The situation of global warming imparts negative impacts on crop growth and development.Cotton is the most important fiber crop around the globe.However,frequent drought episodes pose serious threats to cotton product...The situation of global warming imparts negative impacts on crop growth and development.Cotton is the most important fiber crop around the globe.However,frequent drought episodes pose serious threats to cotton production worldwide.Due to the complex genetic structure of drought tolerance,the development of a tolerant cultivar is cumbersome via conventional breeding.Multiple omics techniques have appeared as successful tool for cotton improvement in drought tolerance.Advanced omics-based biotechniques have paved the way for generation of omics data like transcriptomics,genomics,metabolomics and proteomics,which greatly expand the knowledge of cotton response to drought stress.Omics methodologies and have provided ways for the identification of quantitative trait loci(QTLs),gene regulatory networks,and other regulatory pathways against drought stress in cotton.These resources could speed up the discovery and incorporation of drought tolerant traits in the elite genotypes.The genome wide association study(GWAS),gene-editing system CRISPER/Cas9,gene silencing through RNAi are efficient tools to explore the molecular mechanism of drought tolerance and facilitate the identification of mechanisms and candidate genes for the improvement of drought tolerance in cotton.展开更多
Cotton has enormous economic potential providing high-quality protein,oil,and fibre.A large increase in cotton output is necessary due to the world’s changing climate and constantly expanding human population.In the ...Cotton has enormous economic potential providing high-quality protein,oil,and fibre.A large increase in cotton output is necessary due to the world’s changing climate and constantly expanding human population.In the past,conventional breeding techniques were used to introduce genes into superior cotton cultivars to increase production and to improve quality.The disadvantages of traditional breeding techniques are their time-consuming,reliance on genetic differences that are already present,and considerable backcrossing.To accomplish goals in a short amount of time,contemporary plant breeding techniques,in particular modern genome editing technologies(GETs),can be used.Numerous crop improvement initiatives have made use of GETs,such as zinc-finger nucleases,transcription-activator-like effector nucleases,clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR),and CRISPR-associated proteins systems(CRISPR/Cas)-based technologies.The CRISPR/Cas system has a lot of potential because it combines three qualities that other GETs lack:simplicity,competence,and adaptability.The CRISPR/Cas mechanism can be used to improve cotton tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,alter gene expression,and stack genes for critical features with little possibility of segregation.The transgene clean strategy improves CRISPR acceptability addressing regulatory issues associated with the genetically modified organisms(GMOs).The research opportunities for using the CRISPR/Cas system to address biotic and abiotic stresses,fibre quality,plant architecture and blooming,epigenetic changes,and gene stacking for commercially significant traits are highlighted in this article.Furthermore,challenges to use of CRISPR technology in cotton and its potential for the future are covered in detail.展开更多
A single nucleotide polymorphism is the simplest form of genetic variation among individuals and can induce minor changes in phenotypic,physiological and biochemical characteristics.This polymorphism induces various m...A single nucleotide polymorphism is the simplest form of genetic variation among individuals and can induce minor changes in phenotypic,physiological and biochemical characteristics.This polymorphism induces various mutations that alter the sequence of a gene which can lead to observed changes in amino acids.Several assays have been developed for identification and validation of these markers.Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages but genotyping by sequencing is the most common and most widely used assay.These markers are also associated with several desirable traits like yield,fibre quality,boll size and genes respond to biotic and abiotic stresses in cotton.Changes in yield related traits are of interest to plant breeders.Numerous quantitative trait loci with novel functions have been identified in cotton by using these markers.This information can be used for crop improvement through molecular breeding approaches.In this review,we discuss the identification of these markers and their effects on gene function of economically important traits in cotton.展开更多
文摘The situation of global warming imparts negative impacts on crop growth and development.Cotton is the most important fiber crop around the globe.However,frequent drought episodes pose serious threats to cotton production worldwide.Due to the complex genetic structure of drought tolerance,the development of a tolerant cultivar is cumbersome via conventional breeding.Multiple omics techniques have appeared as successful tool for cotton improvement in drought tolerance.Advanced omics-based biotechniques have paved the way for generation of omics data like transcriptomics,genomics,metabolomics and proteomics,which greatly expand the knowledge of cotton response to drought stress.Omics methodologies and have provided ways for the identification of quantitative trait loci(QTLs),gene regulatory networks,and other regulatory pathways against drought stress in cotton.These resources could speed up the discovery and incorporation of drought tolerant traits in the elite genotypes.The genome wide association study(GWAS),gene-editing system CRISPER/Cas9,gene silencing through RNAi are efficient tools to explore the molecular mechanism of drought tolerance and facilitate the identification of mechanisms and candidate genes for the improvement of drought tolerance in cotton.
文摘Cotton has enormous economic potential providing high-quality protein,oil,and fibre.A large increase in cotton output is necessary due to the world’s changing climate and constantly expanding human population.In the past,conventional breeding techniques were used to introduce genes into superior cotton cultivars to increase production and to improve quality.The disadvantages of traditional breeding techniques are their time-consuming,reliance on genetic differences that are already present,and considerable backcrossing.To accomplish goals in a short amount of time,contemporary plant breeding techniques,in particular modern genome editing technologies(GETs),can be used.Numerous crop improvement initiatives have made use of GETs,such as zinc-finger nucleases,transcription-activator-like effector nucleases,clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR),and CRISPR-associated proteins systems(CRISPR/Cas)-based technologies.The CRISPR/Cas system has a lot of potential because it combines three qualities that other GETs lack:simplicity,competence,and adaptability.The CRISPR/Cas mechanism can be used to improve cotton tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,alter gene expression,and stack genes for critical features with little possibility of segregation.The transgene clean strategy improves CRISPR acceptability addressing regulatory issues associated with the genetically modified organisms(GMOs).The research opportunities for using the CRISPR/Cas system to address biotic and abiotic stresses,fibre quality,plant architecture and blooming,epigenetic changes,and gene stacking for commercially significant traits are highlighted in this article.Furthermore,challenges to use of CRISPR technology in cotton and its potential for the future are covered in detail.
文摘A single nucleotide polymorphism is the simplest form of genetic variation among individuals and can induce minor changes in phenotypic,physiological and biochemical characteristics.This polymorphism induces various mutations that alter the sequence of a gene which can lead to observed changes in amino acids.Several assays have been developed for identification and validation of these markers.Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages but genotyping by sequencing is the most common and most widely used assay.These markers are also associated with several desirable traits like yield,fibre quality,boll size and genes respond to biotic and abiotic stresses in cotton.Changes in yield related traits are of interest to plant breeders.Numerous quantitative trait loci with novel functions have been identified in cotton by using these markers.This information can be used for crop improvement through molecular breeding approaches.In this review,we discuss the identification of these markers and their effects on gene function of economically important traits in cotton.
