The generalized Einstein relation （GER） is extended to consider the potential energy of carriers in an electric field （PDGER）. It can be equivalently seen as the GER having position-dependent Fermi energy, and imp...The generalized Einstein relation （GER） is extended to consider the potential energy of carriers in an electric field （PDGER）. It can be equivalently seen as the GER having position-dependent Fermi energy, and implies the organic semiconductor is in non-equilibrium under an electric field. The distribution of the carrier density with position is solved for two polymer layers. The numerical results are used to evaluate the PDGER. It is shown that the ratio of diffusion coefficient to mobility,μ/D, increases with Fermi energy and decreases with carrier density. The PDGER gives non-traditional values for the two polymer layers; the value of μ/D is small near the surface, and slightly increases as the position departs from the surface.展开更多
为有效评估益阳地区中小规模猪场猪群的免疫水平,选择78个中小规模猪场(存栏母猪30~150头)抽取312份血清样品,使用ELISA方法检测口蹄疫(FMD)、猪瘟(CSF)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、猪圆环病毒相关疾病(PCVAD)、猪伪狂犬病(PR)等5种猪...为有效评估益阳地区中小规模猪场猪群的免疫水平,选择78个中小规模猪场(存栏母猪30~150头)抽取312份血清样品,使用ELISA方法检测口蹄疫(FMD)、猪瘟(CSF)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、猪圆环病毒相关疾病(PCVAD)、猪伪狂犬病(PR)等5种猪群主要病原的抗体。结果显示,猪群FMDV的抗体平均合格率为60.26%,PR R SV的抗体平均合格率为77.56%,CSFV的抗体平均合格率为83.33%,PRV的抗体平均合格率为69.87%,PCVADV的抗体平均合格率为95.51%;对该地区代表猪场的免疫抗体水平有了基本认识。展开更多
文摘The generalized Einstein relation （GER） is extended to consider the potential energy of carriers in an electric field （PDGER）. It can be equivalently seen as the GER having position-dependent Fermi energy, and implies the organic semiconductor is in non-equilibrium under an electric field. The distribution of the carrier density with position is solved for two polymer layers. The numerical results are used to evaluate the PDGER. It is shown that the ratio of diffusion coefficient to mobility,μ/D, increases with Fermi energy and decreases with carrier density. The PDGER gives non-traditional values for the two polymer layers; the value of μ/D is small near the surface, and slightly increases as the position departs from the surface.
文摘为有效评估益阳地区中小规模猪场猪群的免疫水平,选择78个中小规模猪场(存栏母猪30~150头)抽取312份血清样品,使用ELISA方法检测口蹄疫(FMD)、猪瘟(CSF)、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、猪圆环病毒相关疾病(PCVAD)、猪伪狂犬病(PR)等5种猪群主要病原的抗体。结果显示,猪群FMDV的抗体平均合格率为60.26%,PR R SV的抗体平均合格率为77.56%,CSFV的抗体平均合格率为83.33%,PRV的抗体平均合格率为69.87%,PCVADV的抗体平均合格率为95.51%;对该地区代表猪场的免疫抗体水平有了基本认识。
