同化大量观测资料可以有效地改进模式预报结果,但不同观测对预报的影响有着显著差异,合理评估观测对预报的贡献是数值模式中最具挑战性的诊断之一。本文采用基于伴随的预报对观测的敏感性(Forecast Sensitivity to Observation,简称FSO...同化大量观测资料可以有效地改进模式预报结果,但不同观测对预报的影响有着显著差异,合理评估观测对预报的贡献是数值模式中最具挑战性的诊断之一。本文采用基于伴随的预报对观测的敏感性(Forecast Sensitivity to Observation,简称FSO)方法,构建WRFDA(Weather Research and Forecasting model’sData Assimilation)框架下的WRFDA-FSO系统。基于2019年9月超大城市项目在北京地区获取的风廓线雷达(Wind Profile Radar,简称WPR)和地基微波辐射计(Microwave Radiometer,简称MWR)观测数据,利用WRFDA-FSO系统,开展观测对WRF模式12 h预报的影响试验,并分析风温湿观测对预报的贡献。结果表明:(1)同化的观测资料(MWR、WPR、Sound、Synop和Geoamv)均减小了WRF模式12 h预报误差,对预报为正贡献,其中MWR观测对预报的影响最大,WPR风场观测对预报的改进效果优于Sound的风场观测。(2)WPR的U、V观测和MWR的T、Q观测中,V观测和T观测对预报的正贡献值更高,对预报的改进效果更优。(3)WPR和MWR多数高度层的观测均减小了预报误差,对预报为正贡献,其中MWR的T观测对预报的正贡献主要位于近地面800 h Pa以下。展开更多
The conventional data envelopment analysis （DEA） measures the relative efficiencies of a set of decision making units with exact values of inputs and outputs. In real-world prob- lems, however, inputs and outputs ty...The conventional data envelopment analysis （DEA） measures the relative efficiencies of a set of decision making units with exact values of inputs and outputs. In real-world prob- lems, however, inputs and outputs typically have some levels of fuzziness. To analyze a decision making unit （DMU） with fuzzy input/output data, previous studies provided the fuzzy DEA model and proposed an associated evaluating approach. Nonetheless, numerous deficiencies must still be improved, including the α- cut approaches, types of fuzzy numbers, and ranking techniques. Moreover, a fuzzy sample DMU still cannot be evaluated for the Fuzzy DEA model. Therefore, this paper proposes a fuzzy DEA model based on sample decision making unit （FSDEA）. Five eval- uation approaches and the related algorithm and ranking methods are provided to test the fuzzy sample DMU of the FSDEA model. A numerical experiment is used to demonstrate and compare the results with those obtained using alternative approaches.展开更多
To correct the range walk through resolution cell in Doppler beam sharpening （DBS） imaging, a new DBS imaging algorithm based on Keystone transform is proposed. Without the exact values of the movement parameters an...To correct the range walk through resolution cell in Doppler beam sharpening （DBS） imaging, a new DBS imaging algorithm based on Keystone transform is proposed. Without the exact values of the movement parameters and the look angle of the radar platform in the multi-targets environment, a linear trans- form on the received data is employed to correct different range walk values accurately under the condition of Doppler frequency ambiguity in this algorithm. This method can realize the cohe- rent integration in azimuth dimension and improve the azimuth resolution. In order to reduce the computational burden, a fast implementation of Keystone transform is used. Theoretical anal- ysis and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the new algorithm. And through comparing the computational load of the fast implementation with several other algorithms, the real-time processing ability of the proposed algorithm is superior to that of other algorithms.展开更多
文摘同化大量观测资料可以有效地改进模式预报结果,但不同观测对预报的影响有着显著差异,合理评估观测对预报的贡献是数值模式中最具挑战性的诊断之一。本文采用基于伴随的预报对观测的敏感性(Forecast Sensitivity to Observation,简称FSO)方法,构建WRFDA(Weather Research and Forecasting model’sData Assimilation)框架下的WRFDA-FSO系统。基于2019年9月超大城市项目在北京地区获取的风廓线雷达(Wind Profile Radar,简称WPR)和地基微波辐射计(Microwave Radiometer,简称MWR)观测数据,利用WRFDA-FSO系统,开展观测对WRF模式12 h预报的影响试验,并分析风温湿观测对预报的贡献。结果表明:(1)同化的观测资料(MWR、WPR、Sound、Synop和Geoamv)均减小了WRF模式12 h预报误差,对预报为正贡献,其中MWR观测对预报的影响最大,WPR风场观测对预报的改进效果优于Sound的风场观测。(2)WPR的U、V观测和MWR的T、Q观测中,V观测和T观测对预报的正贡献值更高,对预报的改进效果更优。(3)WPR和MWR多数高度层的观测均减小了预报误差,对预报为正贡献,其中MWR的T观测对预报的正贡献主要位于近地面800 h Pa以下。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (70961005)211 Project for Postgraduate Student Program of Inner Mongolia University+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia (2010Zd342011MS1002)
文摘The conventional data envelopment analysis （DEA） measures the relative efficiencies of a set of decision making units with exact values of inputs and outputs. In real-world prob- lems, however, inputs and outputs typically have some levels of fuzziness. To analyze a decision making unit （DMU） with fuzzy input/output data, previous studies provided the fuzzy DEA model and proposed an associated evaluating approach. Nonetheless, numerous deficiencies must still be improved, including the α- cut approaches, types of fuzzy numbers, and ranking techniques. Moreover, a fuzzy sample DMU still cannot be evaluated for the Fuzzy DEA model. Therefore, this paper proposes a fuzzy DEA model based on sample decision making unit （FSDEA）. Five eval- uation approaches and the related algorithm and ranking methods are provided to test the fuzzy sample DMU of the FSDEA model. A numerical experiment is used to demonstrate and compare the results with those obtained using alternative approaches.
基金supported by the Basic Research of the National Department of Defense (A2220060054)the Foundation of Shanghai Aerospace Science and Technology
文摘To correct the range walk through resolution cell in Doppler beam sharpening （DBS） imaging, a new DBS imaging algorithm based on Keystone transform is proposed. Without the exact values of the movement parameters and the look angle of the radar platform in the multi-targets environment, a linear trans- form on the received data is employed to correct different range walk values accurately under the condition of Doppler frequency ambiguity in this algorithm. This method can realize the cohe- rent integration in azimuth dimension and improve the azimuth resolution. In order to reduce the computational burden, a fast implementation of Keystone transform is used. Theoretical anal- ysis and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the new algorithm. And through comparing the computational load of the fast implementation with several other algorithms, the real-time processing ability of the proposed algorithm is superior to that of other algorithms.
