Graphene-based gas/vapor sensors have attracted much attention in recent years due to their variety of structures, unique sensing performances, room-temperature working conditions, and tremendous application prospects...Graphene-based gas/vapor sensors have attracted much attention in recent years due to their variety of structures, unique sensing performances, room-temperature working conditions, and tremendous application prospects, etc.Herein, we summarize recent advantages in graphene preparation, sensor construction, and sensing properties of various graphene-based gas/vapor sensors, such as NH_3, NO_2, H_2, CO, SO_2, H_2S, as well as vapor of volatile organic compounds.The detection mechanisms pertaining to various gases are also discussed. In conclusion part, some existing problems which may hinder the sensor applications are presented. Several possible methods to solve these problems are proposed, for example, conceived solutions, hybrid nanostructures, multiple sensor arrays, and new recognition algorithm.展开更多
Graphene, as an intermediate phase between fullerene and carbon nanotube, has aroused much interests among the scientific community due to its outstanding electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties.With excellent ...Graphene, as an intermediate phase between fullerene and carbon nanotube, has aroused much interests among the scientific community due to its outstanding electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties.With excellent electrical conductivity of 6000 S/cm, which is independent on chirality, graphene is a promising material for high-performance nanoelectronics, transparent conductor, as well as polymer composites. On account of its Young's Modulus of 1 TPa and ultimate strength of 130 GPa, isolated graphene sheet is considered to be among the strongest materials ever measured. Comparable with the single-walled carbon nanotube bundle,graphene has a thermal conductivity of 5000 W/(m·K), which suggests a potential application of graphene in polymer matrix for improving thermal properties of the graphene/polymer composite. Furthermore, graphene exhibits a very high surface area, up to a value of 2630 m^2/g. All of these outstanding properties suggest a wide application for this nanometer-thick, two-dimensional carbon material. This review article presents an overview of the significant advancement in graphene research: preparation, functionalization as well as the properties of graphene will be discussed. In addition, the feasibility and potential applications of graphene in areas, such as sensors, nanoelectronics and nanocomposites materials, will also be reviewed.展开更多
Carbon dots(CDs), as a new member of carbon nanomaterial family, have aroused great interest since their discovery in 2004. Because of their outstanding water solubility, high sensitivity and selectivity to target ana...Carbon dots(CDs), as a new member of carbon nanomaterial family, have aroused great interest since their discovery in 2004. Because of their outstanding water solubility, high sensitivity and selectivity to target analytes, low toxicity, favorable biocompatibility, and excellent photostability, researchers from diverse disciplines have come together to further develop the fundamental properties of CDs. Many methods for the production of CDs have been reported, therein, hydrothermal and solvothermal technology needs simple equipments, and microwave synthesis needs less reaction time, hence these methods become current common synthesis methods, in which many precursors have been applied to produce CDs. Due to their excellent fluorescence, CDs have made impressive strides in sensitivity and selectivity to a diverse array of salt ions,organic/biological molecules and target gases. The development of CDs as nanoprobes is still in its infancy, but continued progress may lead to their integration into environmental and biological applications. Hydrothermal,solvothermal, and microwave synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots and their detection applications as nanoprobes in salt ions, organic/biological molecules, and target gases will be reviewed.展开更多
An efficient visible light driven photocatalyst, gold nanoparticles(NPs) modified Bi VO_4(Au/Bi VO_4), has been synthesized by deposition-precipitation with urea method. Au/Bi VO_4 exhibits enhanced photocatalytic act...An efficient visible light driven photocatalyst, gold nanoparticles(NPs) modified Bi VO_4(Au/Bi VO_4), has been synthesized by deposition-precipitation with urea method. Au/Bi VO_4 exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity for phenol degradation underλ>400 nm irradiation but negligible activity underλ>535 nm,indicating that the surface plasmon resonance(SPR) effect is too weak for organic photodegradation. According to the photoelectrochemical results of the porous powder electrodes of Bi VO_4 and Au/Bi VO_4, the SPR effect of Au NPs has been assessed. The role of Au NPs as electron sinks or sources, which is controllable by incident photon energy and applied potentials, has been discussed.展开更多
Catalyst recovery is one of the most important aspects that restrict the application of Ti O_2 photocatalyst. In order to reduce restrictions and improve the photocatalytic efficiency, a hierarchical porous Ti O_2 mon...Catalyst recovery is one of the most important aspects that restrict the application of Ti O_2 photocatalyst. In order to reduce restrictions and improve the photocatalytic efficiency, a hierarchical porous Ti O_2 monolith(PTM) with well-defined macroporous and homogeneous mesoporous structure was prepared by using a sol-gel phase separation method. P123 was used as the mesoporous template and graphene oxide was applied to increase the activity and integrity of the monolithic Ti O_2. According to scanning electron microscopy and the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda measurements, PTM_3 is mainly composed of 10 nm anatase crystallines with3.6 nm mesopores and 2-8 μm macropores. Further characterization suggests carbon and nitrogen have been maintained in the PTM during calcinations so as to induce the visible light activity. The PTM with 0.07 wt%graphene oxide dosage shows high efficiency for methyl orange(MO) decolorization under both full spectrum and visible light irradiation(λ >400 nm). Besides, the monolith remains intact and has good photocatalytic stability after four cyclic experiments.展开更多
Inorganic solar cells, as durable photovoltaic devices for harvesting electric energy from sun light,have received tremendous attention due to the fear of exhausting the earth's energy resources and damaging the l...Inorganic solar cells, as durable photovoltaic devices for harvesting electric energy from sun light,have received tremendous attention due to the fear of exhausting the earth's energy resources and damaging the living environment due to greenhouse gases. Some recent developments in nanotechnology have opened up new avenues for more relevant inorganic solar cells produced by new photovoltaic conversion concepts and effective solar energy harvesting nanostructures. In this review, the multiple exciton generation effect solar cells, hot carrier solar cells, one dimensional material constructed asymmetrical schottky barrier arrays, noble nanoparticle induced plasmonic enhancement, and light trapping nanostructured semiconductor solar cells are highlighted.展开更多
In recent years, the emerging cardiac tissue engineering provides a new therapeutic method for heart diseases. And in the tissue engineering, the scaffold material which can mimic the structure of the extracellular ma...In recent years, the emerging cardiac tissue engineering provides a new therapeutic method for heart diseases. And in the tissue engineering, the scaffold material which can mimic the structure of the extracellular matrix properly is a key factor. The rapid expansion of nano-scaffolds during the past ten years has led to new perspectives and advances in biomedical research as well as in clinical practice. Here we search articles published in recent years extensively on cardiac tissue engineering scaffold materials and nanotechnology. And we review the traditional scaffold materials and the advances of the nano-scaffolds in cardiac tissue engineering. A thorough understanding of the nano-scaffolds would enable us to better exploit technologies to research the ideal scaffold material, and promote the cardiac tissue engineering using in the clinical practice as soon as possible.展开更多
Tree-shaped nickel nanocrystals with long main trunk and highly ordered branches were prepared via electrolytic method in ethylene glycol solution. The morphology and structures of nanotrees of crystalline nickel can ...Tree-shaped nickel nanocrystals with long main trunk and highly ordered branches were prepared via electrolytic method in ethylene glycol solution. The morphology and structures of nanotrees of crystalline nickel can be controlled by the processing of the surfactant(PVP) and electrolytic voltage. Magnetic property measurements at room temperature indicated that the as-prepared nanotrees of crystalline nickel possess higher saturation magnetism(MS) and coercivity(HC) than those of corresponding bulk nickel materials.展开更多
基金financial supports provided by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB932500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21171117 and 61574091)+3 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-12-0356)the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(15XD1525200)Shanghai Jiao Tong University Agri-X Funding(Agri-X2015007)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning
文摘Graphene-based gas/vapor sensors have attracted much attention in recent years due to their variety of structures, unique sensing performances, room-temperature working conditions, and tremendous application prospects, etc.Herein, we summarize recent advantages in graphene preparation, sensor construction, and sensing properties of various graphene-based gas/vapor sensors, such as NH_3, NO_2, H_2, CO, SO_2, H_2S, as well as vapor of volatile organic compounds.The detection mechanisms pertaining to various gases are also discussed. In conclusion part, some existing problems which may hinder the sensor applications are presented. Several possible methods to solve these problems are proposed, for example, conceived solutions, hybrid nanostructures, multiple sensor arrays, and new recognition algorithm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50902092 and 51102164)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 1052nm06800 and 1052nm02000)+1 种基金Shanghai Pujiang Program (No. 11PJD011)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning
文摘Graphene, as an intermediate phase between fullerene and carbon nanotube, has aroused much interests among the scientific community due to its outstanding electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties.With excellent electrical conductivity of 6000 S/cm, which is independent on chirality, graphene is a promising material for high-performance nanoelectronics, transparent conductor, as well as polymer composites. On account of its Young's Modulus of 1 TPa and ultimate strength of 130 GPa, isolated graphene sheet is considered to be among the strongest materials ever measured. Comparable with the single-walled carbon nanotube bundle,graphene has a thermal conductivity of 5000 W/(m·K), which suggests a potential application of graphene in polymer matrix for improving thermal properties of the graphene/polymer composite. Furthermore, graphene exhibits a very high surface area, up to a value of 2630 m^2/g. All of these outstanding properties suggest a wide application for this nanometer-thick, two-dimensional carbon material. This review article presents an overview of the significant advancement in graphene research: preparation, functionalization as well as the properties of graphene will be discussed. In addition, the feasibility and potential applications of graphene in areas, such as sensors, nanoelectronics and nanocomposites materials, will also be reviewed.
基金supported by the National HighTech R&D Program of China (863 program, 2011AA050504)National Natural Science Foundation of China (21171117 and 61376003)+4 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0356)Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (13ZR1456600)Shanghai Science and Technology Grant (12JC1405700)Shanghai Pujiang Program (11PJD011)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, and Medical-Engineering Crossover Fund (YG2012MS40 and YG2012MS32) of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
文摘Carbon dots(CDs), as a new member of carbon nanomaterial family, have aroused great interest since their discovery in 2004. Because of their outstanding water solubility, high sensitivity and selectivity to target analytes, low toxicity, favorable biocompatibility, and excellent photostability, researchers from diverse disciplines have come together to further develop the fundamental properties of CDs. Many methods for the production of CDs have been reported, therein, hydrothermal and solvothermal technology needs simple equipments, and microwave synthesis needs less reaction time, hence these methods become current common synthesis methods, in which many precursors have been applied to produce CDs. Due to their excellent fluorescence, CDs have made impressive strides in sensitivity and selectivity to a diverse array of salt ions,organic/biological molecules and target gases. The development of CDs as nanoprobes is still in its infancy, but continued progress may lead to their integration into environmental and biological applications. Hydrothermal,solvothermal, and microwave synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots and their detection applications as nanoprobes in salt ions, organic/biological molecules, and target gases will be reviewed.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20907031)the SSRF pro ject(No.10sr0175)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.09ZR1414800)
文摘An efficient visible light driven photocatalyst, gold nanoparticles(NPs) modified Bi VO_4(Au/Bi VO_4), has been synthesized by deposition-precipitation with urea method. Au/Bi VO_4 exhibits enhanced photocatalytic activity for phenol degradation underλ>400 nm irradiation but negligible activity underλ>535 nm,indicating that the surface plasmon resonance(SPR) effect is too weak for organic photodegradation. According to the photoelectrochemical results of the porous powder electrodes of Bi VO_4 and Au/Bi VO_4, the SPR effect of Au NPs has been assessed. The role of Au NPs as electron sinks or sources, which is controllable by incident photon energy and applied potentials, has been discussed.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20907031)
文摘Catalyst recovery is one of the most important aspects that restrict the application of Ti O_2 photocatalyst. In order to reduce restrictions and improve the photocatalytic efficiency, a hierarchical porous Ti O_2 monolith(PTM) with well-defined macroporous and homogeneous mesoporous structure was prepared by using a sol-gel phase separation method. P123 was used as the mesoporous template and graphene oxide was applied to increase the activity and integrity of the monolithic Ti O_2. According to scanning electron microscopy and the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda measurements, PTM_3 is mainly composed of 10 nm anatase crystallines with3.6 nm mesopores and 2-8 μm macropores. Further characterization suggests carbon and nitrogen have been maintained in the PTM during calcinations so as to induce the visible light activity. The PTM with 0.07 wt%graphene oxide dosage shows high efficiency for methyl orange(MO) decolorization under both full spectrum and visible light irradiation(λ >400 nm). Besides, the monolith remains intact and has good photocatalytic stability after four cyclic experiments.
基金financial support from National High-Tech R & D Program of China (863, No. 2011AA050504)Natural Science Foundation of shanghai (No. 10ZR1416300), Shanghai Pujiang Program (No. 11PJD011)+2 种基金the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learningthe Foundation for SMC Excellent Young Teacher, "PCSIRT"the Analytical and Testing Center in Shanghai Jiaotong University
文摘Inorganic solar cells, as durable photovoltaic devices for harvesting electric energy from sun light,have received tremendous attention due to the fear of exhausting the earth's energy resources and damaging the living environment due to greenhouse gases. Some recent developments in nanotechnology have opened up new avenues for more relevant inorganic solar cells produced by new photovoltaic conversion concepts and effective solar energy harvesting nanostructures. In this review, the multiple exciton generation effect solar cells, hot carrier solar cells, one dimensional material constructed asymmetrical schottky barrier arrays, noble nanoparticle induced plasmonic enhancement, and light trapping nanostructured semiconductor solar cells are highlighted.
文摘In recent years, the emerging cardiac tissue engineering provides a new therapeutic method for heart diseases. And in the tissue engineering, the scaffold material which can mimic the structure of the extracellular matrix properly is a key factor. The rapid expansion of nano-scaffolds during the past ten years has led to new perspectives and advances in biomedical research as well as in clinical practice. Here we search articles published in recent years extensively on cardiac tissue engineering scaffold materials and nanotechnology. And we review the traditional scaffold materials and the advances of the nano-scaffolds in cardiac tissue engineering. A thorough understanding of the nano-scaffolds would enable us to better exploit technologies to research the ideal scaffold material, and promote the cardiac tissue engineering using in the clinical practice as soon as possible.
基金financial support from Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 50730008) and shanghai(No. 10ZR1416300)Shanghai Science and Technology Grant (No. 1052nm05500)the Foundation for SMC Excellent Young Teacher in Shanghai Jiao Tong University
文摘Tree-shaped nickel nanocrystals with long main trunk and highly ordered branches were prepared via electrolytic method in ethylene glycol solution. The morphology and structures of nanotrees of crystalline nickel can be controlled by the processing of the surfactant(PVP) and electrolytic voltage. Magnetic property measurements at room temperature indicated that the as-prepared nanotrees of crystalline nickel possess higher saturation magnetism(MS) and coercivity(HC) than those of corresponding bulk nickel materials.
