目的:调查北京市社区医务人员精神卫生知识知晓度(Mental health literacy,MHL),为提高基层医务人员MHL提供依据。方法:选取北京市社区卫生服务中心非精神卫生防治医务人员(简称非精防)197名,工作年限(14.1±10.2)年。社区精神卫生...目的:调查北京市社区医务人员精神卫生知识知晓度(Mental health literacy,MHL),为提高基层医务人员MHL提供依据。方法:选取北京市社区卫生服务中心非精神卫生防治医务人员(简称非精防)197名,工作年限(14.1±10.2)年。社区精神卫生防治医务人员(简称精防)131名,从事精防工作年限(6.5±6.4)年。采用卫生部办公厅印发的精神卫生知识问卷和自编案例调查表进行调查。结果:两组精神卫生知识平均知晓率都>80%(87.6%,91.6%),第2(75.6%,88.6%)、6(74.1%,62.6%)、19(36.5%,65.6%)、20(74.1%,86.2%)条目有正确率<80%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在案例调查表中,非精防医务人员疾病识别处理能力平均正确率低于精防医务人员,差异有统计学意义(64.6%vs.75.9%,P<0.001),两组均是抑郁症正确率最低,总体之间有统计学意义(P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析提示工作年限与识别处理能力是负关联(OR=0.97,P<0.05),女性识别处理能力更强(OR=2.02,P<0.05),精防医务人员识别处理能力更强(OR=7.79,P<0.001)。结论:本研究提示,社区医务人员对于精神卫生知识知晓率已经达到国家规定的标准,但是部分知识点需要加强。社区医务人员对于常见精神疾病的识别处理能力需提高。展开更多
目的:考察个体和社会功能量表(Personal and Social Performancescale,PSP)中文版(PSP-CHN)在精神分裂症患者中的信度和效度。方法:收集165例符合DSM-IV-TR精神分裂症诊断标准的门诊或住院精神分裂症患者,10例患者用于研究者一致性培训,...目的:考察个体和社会功能量表(Personal and Social Performancescale,PSP)中文版(PSP-CHN)在精神分裂症患者中的信度和效度。方法:收集165例符合DSM-IV-TR精神分裂症诊断标准的门诊或住院精神分裂症患者,10例患者用于研究者一致性培训,155例进行大体社会功能量表(Global Assess-ment of Functioning Scale,GAF))、阳性和阴性症状量表(Positive and Negative SyndromeScale,PANSS)和PSP-CHN检查,分析PSP-CHN量表的内部一致性、PSP-CHN与GAF的一致性(效标效度)以及与患者疾病严重度的相关性(关联效度)。66例患者在首次PSP-CHN评估后的5～7天内,由另一名研究者对患者进行第2次检查,评价PSP-CHN的重测信度。27例PANSS总分≥60分的患者,接受系统药物治疗8周,评估8周后PANSS及PSP-CHN评分改变,以及二者的相关性。结果:PSP-CHN量表的内部一致性Cron-bachα系数为0.84,PSP-CHN总分的研究者之间一致性Kappa值为0.56(ICC=0.94),重测一致性ICC=0.95。PSP-CHN总分与GAF有较好的相关性(ICC=0.95),与PANSS总分及分量表分负相关(r=-0.79,-0.57,-0.63和-0.71,P<0.01)。治疗8周后,治疗有效患者(定义为PANSS与基线比较的减分率≥50%)PSP评分增加(平均增加21.2)明显高于部分有效的患者(定义为PANSS与基线比较的减分率<50%,PSP增加10.2分)。结论:个体和社会功能量表中文版是评估精神分裂症急性期和稳定期患者个人和社会功能的一个简洁、易操作、较稳定的工具,适用于临床实践或研究中使用。展开更多
目的:考察个体和社会功能量表中文版(Chinese version of the Personal and Social Performancescale,PSP-CHN)在抑郁障碍患者中的信度和效度。方法:收集74例符合《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》第四版(Diagnostic and Statistical Mannual ...目的:考察个体和社会功能量表中文版(Chinese version of the Personal and Social Performancescale,PSP-CHN)在抑郁障碍患者中的信度和效度。方法:收集74例符合《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》第四版(Diagnostic and Statistical Mannual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,test revision,DSM-IV-TR)抑郁障碍诊断标准的门诊或住院患者,其中6例参加了研究者之间一致性培训,68例(急性期42例,稳定期26例)进行了大体功能量表(Global Assessment of Functioning Scale,GAF))、Hamilton抑郁量表17项(Ham-ilton Depression Rating Scale17items,HAMD-17)和PSP-CHN检查,分析PSP-CHN量表评估抑郁障碍患者的内部一致性、PSP-CHN与GAF的一致性(效标效度)以及与患者疾病严重度的相关性(关联效度),32例患者在首次PSP-CHN评估后的5～7天内,由另一名研究者对其进行第2次检查,评价PSP-CHN在抑郁障碍患者中的重测信度。26例HAMD17评分>17分的患者,接受标准化治疗8周后,评估HAMD17评分和PSP-CHN的评分变化。结果:PSP-CHN量表的内部一致性Cronbachα系数为0.71,PSP-CHN总分的研究者之间一致性Kappa值为0.82(ICC=0.94),重测一致性ICC=0.90。PSP-CHN总分与GAF总分呈正相关(r=0.95,P<0.001),与HAMD-17总分负相关(r=-0.54),急性期和稳定期与PSP-CHN总分相关的抑郁因子不同。结论:个体和社会功能量表中文版可以评价抑郁症患者的个体和社会功能,但是总体信度低于在精神分裂症患者中的评估。展开更多
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder(DCD) are both childhood disorders identified in the DSM-Ⅳ.Studies investigating ADHD have found that around half of ADHD cases al...Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder(DCD) are both childhood disorders identified in the DSM-Ⅳ.Studies investigating ADHD have found that around half of ADHD cases also have motor problems severe enough to be diagnosed as DCD.Further,children initially diagnosed as DCD have also been found to meet moderate to severe diagnosis for ADHD.Both disorders have been linked to a lot of psychosocial problems.Furthermore,when ADHD and DCD are co-morbid,the outcome tends to be more severe than when either disorder occurs alone.In the past decade,many studies identified shown that ADHD children experienced difficulties with both fine motor movements and gross motor movements.Notably,most of these foregoing studies found balance functions of ADHD were impaired.In order to maintain balance under a verity of environmental conditions,sensory information from somatosensory,visual,and vestibular origins must be integrated by the central nervous system.But there are rich evidences suggesting that children with ADHD can not organize the motor information effectively.The maintenance and control of posture and balance,whether in static or dynamic conditions,are essential requirements for daily activity.The balance function has been closely associated not only with both gross motor movements,such as sitting,standing,walking and fine motor movements,but also with human behaviors.There are increasing evidences suggesting that balance deficit correlates with symptoms of ADHD.Therefore,motor coordination difficulties co-occurring with ADHD should be given emphasis in clinical practice;the training of balance may be one of the possible methods to improve the motor coordination function in ADHD children.展开更多
文摘目的:调查北京市社区医务人员精神卫生知识知晓度(Mental health literacy,MHL),为提高基层医务人员MHL提供依据。方法:选取北京市社区卫生服务中心非精神卫生防治医务人员(简称非精防)197名,工作年限(14.1±10.2)年。社区精神卫生防治医务人员(简称精防)131名,从事精防工作年限(6.5±6.4)年。采用卫生部办公厅印发的精神卫生知识问卷和自编案例调查表进行调查。结果:两组精神卫生知识平均知晓率都>80%(87.6%,91.6%),第2(75.6%,88.6%)、6(74.1%,62.6%)、19(36.5%,65.6%)、20(74.1%,86.2%)条目有正确率<80%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在案例调查表中,非精防医务人员疾病识别处理能力平均正确率低于精防医务人员,差异有统计学意义(64.6%vs.75.9%,P<0.001),两组均是抑郁症正确率最低,总体之间有统计学意义(P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析提示工作年限与识别处理能力是负关联(OR=0.97,P<0.05),女性识别处理能力更强(OR=2.02,P<0.05),精防医务人员识别处理能力更强(OR=7.79,P<0.001)。结论:本研究提示,社区医务人员对于精神卫生知识知晓率已经达到国家规定的标准,但是部分知识点需要加强。社区医务人员对于常见精神疾病的识别处理能力需提高。
文摘目的:考察个体和社会功能量表(Personal and Social Performancescale,PSP)中文版(PSP-CHN)在精神分裂症患者中的信度和效度。方法:收集165例符合DSM-IV-TR精神分裂症诊断标准的门诊或住院精神分裂症患者,10例患者用于研究者一致性培训,155例进行大体社会功能量表(Global Assess-ment of Functioning Scale,GAF))、阳性和阴性症状量表(Positive and Negative SyndromeScale,PANSS)和PSP-CHN检查,分析PSP-CHN量表的内部一致性、PSP-CHN与GAF的一致性(效标效度)以及与患者疾病严重度的相关性(关联效度)。66例患者在首次PSP-CHN评估后的5～7天内,由另一名研究者对患者进行第2次检查,评价PSP-CHN的重测信度。27例PANSS总分≥60分的患者,接受系统药物治疗8周,评估8周后PANSS及PSP-CHN评分改变,以及二者的相关性。结果:PSP-CHN量表的内部一致性Cron-bachα系数为0.84,PSP-CHN总分的研究者之间一致性Kappa值为0.56(ICC=0.94),重测一致性ICC=0.95。PSP-CHN总分与GAF有较好的相关性(ICC=0.95),与PANSS总分及分量表分负相关(r=-0.79,-0.57,-0.63和-0.71,P<0.01)。治疗8周后,治疗有效患者(定义为PANSS与基线比较的减分率≥50%)PSP评分增加(平均增加21.2)明显高于部分有效的患者(定义为PANSS与基线比较的减分率<50%,PSP增加10.2分)。结论:个体和社会功能量表中文版是评估精神分裂症急性期和稳定期患者个人和社会功能的一个简洁、易操作、较稳定的工具,适用于临床实践或研究中使用。
文摘目的:考察个体和社会功能量表中文版(Chinese version of the Personal and Social Performancescale,PSP-CHN)在抑郁障碍患者中的信度和效度。方法:收集74例符合《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》第四版(Diagnostic and Statistical Mannual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,test revision,DSM-IV-TR)抑郁障碍诊断标准的门诊或住院患者,其中6例参加了研究者之间一致性培训,68例(急性期42例,稳定期26例)进行了大体功能量表(Global Assessment of Functioning Scale,GAF))、Hamilton抑郁量表17项(Ham-ilton Depression Rating Scale17items,HAMD-17)和PSP-CHN检查,分析PSP-CHN量表评估抑郁障碍患者的内部一致性、PSP-CHN与GAF的一致性(效标效度)以及与患者疾病严重度的相关性(关联效度),32例患者在首次PSP-CHN评估后的5～7天内,由另一名研究者对其进行第2次检查,评价PSP-CHN在抑郁障碍患者中的重测信度。26例HAMD17评分>17分的患者,接受标准化治疗8周后,评估HAMD17评分和PSP-CHN的评分变化。结果:PSP-CHN量表的内部一致性Cronbachα系数为0.71,PSP-CHN总分的研究者之间一致性Kappa值为0.82(ICC=0.94),重测一致性ICC=0.90。PSP-CHN总分与GAF总分呈正相关(r=0.95,P<0.001),与HAMD-17总分负相关(r=-0.54),急性期和稳定期与PSP-CHN总分相关的抑郁因子不同。结论:个体和社会功能量表中文版可以评价抑郁症患者的个体和社会功能,但是总体信度低于在精神分裂症患者中的评估。
文摘Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and developmental coordination disorder(DCD) are both childhood disorders identified in the DSM-Ⅳ.Studies investigating ADHD have found that around half of ADHD cases also have motor problems severe enough to be diagnosed as DCD.Further,children initially diagnosed as DCD have also been found to meet moderate to severe diagnosis for ADHD.Both disorders have been linked to a lot of psychosocial problems.Furthermore,when ADHD and DCD are co-morbid,the outcome tends to be more severe than when either disorder occurs alone.In the past decade,many studies identified shown that ADHD children experienced difficulties with both fine motor movements and gross motor movements.Notably,most of these foregoing studies found balance functions of ADHD were impaired.In order to maintain balance under a verity of environmental conditions,sensory information from somatosensory,visual,and vestibular origins must be integrated by the central nervous system.But there are rich evidences suggesting that children with ADHD can not organize the motor information effectively.The maintenance and control of posture and balance,whether in static or dynamic conditions,are essential requirements for daily activity.The balance function has been closely associated not only with both gross motor movements,such as sitting,standing,walking and fine motor movements,but also with human behaviors.There are increasing evidences suggesting that balance deficit correlates with symptoms of ADHD.Therefore,motor coordination difficulties co-occurring with ADHD should be given emphasis in clinical practice;the training of balance may be one of the possible methods to improve the motor coordination function in ADHD children.
