The activities of Chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in ‘Ya’ pear(%Pyrus bretschneideri% ’Yali’) fruit inoculated with Botryosphaeria berengriana f.sp. piricola and healthy pear fruit during growth and storage were me...The activities of Chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in ‘Ya’ pear(%Pyrus bretschneideri% ’Yali’) fruit inoculated with Botryosphaeria berengriana f.sp. piricola and healthy pear fruit during growth and storage were measured. The results showed that the activities of Chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase of the inoculated fruit were significantly higher than that of the healthy one and the activities of the rot section and the edge were higher than of healthy pulp, which suggested that the two enzymes were closely correlated to pear fruit resistance to Botryosphaeria berengriana infection. Two enzymes activities were lower at young stage of pear fruit, whereas chitinase activity was higher from 70 d to 130 d after blossom, and the activity peak of β-1,3-glucanase appeared on 130 d after blossom. Therefore, the two enzymes were closely related to pear fruit against ring rot disease at inflating stage. The activities of two enzymes all declined during storage, and in the same time the pear fruit resistance to ring rot disease reduced rapidly. In conclusion, the two enzymes activities of pear fruit may be correlated with the disease resistance during different periods.展开更多
随着云计算技术的发展与成熟,并行计算在云环境中得到了越来越多的实践。服务器无感知计算作为云计算中的一种新型的应用部署与计算方式,允许用户弹性分配资源并实现负载均衡,并提供了更强的可扩展性和更大的灵活性。然而,无状态的特性...随着云计算技术的发展与成熟,并行计算在云环境中得到了越来越多的实践。服务器无感知计算作为云计算中的一种新型的应用部署与计算方式,允许用户弹性分配资源并实现负载均衡,并提供了更强的可扩展性和更大的灵活性。然而,无状态的特性导致服务器无感知计算框架并不完全适用于传统并行计算,其中通信是一个关键问题。本文提出了一个具有服务质量(quality of service,QoS)保障的通信框架FreeParallel,旨在基于服务器无感知计算中的函数即服务(function as a service,FaaS)平台构建面向并行计算的通信能力。FreeParallel结合了消息传递接口(message passing interface,MPI)并行计算编程模型,有效地保证了通信服务的质量;并采用代理模型来支持并行函数的识别和转换,并以服务形式灵活部署在多个FaaS或虚拟化平台上。此外,本研究还提出了函数间通信流量的QoS管理策略fm Clock,在保证传输公平性的前提下,实现基于请求和限制的通信原语级网络资源分配。实验结果表明,点对点通信场景下FreeParallel与虚拟化平台的覆盖网络相比传输性能略有不足,但比当前服务器无感知计算状态共享方案的传输效率有至少89.5%的提升。并且FreeParallel在集合通信场景下表现极佳,比基线方法提升了59.9%~83.1%。同时,带有fm Clock策略的FreeParallel能够实现原语级按比例分配策略,避免了不同原语间请求的交叉干扰,案例表明,策略的加入降低了应用25.0%的完成时间。展开更多
文摘The activities of Chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase in ‘Ya’ pear(%Pyrus bretschneideri% ’Yali’) fruit inoculated with Botryosphaeria berengriana f.sp. piricola and healthy pear fruit during growth and storage were measured. The results showed that the activities of Chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase of the inoculated fruit were significantly higher than that of the healthy one and the activities of the rot section and the edge were higher than of healthy pulp, which suggested that the two enzymes were closely correlated to pear fruit resistance to Botryosphaeria berengriana infection. Two enzymes activities were lower at young stage of pear fruit, whereas chitinase activity was higher from 70 d to 130 d after blossom, and the activity peak of β-1,3-glucanase appeared on 130 d after blossom. Therefore, the two enzymes were closely related to pear fruit against ring rot disease at inflating stage. The activities of two enzymes all declined during storage, and in the same time the pear fruit resistance to ring rot disease reduced rapidly. In conclusion, the two enzymes activities of pear fruit may be correlated with the disease resistance during different periods.
文摘随着云计算技术的发展与成熟,并行计算在云环境中得到了越来越多的实践。服务器无感知计算作为云计算中的一种新型的应用部署与计算方式,允许用户弹性分配资源并实现负载均衡,并提供了更强的可扩展性和更大的灵活性。然而,无状态的特性导致服务器无感知计算框架并不完全适用于传统并行计算,其中通信是一个关键问题。本文提出了一个具有服务质量(quality of service,QoS)保障的通信框架FreeParallel,旨在基于服务器无感知计算中的函数即服务(function as a service,FaaS)平台构建面向并行计算的通信能力。FreeParallel结合了消息传递接口(message passing interface,MPI)并行计算编程模型,有效地保证了通信服务的质量;并采用代理模型来支持并行函数的识别和转换,并以服务形式灵活部署在多个FaaS或虚拟化平台上。此外,本研究还提出了函数间通信流量的QoS管理策略fm Clock,在保证传输公平性的前提下,实现基于请求和限制的通信原语级网络资源分配。实验结果表明,点对点通信场景下FreeParallel与虚拟化平台的覆盖网络相比传输性能略有不足,但比当前服务器无感知计算状态共享方案的传输效率有至少89.5%的提升。并且FreeParallel在集合通信场景下表现极佳,比基线方法提升了59.9%~83.1%。同时,带有fm Clock策略的FreeParallel能够实现原语级按比例分配策略,避免了不同原语间请求的交叉干扰,案例表明,策略的加入降低了应用25.0%的完成时间。
