Although the single-particle model enhanced with electrolyte dynamics(SPMe)is simplified from the pseudo-twodimensional(P2D)electrochemical model for lithium-ion batteries,it is difficult to solve the partial differen...Although the single-particle model enhanced with electrolyte dynamics(SPMe)is simplified from the pseudo-twodimensional(P2D)electrochemical model for lithium-ion batteries,it is difficult to solve the partial differential equations of solid–liquid phases in real-time applications.Moreover,working temperatures have a heavy impact on the battery behavior.Hence,a thermal-coupling SPMe is constructed.Herein,a lumped thermal model is established to estimate battery temperatures.The order of the SPMe model is reduced by using both transfer functions and truncation techniques and merged with Arrhenius equations for thermal effects.The polarization voltage drop is then modified through the use of test data because its original model is unreliable theoretically.Finally,the coupling-model parameters are extracted using genetic algorithms.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model produces average errors of about 42 mV under 15 constant current conditions and 15 mV under nine dynamic conditions,respectively.This new electrochemicalthermal coupling model is reliable and expected to be used for onboard applications.展开更多
This paper studies a deconvolved Chebyshev beamforming(Dcv-Che-BF)method.Compared with other deconvolution beamforming methods,Dcv-Che-BF can preset sidelobe levels according to the actual situation,which can achieve ...This paper studies a deconvolved Chebyshev beamforming(Dcv-Che-BF)method.Compared with other deconvolution beamforming methods,Dcv-Che-BF can preset sidelobe levels according to the actual situation,which can achieve higher resolution performance.However,the performance of Dcv-Che-BF was not necessarily better with a lower preset sidelobe level in the presence of noise.Instead,it was much better when the preset side lobe level matched the signal to noise ratio of the signal.The performance of the Dcv-Che-BF method with different preset sidelobe levels was analyzed using simulation.The Dcv-Che-BF method achieved a lower sidelobe level and better resolution capability when the preset sidelobe level was slightly greater than the noise background level.To validate the feasibility and performance of the proposed method,computer simulations and sea trials were analyzed.The results show that the Dcv-Che-BF method is a robust high-resolution beamforming method that can achieve a narrow mainlobe and low sidelobe.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFF0601101)。
文摘Although the single-particle model enhanced with electrolyte dynamics(SPMe)is simplified from the pseudo-twodimensional(P2D)electrochemical model for lithium-ion batteries,it is difficult to solve the partial differential equations of solid–liquid phases in real-time applications.Moreover,working temperatures have a heavy impact on the battery behavior.Hence,a thermal-coupling SPMe is constructed.Herein,a lumped thermal model is established to estimate battery temperatures.The order of the SPMe model is reduced by using both transfer functions and truncation techniques and merged with Arrhenius equations for thermal effects.The polarization voltage drop is then modified through the use of test data because its original model is unreliable theoretically.Finally,the coupling-model parameters are extracted using genetic algorithms.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model produces average errors of about 42 mV under 15 constant current conditions and 15 mV under nine dynamic conditions,respectively.This new electrochemicalthermal coupling model is reliable and expected to be used for onboard applications.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61801140.
文摘This paper studies a deconvolved Chebyshev beamforming(Dcv-Che-BF)method.Compared with other deconvolution beamforming methods,Dcv-Che-BF can preset sidelobe levels according to the actual situation,which can achieve higher resolution performance.However,the performance of Dcv-Che-BF was not necessarily better with a lower preset sidelobe level in the presence of noise.Instead,it was much better when the preset side lobe level matched the signal to noise ratio of the signal.The performance of the Dcv-Che-BF method with different preset sidelobe levels was analyzed using simulation.The Dcv-Che-BF method achieved a lower sidelobe level and better resolution capability when the preset sidelobe level was slightly greater than the noise background level.To validate the feasibility and performance of the proposed method,computer simulations and sea trials were analyzed.The results show that the Dcv-Che-BF method is a robust high-resolution beamforming method that can achieve a narrow mainlobe and low sidelobe.
