Nicotine,also known as nicotinic norephedrine,is one of the main alkaloids present in tobacco plants.In recent years,due to the increase in tobacco production and smoking population,the environmental and health issues...Nicotine,also known as nicotinic norephedrine,is one of the main alkaloids present in tobacco plants.In recent years,due to the increase in tobacco production and smoking population,the environmental and health issues caused by nicotine have become increasingly severe.Traditional methods have proven ineffective in efficiently degrading residual nicotine.To address this issue,scientists both domestically and internationally have turned to biodegradation methods to tackle the environmental and health problems caused by residual nicotine.In this study,an enrichment method was used to screen bacteria with nicotine-degrading capabilities from the soil of tobacco planting sites at the Tobacco Research Institute of Heilongjiang in Bin County,Harbin City.Through phenotypic observations and 16S rDNA identification,a bacterial strain identified as Pseudomonas hunanensis MGJ-2 was isolated,capable of utilizing nicotine as a carbon and nitrogen source for growth.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-1 analysis revealed that within 25 h,strain MGJ-2 could degrade nicotine 500 mg·L^(-1) with an efficiency exceeding 99.9%.Strain MGJ-2 was applied to tobacco,and after 15 days of incubation and fermentation,it degraded 10.57%of nicotine in tobacco.Overall,the discovery of strain MGJ-2 enriched the resources of nicotine-degrading strains.Its remarkable biodegradation performance held immense potential for future biodegradation of nicotine in tobacco.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA)ameliorates abnormal trigeminal neuralgia(TN)orofacial pain and anxiety-like behavior by altering synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.METHODS A mouse infra...OBJECTIVE To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA)ameliorates abnormal trigeminal neuralgia(TN)orofacial pain and anxiety-like behavior by altering synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.METHODS A mouse infraorbital nerve transection model(pTION)of neuropathic pain was established,and EA or sham EA was used to treat ipsilateral acu⁃puncture points(GV20-Baihui and ST7-Xia⁃guan).Golgi-Cox staining and transmission elec⁃tron microscopy(TEM)were administrated to observe the changes of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.RESULTS Stable and persistent orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behav⁃iors induced by pT-ION were related to changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity.Golgi stain⁃ings showed a decrease in the density of dendritic spines,especially mushroom-type dendritic spines,in hippocampal CA1 neurons of pT-ION mice.TEM results showed that the density of synapses,membrane thickness of the postsynaptic density,and length of the synaptic active zone were decreased,whereas the width of the synaptic cleft was increased in pTION mice.EA attenu⁃ated pT-ION-induced orofacial allodynia and anx⁃iety-like behaviors and effectively reversed the abnormal changes in dendritic spines and syn⁃apse of the hippocampal CA1 region.CONCLU⁃SION EA modulates synaptic plasticity of hippo⁃campal CA1 neurons,and reduces abnormal oro⁃facial pain and anxiety-like behavior,providing evidence for a TN treatment strategy.展开更多
基金Supported by the Research on Biofermentation Technology of Domestic Cigar Tobacco(202115010534-JS-178)(2021)。
文摘Nicotine,also known as nicotinic norephedrine,is one of the main alkaloids present in tobacco plants.In recent years,due to the increase in tobacco production and smoking population,the environmental and health issues caused by nicotine have become increasingly severe.Traditional methods have proven ineffective in efficiently degrading residual nicotine.To address this issue,scientists both domestically and internationally have turned to biodegradation methods to tackle the environmental and health problems caused by residual nicotine.In this study,an enrichment method was used to screen bacteria with nicotine-degrading capabilities from the soil of tobacco planting sites at the Tobacco Research Institute of Heilongjiang in Bin County,Harbin City.Through phenotypic observations and 16S rDNA identification,a bacterial strain identified as Pseudomonas hunanensis MGJ-2 was isolated,capable of utilizing nicotine as a carbon and nitrogen source for growth.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-1 analysis revealed that within 25 h,strain MGJ-2 could degrade nicotine 500 mg·L^(-1) with an efficiency exceeding 99.9%.Strain MGJ-2 was applied to tobacco,and after 15 days of incubation and fermentation,it degraded 10.57%of nicotine in tobacco.Overall,the discovery of strain MGJ-2 enriched the resources of nicotine-degrading strains.Its remarkable biodegradation performance held immense potential for future biodegradation of nicotine in tobacco.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82001190)Natural Sci⁃ence Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021LZY016)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020MH348)Science and Technology Foundation of Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine(2020Q035)。
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA)ameliorates abnormal trigeminal neuralgia(TN)orofacial pain and anxiety-like behavior by altering synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.METHODS A mouse infraorbital nerve transection model(pTION)of neuropathic pain was established,and EA or sham EA was used to treat ipsilateral acu⁃puncture points(GV20-Baihui and ST7-Xia⁃guan).Golgi-Cox staining and transmission elec⁃tron microscopy(TEM)were administrated to observe the changes of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.RESULTS Stable and persistent orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behav⁃iors induced by pT-ION were related to changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity.Golgi stain⁃ings showed a decrease in the density of dendritic spines,especially mushroom-type dendritic spines,in hippocampal CA1 neurons of pT-ION mice.TEM results showed that the density of synapses,membrane thickness of the postsynaptic density,and length of the synaptic active zone were decreased,whereas the width of the synaptic cleft was increased in pTION mice.EA attenu⁃ated pT-ION-induced orofacial allodynia and anx⁃iety-like behaviors and effectively reversed the abnormal changes in dendritic spines and syn⁃apse of the hippocampal CA1 region.CONCLU⁃SION EA modulates synaptic plasticity of hippo⁃campal CA1 neurons,and reduces abnormal oro⁃facial pain and anxiety-like behavior,providing evidence for a TN treatment strategy.
