Nanoscale hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks(NHP-MOFs)have received unprecedented attention in many fields owing to their integration of the strengths of nanoscale size(<1μm)and hierarchical porous st...Nanoscale hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks(NHP-MOFs)have received unprecedented attention in many fields owing to their integration of the strengths of nanoscale size(<1μm)and hierarchical porous structure(micro-,meso-and/or macro-pores)of MOFs.This review focuses on recent advances in the main synthetic strategies for NHP-MOFs based on different metal ions(e.g.,Cu,Fe,Co,Zn,Al,Zr,and Cr),including the template method,composite technology,post-synthetic modification,in situ growth and the grind method.In addition,the mechanisms of synthesis,regulation techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of various methods are discussed.Finally,the challenges and prospects of the commercialisation of promising NHP-MOFs are also presented.The purpose of this review is to provide a road map for future design and development of NHP-MOFs for practical application.展开更多
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms of heart failure(HF) are still poorly understood. Circular RNA(circRNA) has been discovered in the heart in increasing numbers of studies. The goal of this research is to learn more...BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms of heart failure(HF) are still poorly understood. Circular RNA(circRNA) has been discovered in the heart in increasing numbers of studies. The goal of this research is to learn more about the potential roles of circRNAs in HF.METHODS & RESULTS We used RNA sequencing data to identify the characteristics of circRNAs expressed in the heart and discovered that the majority of circRNAs screened were less than 2000 nt. Additionally, chromosomes One and Y had the most and least number of circRNAs, respectively. After excluding duplicate host genes and intergenic circRNAs, a total of 238 differentially expressed circRNAs(DECs) and 203 host genes were discovered. However, only four of the 203 host genes of DECs were examined in HF differentially expressed genes. Another study used Gene Oncology analysis of DECs host genes to elucidate the underlying pathogenesis of HF, and it found that binding and catalytic activity accounted for a large portion of DECs. Immune system, metabolism, and signal transduction pathways were significantly enriched. Furthermore, 1052 potentially regulated miRNAs from the top 40 DECs were collected to build a circRNA-mi RNA network, and it was discovered that 470 miRNAs can be regulated by multiple circRNAs, while others are regulated by a single circRNA. In addition, a comparison of the top 10m RNAs in HF and their targeted miRNAs revealed that DDX3Y and UTY were regulated by the most and least circRNA, respectively.CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated circRNAs have species and tissue specific expression patterns;while circRNA expression is independent on host genes, the same types of genes in DECs and DEGs worked in HF. Our findings would contribute to a better understanding of the critical roles of circRNAs and lay the groundwork for future studies of HF molecular functions.展开更多
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22008032,22108034,and 22102026)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019A1515110706)+2 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology(GC202111)the Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(A2021189)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2018ZC1458)。
文摘Nanoscale hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks(NHP-MOFs)have received unprecedented attention in many fields owing to their integration of the strengths of nanoscale size(<1μm)and hierarchical porous structure(micro-,meso-and/or macro-pores)of MOFs.This review focuses on recent advances in the main synthetic strategies for NHP-MOFs based on different metal ions(e.g.,Cu,Fe,Co,Zn,Al,Zr,and Cr),including the template method,composite technology,post-synthetic modification,in situ growth and the grind method.In addition,the mechanisms of synthesis,regulation techniques and the advantages and disadvantages of various methods are discussed.Finally,the challenges and prospects of the commercialisation of promising NHP-MOFs are also presented.The purpose of this review is to provide a road map for future design and development of NHP-MOFs for practical application.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81900245,81730009,81941002 and 81700256).
文摘BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms of heart failure(HF) are still poorly understood. Circular RNA(circRNA) has been discovered in the heart in increasing numbers of studies. The goal of this research is to learn more about the potential roles of circRNAs in HF.METHODS & RESULTS We used RNA sequencing data to identify the characteristics of circRNAs expressed in the heart and discovered that the majority of circRNAs screened were less than 2000 nt. Additionally, chromosomes One and Y had the most and least number of circRNAs, respectively. After excluding duplicate host genes and intergenic circRNAs, a total of 238 differentially expressed circRNAs(DECs) and 203 host genes were discovered. However, only four of the 203 host genes of DECs were examined in HF differentially expressed genes. Another study used Gene Oncology analysis of DECs host genes to elucidate the underlying pathogenesis of HF, and it found that binding and catalytic activity accounted for a large portion of DECs. Immune system, metabolism, and signal transduction pathways were significantly enriched. Furthermore, 1052 potentially regulated miRNAs from the top 40 DECs were collected to build a circRNA-mi RNA network, and it was discovered that 470 miRNAs can be regulated by multiple circRNAs, while others are regulated by a single circRNA. In addition, a comparison of the top 10m RNAs in HF and their targeted miRNAs revealed that DDX3Y and UTY were regulated by the most and least circRNA, respectively.CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated circRNAs have species and tissue specific expression patterns;while circRNA expression is independent on host genes, the same types of genes in DECs and DEGs worked in HF. Our findings would contribute to a better understanding of the critical roles of circRNAs and lay the groundwork for future studies of HF molecular functions.
