The high-efficiency conversion of biomass resources to biofuels has attracted widespread attention, and the active sites and synergistic effect of catalysts significantly impact their surface arrangement and electroni...The high-efficiency conversion of biomass resources to biofuels has attracted widespread attention, and the active sites and synergistic effect of catalysts significantly impact their surface arrangement and electronic structure. Here, a nickel-based transition metal carbide catalyst(Ni/TMC) with high Lewis acidity was prepared by self-assembly of transition metal carbide(TMC) and nickel, which exhibited excellent performance on synergistic hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) into liquid biofuel 2,5-dimethylfuran(DMF).Notably, Ni/WC with the highest Lewis acidity(4728.3 μmol g^(-1)) can achieve 100% conversion of HMF to 97.6% yield of DMF, with a turnover frequency of up to 46.5 h^(-1). The characterization results demonstrate that the rich Lewis acid sites yielded by the synergistic effect between Ni species and TMC are beneficial for the C=O hydrogenation and C–O cleavage, thereby accelerating the process of hydrodeoxygenation(HDO). Besides, a kinetic model for the HDO of HMF to DMF process has been established based on the experimental results, which elucidated a significant correlation between the measured and the predicted data(R~2> 0.97). Corresponding to the adsorption configuration of Ni/WC and substrate determined by in-situ FTIR characterization, this study provides a novel insight into the selective conversion of HMF process for functional biofuel and bio-chemicals.展开更多
Converting carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF) is an attractive and promising route for value-added utilization of agricultural and forestry biomass resource. As an important platform compound, 5-HMF pos...Converting carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF) is an attractive and promising route for value-added utilization of agricultural and forestry biomass resource. As an important platform compound, 5-HMF possesses high active furan structure with hydroxymethyl and aldehyde group for production of various bio-chemicals and materials, meanwhile, which suffer from low stability and poor yield during the industrial biorefinery process. Hence, selective production of 5-HMF with high-yield and low-cost has attracted extensive attention from scientific and industrial researchers. This review sorted and described the latest advanced research on solvent and catalyst system, as well as energy field effect for production of 5-HMF with different feedstock in detail, emphatically discussing the solvent effect and its synergistic effect with other aspects. Besides, the future prospects and challenges for production of 5-HMF from carbohydrates were also presented, which provide a profound insight into industrial 5-HMF process with economic and environmental feature.展开更多
High-performance flexible pressure sensors provide comprehensive tactile perception and are applied in human activity monitoring,soft robotics,medical treatment,and human-computer interface.However,these flexible pres...High-performance flexible pressure sensors provide comprehensive tactile perception and are applied in human activity monitoring,soft robotics,medical treatment,and human-computer interface.However,these flexible pressure sensors require extensive nano-architectural design and complicated manufacturing and are timeconsuming.Herein,a highly sensitive,flexible piezoresistive tactile sensor is designed and fabricated,consisting of three main parts:the randomly distributed microstructure on T-ZnOw/PDMS film as a top substrate,multilayer Ti_(3)C_(2)-MXene film as an intermediate conductive filler,and the few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)-MXene nanosheetbased interdigital electrodes as the bottom substrate.The MXene-based piezoresistive sensor with randomly distributed microstructure exhibits a high sensitivity over a broad pressure range(less than 10 kPa for 175 kPa^(-1))and possesses an out-standing permanence of up to 5000 cycles.Moreover,a 16-pixel sensor array is designed,and its potential applications in visualizing pressure distribution and an example of tactile feedback are demonstrated.This fully sprayed MXene-based pressure sensor,with high sensitivity and excellent durability,can be widely used in,electronic skin,intelligent robots,and many other emerging technologies.展开更多
基金Fundamental Research Foundation of CAF (CAFYBB2022QB001)National Nature Science Foundation of China for Excellent Young Scientists Fund (32222058)。
文摘The high-efficiency conversion of biomass resources to biofuels has attracted widespread attention, and the active sites and synergistic effect of catalysts significantly impact their surface arrangement and electronic structure. Here, a nickel-based transition metal carbide catalyst(Ni/TMC) with high Lewis acidity was prepared by self-assembly of transition metal carbide(TMC) and nickel, which exhibited excellent performance on synergistic hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) into liquid biofuel 2,5-dimethylfuran(DMF).Notably, Ni/WC with the highest Lewis acidity(4728.3 μmol g^(-1)) can achieve 100% conversion of HMF to 97.6% yield of DMF, with a turnover frequency of up to 46.5 h^(-1). The characterization results demonstrate that the rich Lewis acid sites yielded by the synergistic effect between Ni species and TMC are beneficial for the C=O hydrogenation and C–O cleavage, thereby accelerating the process of hydrodeoxygenation(HDO). Besides, a kinetic model for the HDO of HMF to DMF process has been established based on the experimental results, which elucidated a significant correlation between the measured and the predicted data(R~2> 0.97). Corresponding to the adsorption configuration of Ni/WC and substrate determined by in-situ FTIR characterization, this study provides a novel insight into the selective conversion of HMF process for functional biofuel and bio-chemicals.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (32222058, 32001274)the Youth Talent Support Program for Science & Technology Innovation of National Forestry and Grassland (2019132603) for financial support。
文摘Converting carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF) is an attractive and promising route for value-added utilization of agricultural and forestry biomass resource. As an important platform compound, 5-HMF possesses high active furan structure with hydroxymethyl and aldehyde group for production of various bio-chemicals and materials, meanwhile, which suffer from low stability and poor yield during the industrial biorefinery process. Hence, selective production of 5-HMF with high-yield and low-cost has attracted extensive attention from scientific and industrial researchers. This review sorted and described the latest advanced research on solvent and catalyst system, as well as energy field effect for production of 5-HMF with different feedstock in detail, emphatically discussing the solvent effect and its synergistic effect with other aspects. Besides, the future prospects and challenges for production of 5-HMF from carbohydrates were also presented, which provide a profound insight into industrial 5-HMF process with economic and environmental feature.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(No.202102130501011)the Fund for Shanxi“1331 Project”Key Subject Construction(1331KSC)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFB2004800).
文摘High-performance flexible pressure sensors provide comprehensive tactile perception and are applied in human activity monitoring,soft robotics,medical treatment,and human-computer interface.However,these flexible pressure sensors require extensive nano-architectural design and complicated manufacturing and are timeconsuming.Herein,a highly sensitive,flexible piezoresistive tactile sensor is designed and fabricated,consisting of three main parts:the randomly distributed microstructure on T-ZnOw/PDMS film as a top substrate,multilayer Ti_(3)C_(2)-MXene film as an intermediate conductive filler,and the few-layer Ti_(3)C_(2)-MXene nanosheetbased interdigital electrodes as the bottom substrate.The MXene-based piezoresistive sensor with randomly distributed microstructure exhibits a high sensitivity over a broad pressure range(less than 10 kPa for 175 kPa^(-1))and possesses an out-standing permanence of up to 5000 cycles.Moreover,a 16-pixel sensor array is designed,and its potential applications in visualizing pressure distribution and an example of tactile feedback are demonstrated.This fully sprayed MXene-based pressure sensor,with high sensitivity and excellent durability,can be widely used in,electronic skin,intelligent robots,and many other emerging technologies.
