Quantum battery exploits the principle of quantum mechanics to transport and store energy. We study the energy transportation of the central-spin quantum battery, which is composed of N_b spins serving as the battery ...Quantum battery exploits the principle of quantum mechanics to transport and store energy. We study the energy transportation of the central-spin quantum battery, which is composed of N_b spins serving as the battery cells, and surrounded by N_c spins serving as the charger cells. We apply the invariant subspace method to solve the dynamics of the central-spin battery with a large number of spins. We establish a universal inverse relationship between the battery capacity and the battery–charger entanglement, which persists in any size of the battery and charger cells. Moreover, we find that when N_b= N_c, the central-spin battery has the optimal energy transportation, corresponding to the minimal battery–charger entanglement. Surprisingly, the central-spin battery has a uniform energy transportation behaviors in certain battery–charger scales. Our results reveal a nonmonotonic relationship between the battery–charger size and the energy transportation efficiency, which may provide more insights on designing other types of quantum batteries.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 12275215,12305028,and 12247103)the Major Basic Research Program of the Natural Science of Shaanxi Province,China (Grant No. 2021JCW-19)Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Mathematics and Physics (Grant No. 22JSZ005)。
文摘Quantum battery exploits the principle of quantum mechanics to transport and store energy. We study the energy transportation of the central-spin quantum battery, which is composed of N_b spins serving as the battery cells, and surrounded by N_c spins serving as the charger cells. We apply the invariant subspace method to solve the dynamics of the central-spin battery with a large number of spins. We establish a universal inverse relationship between the battery capacity and the battery–charger entanglement, which persists in any size of the battery and charger cells. Moreover, we find that when N_b= N_c, the central-spin battery has the optimal energy transportation, corresponding to the minimal battery–charger entanglement. Surprisingly, the central-spin battery has a uniform energy transportation behaviors in certain battery–charger scales. Our results reveal a nonmonotonic relationship between the battery–charger size and the energy transportation efficiency, which may provide more insights on designing other types of quantum batteries.
