Since Henry Holec first put forward the term‘Autonomy'in 1980's, autonomous learning has been drawing the universal attention of scholars both at home and abroad. Promoting learners' ability of self-regul...Since Henry Holec first put forward the term‘Autonomy'in 1980's, autonomous learning has been drawing the universal attention of scholars both at home and abroad. Promoting learners' ability of self-regulated learning has been taken as one of the important goals of modern education. College English autonomous learning based on network environment does not mean free study without any restraints or monitoring, but rather involves the self-monitoring and external monitoring. Meanwhile, different learners may have different cognitive styles in their learning processes, which may have an influence on the improvement of the learners' efficiency in the autonomous language learning. Proper monitoring models coordinating with the students' different field cognitive styles.展开更多
The thesis introduces a comparative study of students'autonomous listening practice in a web-based autonomous learning center and the traditional teacher-dominated listening practice in a traditional language lab....The thesis introduces a comparative study of students'autonomous listening practice in a web-based autonomous learning center and the traditional teacher-dominated listening practice in a traditional language lab.The purpose of the study is to find how students'listening strategies differ in these two approaches and thereby to find which one better facilitates students'listening proficiency.展开更多
The paper is a literature review, aiming to examine the effectiveness of web-based college English learning which mainly focuses on learners' autonomous learning. Previous studies indicate that the web-based learn...The paper is a literature review, aiming to examine the effectiveness of web-based college English learning which mainly focuses on learners' autonomous learning. Previous studies indicate that the web-based learning can improve learners' autonomous learning, as well as some problems found in their findings. Therefore, this paper first gives a summary and critique of research studies on the web-based autonomous learning and some factors influencing learners' autonomous learning ability;then, areas that deserve further study are also indicated.展开更多
Based on the literature review about autonomous learning,the study put forward four steps for using TED to enhance student autonomous learning,which are preparation,activity design,presentation and evaluation. By doin...Based on the literature review about autonomous learning,the study put forward four steps for using TED to enhance student autonomous learning,which are preparation,activity design,presentation and evaluation. By doing so,both teachers and students can achieve their teaching and learning objectives.展开更多
Nowadays, English as a world language becomes more and more important. Consequently, English learning becomes more and more popular. As we know, an important object for English learners is to improve their communicati...Nowadays, English as a world language becomes more and more important. Consequently, English learning becomes more and more popular. As we know, an important object for English learners is to improve their communicative competence. So autonomous learning is a good way to improve communicative competence. In this paper, two terms, autonomous learning and communicative competence, and their relationship will be introduced from the perspective of English learning. Autonomous learning is self-managed learning, which is contrary to passive learning and mechanical learning, according to intrinsic property of language learning. Communicative competence is a concept introduced by Dell Hymes and is discussed and refined by many other linguists. According to Hymes, communicative competence is the ability not only to apply the grammatical rules of language in order to form grammatically correct sentences but also to know when and where to use these sentences and to whom. Communicative competence includes 4 aspects: Possibility, feasibility, appropriateness and performance. Improving communicative competence is the result of autonomous learning, autonomous learning is the motivation of improving communicative competence. English, of course, is a bridge connecting China to the world, and fostering students'communicative competence through autonomous learning is the vital element of improving English learning in China.展开更多
Autonomous study emphasizes the learner's initiative,enthusiasm and creativity.In all fields of education,there is growing emphasis on "learner-centered" teaching methods and the ability of learner auton...Autonomous study emphasizes the learner's initiative,enthusiasm and creativity.In all fields of education,there is growing emphasis on "learner-centered" teaching methods and the ability of learner autonomy.Many experts and scholars have found that learning strategies plays an important role in English language learning,but the importance of affective strategy use in English learning is often ignored by people.Therefore,this paper focuses on the frequencies of affective strategies use in English learning and their relationships so as to enable college students to use positive affective strategies effectively to improve their autonomous learning ability.展开更多
Learner Autonomy has been a hot topic in foreign language learning and teaching since 1960s,especially in relation to life-long skills.As the globalization develops,intercultural communication becomes more and more si...Learner Autonomy has been a hot topic in foreign language learning and teaching since 1960s,especially in relation to life-long skills.As the globalization develops,intercultural communication becomes more and more significant for college students.This essay attempts to explore main approaches to cultivate and improve students' autonomous learning ability and intercultural communication competence in foreign language teaching.展开更多
Obstacle avoidance becomes a very challenging task for an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)in an unknown underwater environment during exploration process.Successful control in such case may be achieved using the mod...Obstacle avoidance becomes a very challenging task for an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)in an unknown underwater environment during exploration process.Successful control in such case may be achieved using the model-based classical control techniques like PID and MPC but it required an accurate mathematical model of AUV and may fail due to parametric uncertainties,disturbance,or plant model mismatch.On the other hand,model-free reinforcement learning(RL)algorithm can be designed using actual behavior of AUV plant in an unknown environment and the learned control may not get affected by model uncertainties like a classical control approach.Unlike model-based control model-free RL based controller does not require to manually tune controller with the changing environment.A standard RL based one-step Q-learning based control can be utilized for obstacle avoidance but it has tendency to explore all possible actions at given state which may increase number of collision.Hence a modified Q-learning based control approach is proposed to deal with these problems in unknown environment.Furthermore,function approximation is utilized using neural network(NN)to overcome the continuous states and large statespace problems which arise in RL-based controller design.The proposed modified Q-learning algorithm is validated using MATLAB simulations by comparing it with standard Q-learning algorithm for single obstacle avoidance.Also,the same algorithm is utilized to deal with multiple obstacle avoidance problems.展开更多
The self-access learning center emphasizes the principle and significance of student-centeredness rather than teacher-centeredness,which is the focus of the reform of college English in the independent college.To impl...The self-access learning center emphasizes the principle and significance of student-centeredness rather than teacher-centeredness,which is the focus of the reform of college English in the independent college.To implement belief training program and assist students to grow into proper autonomous learners is the suggestion given when students lack beliefs and motivations.展开更多
College English is a compulsory course for all registered online learners in Jiangsu Open University and students have been practicing web-based learning instead of face-to-face classes ever since 2014.Questionnaires ...College English is a compulsory course for all registered online learners in Jiangsu Open University and students have been practicing web-based learning instead of face-to-face classes ever since 2014.Questionnaires and interviews are adopted to look into the 4-year-long practice of web-based learning in College English in JSOU.By analyzing the data obtained from both teachers and students,the findings show:(1)web-based learning caters to online learners in that the online learning materials,particularly micro-lessons,are well-designed and easily accessible.(2)web-based learning helps teachers monitor the learning process of online learners and therefore assures the quality of online learning.(3)web-based learning enhances effective learning since students and teachers can communicate conveniently and instantly via online chat rooms and instant messaging software.展开更多
With the popularity of modern education, the future textbook is doomed to be electronic materials.Based on the definition and ENTM in autonomus learning,the author conducts an experiment to testify that it can surely ...With the popularity of modern education, the future textbook is doomed to be electronic materials.Based on the definition and ENTM in autonomus learning,the author conducts an experiment to testify that it can surely promote learners'autonomous learning and learning effect.展开更多
This paper aims to resesrch on the autonmons tearning so as to improve the college students’English learning.First ofall,it introdues some basic concepts of the autonomous learning theory,Secondly,it analyzes the cur...This paper aims to resesrch on the autonmons tearning so as to improve the college students’English learning.First ofall,it introdues some basic concepts of the autonomous learning theory,Secondly,it analyzes the current situation of college Eng-lish students’listening and speaking.In this passage the anthor hopes that it is helpful to improve college students’listening andspeaking level by their autonomous learning.It is helpful to improve their listening and speaking ability.As a result,it is helpful todevelop college students’English comprehensive application ability.展开更多
By using 162 third-year science students from the Independent College in Shandong University of Science and Tech nology,this paper investigated the relationship between their metacognitive ability and their CET4 score...By using 162 third-year science students from the Independent College in Shandong University of Science and Tech nology,this paper investigated the relationship between their metacognitive ability and their CET4 score.The results indicated that their metacognitive ability,and the three subcategories have positive significant correlations with the students'CET4 score.展开更多
This thesis makes a hypothesis there exist gender differences in autonomous learning after make a review of related researches in and abroad.The writer uses questionnaire to make an investigation of students in Rizhao...This thesis makes a hypothesis there exist gender differences in autonomous learning after make a review of related researches in and abroad.The writer uses questionnaire to make an investigation of students in Rizhao Economics and Trade School.The research re sults show that males and females do have differences in setting up self-learning objectives,making learning plans,state of learning,taking notes in class,participating in class discussions and so on.At last,the writer points out the limitations of this research and give suggestions for future research.展开更多
Recently it is a focus to orientate students towards effective autonomous learning within the field of foreign language education at home and abroad. It aims to prove the effectiveness of autonomous learning training ...Recently it is a focus to orientate students towards effective autonomous learning within the field of foreign language education at home and abroad. It aims to prove the effectiveness of autonomous learning training in stimulating students' awareness of autonomous learning and improving the application of learning strategies, so as to promote their listening proficiency.Along with a training, a questionnaire, listening proficiency tests, through analyzing the data collected from the questionnaires and the tests, it reveals the experimental class' s listening proficiency is apparently better than that of the control class. 80% students with different listening levels from the experimental class achieve progress to some degree. Autonomous learning training enables students to promote their listening proficiency as well as the awareness of autonomous learning.展开更多
Cooperative learning and learner autonomy have become heated topics in English teaching.Many researchers both at home and abroad have carried out the study on this field,and they proved that learner autonomy and coope...Cooperative learning and learner autonomy have become heated topics in English teaching.Many researchers both at home and abroad have carried out the study on this field,and they proved that learner autonomy and cooperative learning are rel evant,cooperative learning can promote English majors’learning autonomy in terms of listening,reading,speaking,however,no obvious findings in vocabulary and writing.This study is conducted to prove the feasibilities and effectiveness of cooperative learning applied to foster first-year non-English majors’learning autonomy from the aspect of vocabulary and structure.The re sults of this study showed that cooperative learning was much more effective than traditional teaching approaches in fostering some positive affective factors.According to this research,cooperative learning can also improve learners’vocabulary and struc ture significantly.展开更多
With the popularity of Computer Assisted Language Learning(CALL),autonomous language learning centers have been established in the universities throughout the country.However,there are many problems exist in the pract...With the popularity of Computer Assisted Language Learning(CALL),autonomous language learning centers have been established in the universities throughout the country.However,there are many problems exist in the practice of the autonomous language learning center.This essay tries to discuss the problems and its countermeasures with an aim of improving College English learning and teaching by the example of autonomous language learning center in Nanyang Institute of Technology.展开更多
In the Networking age,the monitoring from teachers and classmates over one's English autonomous learning is weakened.The relevance among learning resources can't be measured,and the learning efficiency can'...In the Networking age,the monitoring from teachers and classmates over one's English autonomous learning is weakened.The relevance among learning resources can't be measured,and the learning efficiency can't be ensured,either.In order to solve the problems,a monitoring mode over English autonomous learning process is constructed,which involves the application of the internal and external monitoring strategies.展开更多
For a long time, due to the influence of many factors, College English Teaching in China's colleges and universities has attached to much importance to knowledge imparting, ignoring the cultivation of students'...For a long time, due to the influence of many factors, College English Teaching in China's colleges and universities has attached to much importance to knowledge imparting, ignoring the cultivation of students' autonomous learning ability, the teaching effect is unsatisfactory, which is particularly prominent in remote minority areas. This paper analyzes the problems faced by College English Teaching in ethnic minority areas, arguing that it is imperative to cultivate autonomous learning ability of College English in ethnic minority areas. The strategies of cultivating students' autonomous learning ability are discussed in this paper and some suggestions on the scope of application of these strategies are put forward.展开更多
Original thesis-reading capability is of great importance to English major post-graduates' research ability. This paper focuses on the influence of after-class thesis reading on postgraduates' reading and writ...Original thesis-reading capability is of great importance to English major post-graduates' research ability. This paper focuses on the influence of after-class thesis reading on postgraduates' reading and writing ability. By means of both doing an interview and making field-notes, data analysis provides convincing evidences to illustrate research questions. The interview covers the selection of reading materials, strategies of coping with new expressions and reading habits, which are key factors in influence of postgraduates' reading efficiency and in turn will influence their reading and writing capability. The result is helpful for English major postgraduates to cultivate their autonomous learning capability and improve their thesis- reading efficiency,thus developing their research ability.展开更多
文摘Since Henry Holec first put forward the term‘Autonomy'in 1980's, autonomous learning has been drawing the universal attention of scholars both at home and abroad. Promoting learners' ability of self-regulated learning has been taken as one of the important goals of modern education. College English autonomous learning based on network environment does not mean free study without any restraints or monitoring, but rather involves the self-monitoring and external monitoring. Meanwhile, different learners may have different cognitive styles in their learning processes, which may have an influence on the improvement of the learners' efficiency in the autonomous language learning. Proper monitoring models coordinating with the students' different field cognitive styles.
文摘The thesis introduces a comparative study of students'autonomous listening practice in a web-based autonomous learning center and the traditional teacher-dominated listening practice in a traditional language lab.The purpose of the study is to find how students'listening strategies differ in these two approaches and thereby to find which one better facilitates students'listening proficiency.
文摘The paper is a literature review, aiming to examine the effectiveness of web-based college English learning which mainly focuses on learners' autonomous learning. Previous studies indicate that the web-based learning can improve learners' autonomous learning, as well as some problems found in their findings. Therefore, this paper first gives a summary and critique of research studies on the web-based autonomous learning and some factors influencing learners' autonomous learning ability;then, areas that deserve further study are also indicated.
文摘Based on the literature review about autonomous learning,the study put forward four steps for using TED to enhance student autonomous learning,which are preparation,activity design,presentation and evaluation. By doing so,both teachers and students can achieve their teaching and learning objectives.
文摘Nowadays, English as a world language becomes more and more important. Consequently, English learning becomes more and more popular. As we know, an important object for English learners is to improve their communicative competence. So autonomous learning is a good way to improve communicative competence. In this paper, two terms, autonomous learning and communicative competence, and their relationship will be introduced from the perspective of English learning. Autonomous learning is self-managed learning, which is contrary to passive learning and mechanical learning, according to intrinsic property of language learning. Communicative competence is a concept introduced by Dell Hymes and is discussed and refined by many other linguists. According to Hymes, communicative competence is the ability not only to apply the grammatical rules of language in order to form grammatically correct sentences but also to know when and where to use these sentences and to whom. Communicative competence includes 4 aspects: Possibility, feasibility, appropriateness and performance. Improving communicative competence is the result of autonomous learning, autonomous learning is the motivation of improving communicative competence. English, of course, is a bridge connecting China to the world, and fostering students'communicative competence through autonomous learning is the vital element of improving English learning in China.
文摘Autonomous study emphasizes the learner's initiative,enthusiasm and creativity.In all fields of education,there is growing emphasis on "learner-centered" teaching methods and the ability of learner autonomy.Many experts and scholars have found that learning strategies plays an important role in English language learning,but the importance of affective strategy use in English learning is often ignored by people.Therefore,this paper focuses on the frequencies of affective strategies use in English learning and their relationships so as to enable college students to use positive affective strategies effectively to improve their autonomous learning ability.
文摘Learner Autonomy has been a hot topic in foreign language learning and teaching since 1960s,especially in relation to life-long skills.As the globalization develops,intercultural communication becomes more and more significant for college students.This essay attempts to explore main approaches to cultivate and improve students' autonomous learning ability and intercultural communication competence in foreign language teaching.
基金the support of Centre of Excellence (CoE) in Complex and Nonlinear dynamical system (CNDS), through TEQIP-II, VJTI, Mumbai, India
文摘Obstacle avoidance becomes a very challenging task for an autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)in an unknown underwater environment during exploration process.Successful control in such case may be achieved using the model-based classical control techniques like PID and MPC but it required an accurate mathematical model of AUV and may fail due to parametric uncertainties,disturbance,or plant model mismatch.On the other hand,model-free reinforcement learning(RL)algorithm can be designed using actual behavior of AUV plant in an unknown environment and the learned control may not get affected by model uncertainties like a classical control approach.Unlike model-based control model-free RL based controller does not require to manually tune controller with the changing environment.A standard RL based one-step Q-learning based control can be utilized for obstacle avoidance but it has tendency to explore all possible actions at given state which may increase number of collision.Hence a modified Q-learning based control approach is proposed to deal with these problems in unknown environment.Furthermore,function approximation is utilized using neural network(NN)to overcome the continuous states and large statespace problems which arise in RL-based controller design.The proposed modified Q-learning algorithm is validated using MATLAB simulations by comparing it with standard Q-learning algorithm for single obstacle avoidance.Also,the same algorithm is utilized to deal with multiple obstacle avoidance problems.
文摘The self-access learning center emphasizes the principle and significance of student-centeredness rather than teacher-centeredness,which is the focus of the reform of college English in the independent college.To implement belief training program and assist students to grow into proper autonomous learners is the suggestion given when students lack beliefs and motivations.
文摘College English is a compulsory course for all registered online learners in Jiangsu Open University and students have been practicing web-based learning instead of face-to-face classes ever since 2014.Questionnaires and interviews are adopted to look into the 4-year-long practice of web-based learning in College English in JSOU.By analyzing the data obtained from both teachers and students,the findings show:(1)web-based learning caters to online learners in that the online learning materials,particularly micro-lessons,are well-designed and easily accessible.(2)web-based learning helps teachers monitor the learning process of online learners and therefore assures the quality of online learning.(3)web-based learning enhances effective learning since students and teachers can communicate conveniently and instantly via online chat rooms and instant messaging software.
文摘With the popularity of modern education, the future textbook is doomed to be electronic materials.Based on the definition and ENTM in autonomus learning,the author conducts an experiment to testify that it can surely promote learners'autonomous learning and learning effect.
文摘This paper aims to resesrch on the autonmons tearning so as to improve the college students’English learning.First ofall,it introdues some basic concepts of the autonomous learning theory,Secondly,it analyzes the current situation of college Eng-lish students’listening and speaking.In this passage the anthor hopes that it is helpful to improve college students’listening andspeaking level by their autonomous learning.It is helpful to improve their listening and speaking ability.As a result,it is helpful todevelop college students’English comprehensive application ability.
文摘By using 162 third-year science students from the Independent College in Shandong University of Science and Tech nology,this paper investigated the relationship between their metacognitive ability and their CET4 score.The results indicated that their metacognitive ability,and the three subcategories have positive significant correlations with the students'CET4 score.
文摘This thesis makes a hypothesis there exist gender differences in autonomous learning after make a review of related researches in and abroad.The writer uses questionnaire to make an investigation of students in Rizhao Economics and Trade School.The research re sults show that males and females do have differences in setting up self-learning objectives,making learning plans,state of learning,taking notes in class,participating in class discussions and so on.At last,the writer points out the limitations of this research and give suggestions for future research.
文摘Recently it is a focus to orientate students towards effective autonomous learning within the field of foreign language education at home and abroad. It aims to prove the effectiveness of autonomous learning training in stimulating students' awareness of autonomous learning and improving the application of learning strategies, so as to promote their listening proficiency.Along with a training, a questionnaire, listening proficiency tests, through analyzing the data collected from the questionnaires and the tests, it reveals the experimental class' s listening proficiency is apparently better than that of the control class. 80% students with different listening levels from the experimental class achieve progress to some degree. Autonomous learning training enables students to promote their listening proficiency as well as the awareness of autonomous learning.
文摘Cooperative learning and learner autonomy have become heated topics in English teaching.Many researchers both at home and abroad have carried out the study on this field,and they proved that learner autonomy and cooperative learning are rel evant,cooperative learning can promote English majors’learning autonomy in terms of listening,reading,speaking,however,no obvious findings in vocabulary and writing.This study is conducted to prove the feasibilities and effectiveness of cooperative learning applied to foster first-year non-English majors’learning autonomy from the aspect of vocabulary and structure.The re sults of this study showed that cooperative learning was much more effective than traditional teaching approaches in fostering some positive affective factors.According to this research,cooperative learning can also improve learners’vocabulary and struc ture significantly.
文摘With the popularity of Computer Assisted Language Learning(CALL),autonomous language learning centers have been established in the universities throughout the country.However,there are many problems exist in the practice of the autonomous language learning center.This essay tries to discuss the problems and its countermeasures with an aim of improving College English learning and teaching by the example of autonomous language learning center in Nanyang Institute of Technology.
文摘In the Networking age,the monitoring from teachers and classmates over one's English autonomous learning is weakened.The relevance among learning resources can't be measured,and the learning efficiency can't be ensured,either.In order to solve the problems,a monitoring mode over English autonomous learning process is constructed,which involves the application of the internal and external monitoring strategies.
文摘For a long time, due to the influence of many factors, College English Teaching in China's colleges and universities has attached to much importance to knowledge imparting, ignoring the cultivation of students' autonomous learning ability, the teaching effect is unsatisfactory, which is particularly prominent in remote minority areas. This paper analyzes the problems faced by College English Teaching in ethnic minority areas, arguing that it is imperative to cultivate autonomous learning ability of College English in ethnic minority areas. The strategies of cultivating students' autonomous learning ability are discussed in this paper and some suggestions on the scope of application of these strategies are put forward.
文摘Original thesis-reading capability is of great importance to English major post-graduates' research ability. This paper focuses on the influence of after-class thesis reading on postgraduates' reading and writing ability. By means of both doing an interview and making field-notes, data analysis provides convincing evidences to illustrate research questions. The interview covers the selection of reading materials, strategies of coping with new expressions and reading habits, which are key factors in influence of postgraduates' reading efficiency and in turn will influence their reading and writing capability. The result is helpful for English major postgraduates to cultivate their autonomous learning capability and improve their thesis- reading efficiency,thus developing their research ability.
