Background:Noise exposure can lead to hearing loss and multiple system dysfunctions.As various forms of noise exist in our living environments,and our auditory organs are very sensitive to acoustic stimuli,it is a cha...Background:Noise exposure can lead to hearing loss and multiple system dysfunctions.As various forms of noise exist in our living environments,and our auditory organs are very sensitive to acoustic stimuli,it is a challenge to protect our hearing system in certain noisy environments.Presentation of the hypothesis:Herein,we propose that our hearing organ could serve as a noise eliminator for high intensity noise and enhance acoustic signal processing abilities by increasing the signal-noise ratio.For suprathreshold signals,the hearing system is capable of regulating the middle ear muscles and other structures to actively suppress the sound level to a safe range.Testing the hypothesis:To test our hypothesis,both mathematic model analyses and animal model studies are needed.Based on a digital 3D reconstructed model,every structure in the auditory system can be analyzed and tested for its contribution to the process of noise reduction.Products manufactured by this bionic method could be used and verified in animal models and volunteers.Implications:By mimicking the noise-reduction effect of the sophisticated structures in the hearing system,we may be able to provide a model that establishes a new active-sound-suppression mode.This innovative method may overcome the limited capabilities of current noise protection options and become a promising possibility for noise prevention.展开更多
To determine the prevalence and clinical features of olfactory and taste disorders among coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients in China.A cross-sectional study was performed in Wuhan from April 3,2020 to April 15...To determine the prevalence and clinical features of olfactory and taste disorders among coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients in China.A cross-sectional study was performed in Wuhan from April 3,2020 to April 15,2020.A total of 187 patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)completed face-to-face interviews or telephone follow-ups.We found that the prevalence of olfactory and taste disorders was significantly lower in the Chinese cohort than in foreign COVID-19 cohorts.Females were more prone to olfactory and taste disorders.In some patients,olfactory and taste disorders precede other symptoms and can be used as early screening and warning signs.展开更多
基金supported by a Major Project of Twelfth Five-Year Plan(BWS14J045)a Major Project of the National Ministry of Science and Technology(2014ZX09J14101-06C)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(81528005,81470700)the National Key Basic Research Development Program(973 Program)(2012CB967900)the Hundred Leading Talent Project of High-Tech Beijinga Fostering Fund of the Beijing Science and Technology Commission on Frontier Technology in Life Sciences.
文摘Background:Noise exposure can lead to hearing loss and multiple system dysfunctions.As various forms of noise exist in our living environments,and our auditory organs are very sensitive to acoustic stimuli,it is a challenge to protect our hearing system in certain noisy environments.Presentation of the hypothesis:Herein,we propose that our hearing organ could serve as a noise eliminator for high intensity noise and enhance acoustic signal processing abilities by increasing the signal-noise ratio.For suprathreshold signals,the hearing system is capable of regulating the middle ear muscles and other structures to actively suppress the sound level to a safe range.Testing the hypothesis:To test our hypothesis,both mathematic model analyses and animal model studies are needed.Based on a digital 3D reconstructed model,every structure in the auditory system can be analyzed and tested for its contribution to the process of noise reduction.Products manufactured by this bionic method could be used and verified in animal models and volunteers.Implications:By mimicking the noise-reduction effect of the sophisticated structures in the hearing system,we may be able to provide a model that establishes a new active-sound-suppression mode.This innovative method may overcome the limited capabilities of current noise protection options and become a promising possibility for noise prevention.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81830064,81721092,81971841)the National Key Research and Development Plan(2017YFC1103304,2017YFC1104701)。
文摘To determine the prevalence and clinical features of olfactory and taste disorders among coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients in China.A cross-sectional study was performed in Wuhan from April 3,2020 to April 15,2020.A total of 187 patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)completed face-to-face interviews or telephone follow-ups.We found that the prevalence of olfactory and taste disorders was significantly lower in the Chinese cohort than in foreign COVID-19 cohorts.Females were more prone to olfactory and taste disorders.In some patients,olfactory and taste disorders precede other symptoms and can be used as early screening and warning signs.
