展趋势,为后续研究提供参考。方法以中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science Core Collection(WOSCC)为数据库,检索2003—2023年相关文献,采用CiteSpace对样本文献的发文量、作者、国家/地区、研究机...目的梳理葛根素治疗糖尿病领域研究热点及发展趋势,为后续研究提供参考。方法以中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science Core Collection(WOSCC)为数据库,检索2003—2023年相关文献,采用CiteSpace对样本文献的发文量、作者、国家/地区、研究机构、关键词等进行可视化分析。结果研究共纳入中文文献755篇,英文文献199篇,中文呈下降趋势,英文呈上升趋势。中、英文发文最多的作者分别是李强翔、Kim Jin Sook和Du Guanhua。中国是发文最多的国家。中南大学湘雅医院内分泌科和北京中医药大学是中文发文量最多的机构,上海中医药大学是英文发文量最多的机构。中文文献的关键词、聚类、突现词图谱显示葛根素制剂、糖尿病及糖尿病并发症、药理作用、临床应用是主要研究方向。英文文献的关键词、聚类、突现词图谱显示其主要围绕葛根素制剂治疗糖尿病及其并发症的药理作用和作用机制研究。结论葛根素治疗糖尿病研究总发文量呈稳定趋势。核心作者、国家/地区、研究机构以中国学者和研究机构为主,交流合作有待加强。中英文研究方向各有侧重,从分子水平深入研究葛根素治疗糖尿病及其并发症的生物学作用机制是共同的研究热点和趋势。展开更多
无线环境知识(WEK,Wireless Environment Knowledge)旨在描述环境与信道之间的映射关系,对于动态信道特征预测及优化通信资源配置具有重要意义。工业互联网(IIoT,Industrial Internet of Things)将互联网技术与传统工业相结合,具有场景...无线环境知识(WEK,Wireless Environment Knowledge)旨在描述环境与信道之间的映射关系,对于动态信道特征预测及优化通信资源配置具有重要意义。工业互联网(IIoT,Industrial Internet of Things)将互联网技术与传统工业相结合,具有场景空间大、设备分布密集、金属设备多、设备材质多样、传输信号的频率依赖性强等特点,通信环境受多种因素影响。对环境特性的准确描述有助于在IIoT等复杂电磁环境中实现更精确的路径损耗(PL,Pass Loss)预测,从而提升通信质量和可靠性。针对上述IIoT场景的多维特性,首先分析了场景中设备材质对于信号传输的影响,基于不同材质的电磁参数和频率特性构建了相应的知识系数;然后,提出了一个面向IIoT场景的WEK表示方法,基于位置信息和知识系数表示无线传播过程中散射体的反射、绕射和遮挡对于接收信号功率的贡献,并构建了一个基于WEK和神经网络(NN,Neural Network)的PL预测框架;最后,搭建了一个简单的室内IIoT场景进行仿真,验证了所提出的知识系数和WEK的有效性。展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(QNTD202302)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378024)the Foreign expert program(G2022109001L).
文摘Developing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly process for the production of valuable chemicals from abundant herbal biomass receives great attentions in recent years.Herein,taking advantage of the“lignin first”strategy,corn straw is converted to valuable chemicals including lignin monomers,furfural and 5-methoxymethylfurfural via a two steps process.The key of this research lies in the development of a green and low-cost catalytic process utilizing magnetic Raney Ni catalyst and high boiling point ethylene glycol.The utilization of neat ethylene glycol as the sole slovent under atmospheric conditions obviates the need for additional additives,thereby facilitating the entire process to be conducted in glass flasks and rendering it highly convenient for scaling up.In the initial step,depolymerization of corn straw lignin resulted in a monomer yield of 18.1 wt%.Subsequently,in a dimethyl carbonate system,the carbohydrate component underwent complete conversion in a one-pot process,yielding furfural and 5-methoxymethylfurfural as the primary products with an impressive yield of 47.7%.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(No.201809370046)a scholarship from the Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry,Universitéde Namur+5 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFA0202602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1663225,22293020,22293022 and 52103342)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities-Plan 111(Grant No.B20002)from the Ministry of Science and Technologythe Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT_15R52)of the Chinese Ministry of EducationBelgium-China Governmental Key Cooperation Program WBI-MOST(SUB/2021/IND493971/524448)the“Plan of relance”Wallonia Government(2310153-Bat Factory)。
文摘Lithium-selenium(Li-Se)batteries have attracted increasing attention as one of the next-generation battery systems due to much higher electronic conductivity and comparable volumetric capacity of Se compared to the popular sulfur cathode.However,its practical application still faces great challenges,especially the rapid capacity decay triggered by the loss of active Se species.A comprehensive review to uncover the in-depth failure mechanism and provide targeted solutions to promote the stable operation of Li-Se batteries is urgently needed.This review systematically summarizes the strategies in the new perspective,focusing on the optimization of Se utilization in Li-Se batteries by keeping a high Se maintenance in the cathode and accelerating the electrochemical kinetics of lithium polyselenides(LiPSe)conversion.On the basis of stru ctural design and Li_(2)Se active material introduction to accommodate volume expansion,blocking s huttle transport of LiPSe by physical/chemical adsorption,bonding Se with polymers or cathode electrolyte interphase(CEI)construction,and catalytic design to accelerate the conversion of LiPSe,different strategies for improving the utilization of Se have been evaluated and discussed.To address the inevitable loss of Se,prospects on inactive Se reactivation and Li protection are detailedly proposed and analyzed referring to the chemistry and corrosion science.Additionally,the perspectives on the future design and comprehensive parameter evaluations for the optimization of Li-Se batteries are recommended.This review comprehensively explains the causes and solutions of capacity fading and provides potential efforts for lifespan expansion of batteries,shedding light on the future development of Li-Se batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52122702,52277215)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(JQ2021E005)。
文摘Exploration of advanced gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs)represents a viable strategy for mitigating dendritic lithium(Li)growth,which is crucial in ensuring the safe operation of high energy density Li metal batteries(LMBs).Despite this,the application of GPEs is still hindered by inadequate ionic conductivity,low Li^(+)transference number,and subpar physicochemical properties.Herein,Ti O_(2-x)nanofibers(NF)with oxygen vacancy defects were synthesized by a one-step process as inorganic fillers to enhance the thermal/mechanical/ionic-transportation performances of composite GPEs.Various characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the oxygen vacancies on the surface of Ti O_(2-x)NF accelerate the dissociation of Li PF_6,promote the rapid transfer of free Li^(+),and influence the formation of Li F-enriched solid electrolyte interphase.Consequently,the composite GPEs demonstrate enhanced ionic conductivity(1.90m S cm^(-1)at room temperature),higher lithium-ion transference number(0.70),wider electrochemical stability window(5.50 V),superior mechanical strength,excellent thermal stability(210℃),and improved compatibility with lithium,resulting in superior cycling stability and rate performance in both Li||Li,Li||Li Fe PO_(4),and Li||Li Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)cells.Overall,the synergistic influence of nanofiber morphology and enriched oxygen vacancy structure of fillers on electrochemical properties of composite GPEs is comprehensively investigated,thus,it is anticipated to shed new light on designing high-performance GPEs LMBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1663225,22293020 and 22293022)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFE0115800)+2 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT_15R52)of the Chinese Ministry of Educationthe Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities-Plan 111(B20002)from the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Education of Chinathe Belgium-China Governmental Key Cooperation Program WBI-MOST(SUB/2021/IND493971/524448)。
文摘Lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted significant attention due to their ultra-high theoretical energy density.However,serious challenges,such as potential lag,low-rate capability,round-trip efficiency,and poor cycle stability,greatly limit their practical application.This review provides a comprehensive account of the development of Li-O_(2)batteries,elucidates the current discharge/charge mechanism,and highlights both the advantages and bottlenecks of this technology.In particular,recent research progress on various cathode materials,such as carbon-based materials,noble metals,and non-noble metals,for Li-O_(2)batteries is deeply reviewed,emphasizing the impact of design strategies,material structures,chemical compositions,and microphysical parameters on oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)kinetics,as well as discharge products and overall battery performance.This review will also shed light on future research directions for oxygen electrode catalysts and material construction to facilitate the development of Li-O_(2)batteries with maximized electrochemical performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172203,81903940,32172139,and 32202001)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20220372)+2 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China under Grant(22KJB550003)the Excellent Postdoctoral Program of Jiangsu Province(2022ZB433).
文摘Bone loss caused by ageing has become one of the leading health risk factors worldwide.Wheat germ(WG)is consists of high amounts of bioactive peptides,polyunsaturated fatty acids,and dietary fibre.Currently,WG has been proven to possess strong antioxidant and anti-infl ammatory properties.We recently explored the beneficial effects and relevant mechanisms of a WG-rich diet(2.5%and 5%WG,m/m)on bone homeostasis in aged rats.Our results showed that 5%WG supplementation for 12 months effectively attenuated ageing-induced microstructural damage and differentiation activity changes in the femur.The 5%WG supplementation also signifi cantly increased the levels of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)(P<0.01),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)(P<0.05),and decreased infl ammatory cytokine levels(tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6))(P<0.01).Furthermore,the WG-rich diet reshaped the composition of the gut microbiota,enhancing short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)-producing microbes and reducing infl ammation-related microbes.In addition,metabolomics analysis showed that 5%WG supplementation improved plasma metabolites related to bone metabolism.Conclusively,our study purports long-term WG-rich diet may preserve bone homeostasis by regulating gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in aged rats.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under 2020AAA0106000the National Natural Science Foundation of China under U20B2060 and U21B2036supported by a grant from the Guoqiang Institute, Tsinghua University under 2021GQG1005
文摘Human mobility prediction is important for many applications.However,training an accurate mobility prediction model requires a large scale of human trajectories,where privacy issues become an important problem.The rising federated learning provides us with a promising solution to this problem,which enables mobile devices to collaboratively learn a shared prediction model while keeping all the training data on the device,decoupling the ability to do machine learning from the need to store the data in the cloud.However,existing federated learningbased methods either do not provide privacy guarantees or have vulnerability in terms of privacy leakage.In this paper,we combine the techniques of data perturbation and model perturbation mechanisms and propose a privacy-preserving mobility prediction algorithm,where we add noise to the transmitted model and the raw data collaboratively to protect user privacy and keep the mobility prediction performance.Extensive experimental results show that our proposed method significantly outperforms the existing stateof-the-art mobility prediction method in terms of defensive performance against practical attacks while having comparable mobility prediction performance,demonstrating its effectiveness.
文摘目的梳理葛根素治疗糖尿病领域研究热点及发展趋势,为后续研究提供参考。方法以中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science Core Collection(WOSCC)为数据库,检索2003—2023年相关文献,采用CiteSpace对样本文献的发文量、作者、国家/地区、研究机构、关键词等进行可视化分析。结果研究共纳入中文文献755篇,英文文献199篇,中文呈下降趋势,英文呈上升趋势。中、英文发文最多的作者分别是李强翔、Kim Jin Sook和Du Guanhua。中国是发文最多的国家。中南大学湘雅医院内分泌科和北京中医药大学是中文发文量最多的机构,上海中医药大学是英文发文量最多的机构。中文文献的关键词、聚类、突现词图谱显示葛根素制剂、糖尿病及糖尿病并发症、药理作用、临床应用是主要研究方向。英文文献的关键词、聚类、突现词图谱显示其主要围绕葛根素制剂治疗糖尿病及其并发症的药理作用和作用机制研究。结论葛根素治疗糖尿病研究总发文量呈稳定趋势。核心作者、国家/地区、研究机构以中国学者和研究机构为主,交流合作有待加强。中英文研究方向各有侧重,从分子水平深入研究葛根素治疗糖尿病及其并发症的生物学作用机制是共同的研究热点和趋势。
文摘无线环境知识(WEK,Wireless Environment Knowledge)旨在描述环境与信道之间的映射关系,对于动态信道特征预测及优化通信资源配置具有重要意义。工业互联网(IIoT,Industrial Internet of Things)将互联网技术与传统工业相结合,具有场景空间大、设备分布密集、金属设备多、设备材质多样、传输信号的频率依赖性强等特点,通信环境受多种因素影响。对环境特性的准确描述有助于在IIoT等复杂电磁环境中实现更精确的路径损耗(PL,Pass Loss)预测,从而提升通信质量和可靠性。针对上述IIoT场景的多维特性,首先分析了场景中设备材质对于信号传输的影响,基于不同材质的电磁参数和频率特性构建了相应的知识系数;然后,提出了一个面向IIoT场景的WEK表示方法,基于位置信息和知识系数表示无线传播过程中散射体的反射、绕射和遮挡对于接收信号功率的贡献,并构建了一个基于WEK和神经网络(NN,Neural Network)的PL预测框架;最后,搭建了一个简单的室内IIoT场景进行仿真,验证了所提出的知识系数和WEK的有效性。
