Background The association between inflammation and major depressive disorder(MDD)remains poorly understood,given the heterogeneity of patients with MDD.Aims We investigated inflammatory markers,such as interleukin(IL...Background The association between inflammation and major depressive disorder(MDD)remains poorly understood,given the heterogeneity of patients with MDD.Aims We investigated inflammatory markers,such as interleukin(IL)-6,high-sensitivity C reactive protein(hsCRP)and tumour necrosis factor-α.(TNF-α)in melancholic,atypical and anxious depression and explored whether baseline inflammatory protein levels could indicate prognosis.Methods The sample consisted of participants(aged 18-55 years)from a previously reported multicentre randomised controlled trial with a parallel-group design registered with ClinicalTrials.gov,including melancholic(n=44),atypical(n=37)and anxious(n=44)patients with depression and healthy controls(HCs)(n=33).Subtypes of MDD were classified according to the 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology,Self-Rated Version and the.17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.Blood levels.of TNF-α,IL-6 and hsCRP were assessed using antibody array analysis.Results Patients with MDD,classified according to melancholic,atypical and anxious depression subtypes,and HCs did not differ significantly in baseline TNF-α,IL-6 and hsCRP levels after adjustment.In patients with anxious depression,hsCRP levels increased significantly if they experienced no pain(adjusted(adj.)p=0.010)or mild to moderate pain(adj.p=0.038)compared with those with severe pain.However,the patients with anxious depression and severe pain showed a lower trend in hsCRP levels than patients with atypical depression who experienced severe pain(p=0.022;adj.p=0.155).Baseline TNF-α(adj.p=0.038)and IL-6(adj.p=0.006)levels in patients in remission were significantly lower than those in patients with no remission among the participants with the atypical depression subtype at the eighth-week follow-up.Conclusions This study provides evidence of differences in inflammatory proteins in patients with varied symptoms among melancholic,atypical and anxious depression subtypes.Further studies on the immunoinflammatory mechanism underlying different subtypes of depression are expected for improved individualised therapy.展开更多
The lunar surface and its deep layers contain abundant resources and valuable information resources,the exploration and exploitation of which are important for the sustainable development of the human economy and soci...The lunar surface and its deep layers contain abundant resources and valuable information resources,the exploration and exploitation of which are important for the sustainable development of the human economy and society.Technological exploration and research in the field of deep space science,especially lunar-based exploration,is a scientific strategy that has been pursued in China and worldwide.Drilling and sampling are key to accurate exploration of the desirable characteristics of deep lunar resources.In this study,an in-situ condition preserved coring(ICP-Coring)and analysis system,which can be used to test drilling tools and develop effective sampling strategies,was designed.The key features of the system include:(1)capability to replicate the extreme temperature fluctuations of the lunar environment(-185 to 200℃)with intelligent temperature control;(2)ability to maintain a vacuum environment at a scale of 10^(-3) Pa,both under unloaded conditions within Ф580 mm×1000 mm test chamber,and under loaded conditions using Ф400 mm×800 mm lunar rock simulant;(3)application of axial pressures up to 4 MPa and confining pressures up to 3.5 MPa;(4)sample rotation at any angle with a maximum sampling length of 800 mm;and(5)multiple modes of rotary-percussive drilling,controlled by penetration speed and weight on bit(WOB).Experimental studies on the drilling characteristics in the lunar rock simulant-loaded state under different drill bit-percussive-vacuum environment configurations were conducted.The results show that the outgassing rate of the lunar soil simulant is greater than that of the lunar rock simulant and that a low-temperature environment contributes to a reduced vacuum of the lunar-based simulated environment.The rotary-percussive drilling method effectively shortens the sampling time.With increasing sampling depth,the temperature rise of the drilling tools tends to rapidly increase,followed by slow growth or steady fluctuations.The temperature rise energy accumulation of the drill bits under vacuum is more significant than that under atmospheric pressure,approximately 1.47 times higher.The real-time monitored drilling pressure,penetration speed and rotary torque during drilling serve as parameters for discriminating the drilling status.The results of this research can provide a scientific basis for returning samples from lunar rock in extreme lunar-based environments.展开更多
The Q_(K)(p)-Teichmüller space is introduced and studied in this paper.Various characterizations of the Q_(K)(p)-Teichmüller space and the Q_(K,0)(p)-Teichmüller space are given.Their Schwarzian derivat...The Q_(K)(p)-Teichmüller space is introduced and studied in this paper.Various characterizations of the Q_(K)(p)-Teichmüller space and the Q_(K,0)(p)-Teichmüller space are given.Their Schwarzian derivative model and pre-logarithmic derivative model are also discussed.展开更多
Water-based aerosol is widely used as an effective strategy in electro-optical countermeasure on the battlefield used to the preponderance of high efficiency,low cost and eco-friendly.Unfortunately,the stability of th...Water-based aerosol is widely used as an effective strategy in electro-optical countermeasure on the battlefield used to the preponderance of high efficiency,low cost and eco-friendly.Unfortunately,the stability of the water-based aerosol is always unsatisfactory due to the rapid evaporation and sedimentation of the aerosol droplets.Great efforts have been devoted to improve the stability of water-based aerosol by using additives with different composition and proportion.However,the lack of the criterion and principle for screening the effective additives results in excessive experimental time consumption and cost.And the stabilization time of the aerosol is still only 30 min,which could not meet the requirements of the perdurable interference.Herein,to improve the stability of water-based aerosol and optimize the complex formulation efficiently,a theoretical calculation method based on thermodynamic entropy theory is proposed.All the factors that influence the shielding effect,including polyol,stabilizer,propellant,water and cosolvent,are considered within calculation.An ultra-stable water-based aerosol with long duration over 120 min is obtained with the optimal fogging agent composition,providing enough time for fighting the electro-optic weapon.Theoretical design guideline for choosing the additives with high phase transition temperature and low phase transition enthalpy is also proposed,which greatly improves the total entropy change and reduce the absolute entropy change of the aerosol cooling process,and gives rise to an enhanced stability of the water-based aerosol.The theoretical calculation methodology contributes to an abstemious time and space for sieving the water-based aerosol with desirable performance and stability,and provides the powerful guarantee to the homeland security.展开更多
Currently,light-transmitting,energy-saving,and electromagnetic shielding materials are essential for reducing indoor energy consumption and improving the electromagnetic environment.Here,we developed a cellulose compo...Currently,light-transmitting,energy-saving,and electromagnetic shielding materials are essential for reducing indoor energy consumption and improving the electromagnetic environment.Here,we developed a cellulose composite with excellent optical transmittance that retained the natural shape and fiber structure of bamboo.The modified whole bamboo possessed an impressive optical transmittance of approximately 60%at 6.23 mm,illuminance of 1000 luminance(lux),water absorption stability(mass change rate less than 4%),longitudinal tensile strength(46.40 MPa),and surface properties(80.2 HD).These were attributed to not only the retention of the natural circular hollow structure of the bamboo rod on the macro,but also the complete bamboo fiber skeleton template impregnated with UV resin on the micro.Moreover,a multilayered device consisting of translucent whole bamboo,transparent bamboo sheets,and electromagnetic shielding film exhibited remarkable heat insulation and heat preservation performance as well as an electromagnetic shielding performance of 46.3 dB.The impressive optical transmittance,mechanical properties,thermal performance,and electromagnetic shielding abilities combined with the renewable and sustainable nature,as well as the fast and efficient manufacturing process,make this bamboo composite material suitable for effective application in transparent,energy-saving,and electromagnetic shielding buildings.展开更多
Wind energy is one of the most promising and renewable energy sources;however,owing to the limitations of device structures,collecting low-speed wind energy by triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)is still a huge challe...Wind energy is one of the most promising and renewable energy sources;however,owing to the limitations of device structures,collecting low-speed wind energy by triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)is still a huge challenge.To solve this problem,an ultra-durable and highly efficient windmill-like hybrid nanogenerator(W-HNG)is developed.Herein,the W-HNG composes coupled TENG and electromagnetic generator(EMG)and adopts a rotational contact-separation mode.This unique design efficiently avoids the wear of friction materials and ensures a prolonged service life.Moreover,the generator group is separated from the wind-driven part,which successfully prevents rotation resistance induced by the friction between rotor and stator in the conventional structures,and realizes low-speed wind energy harvesting.Additionally,the output characteristics of TENG can be complementary to the different performance advantages of EMG to achieve a satisfactory power production.The device is successfully driven when the wind speed is 1.8 m s−1,and the output power of TENG and EMG can achieve 0.95 and 3.7 mW,respectively.After power management,the W-HNG has been successfully applied as a power source for electronic devices.This work provides a simple,reliable,and durable device for improved performance toward large-scale low-speed breeze energy harvesting.展开更多
Here,this work presents an air-stable ultrabright inverted organic lightemitting device(OLED)by using zinc ionchelated polyethylenimine(PEI)as electron injection layer.The zinc chelation is demonstrated to increase th...Here,this work presents an air-stable ultrabright inverted organic lightemitting device(OLED)by using zinc ionchelated polyethylenimine(PEI)as electron injection layer.The zinc chelation is demonstrated to increase the conductivity of the PEI by three orders of magnitude and passivate the polar amine groups.With these physicochemical properties,the inverted OLED shows a record-high external quantum efficiency of 10.0% at a high brightness of 45,610 cd m^(-2) and can deliver a maximum brightness of 121,865 cd m^(-2).Besides,the inverted OLED is also demonstrated to possess an excellent air stability(humidity,35%)with a half-brightness operating time of 541 h@1000 cd m^(-2) without any protection nor encapsulation.展开更多
With the increasing scarcity of Earth’s resources and the development of space science and technology,the exploration, development, and utilization of deep space-specific material resources(minerals, water ice, volat...With the increasing scarcity of Earth’s resources and the development of space science and technology,the exploration, development, and utilization of deep space-specific material resources(minerals, water ice, volatile compounds, etc.) are not only important to supplement the resources and reserves on Earth but also provide a material foundation for establishing extraterrestrial research bases. To achieve large depth in-situ condition-preserved coring(ICP-Coring) in the extreme lunar environment, first, lunar rock simulant was selected(SZU-1), which has a material composition, element distribution, and physical and mechanical properties that are approximately equivalent to those of lunar mare basalt. Second, the influence of the lunar-based in-situ environment on the phase, microstructure, and thermal physical properties(specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal expansion coefficient)of SZU-1 was explored and compared with the measured lunar rock data. It was found that in an air atmosphere, low temperature has a more pronounced effect on the relative content of olivine than other temperatures, while in a vacuum atmosphere, the relative contents of olivine and anorthite are significantly affected only at temperatures of approximately-20 and 200 ℃. When the vacuum level is less than100 Pa, the contribution of air conduction can be almost neglected, whereas it becomes dominant above this threshold. Additionally, as the testing temperature increases, the surface of SZU-1 exhibits increased microcracking, fracture opening, and unevenness, while the specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity,and thermal expansion coefficient show nonlinear increases. Conversely, the thermal diffusivity exhibits a nonlinear decreasing trend. The relationship between thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and temperature can be effectively described by an exponential function(R^(2)>0.98). The research results are consistent with previous studies on real lunar rocks. These research findings are expected to be applied in the development of the test and analysis systems of ICP-Coring in a lunar environment and the exploration of the mechanism of machine-rock interaction in the in-situ drilling and coring process.展开更多
The classification of spatial characteristics and discharge modes of dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)are gaining increasing attention in industrial applications,especially in the field of surface treatment of materia...The classification of spatial characteristics and discharge modes of dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)are gaining increasing attention in industrial applications,especially in the field of surface treatment of materials.In this work,gray level histogram(GLH)and Fourier energy spectrum based on the digital image processing tech no logy are applied to investigate the spatial structure and discharge mode of mesh-plate DBD.The coefficient of variation(CV)is calculated to describe the uniformity of the discharge.The results show that the discharge mode of mesh-plate DBD changes from periodic discharge to filamentary discharge when the applied voltage increases from 11-15 kV.Moreover,a more regular spatial structure is obtained under lower applied voltages during the discharge process.It is also found that the apertures of mesh electrodes which are below 1 mm have smaller values of CV compared to plate electrodes,indicating more uniform discharge.Finally,polypropylene is treated by mesh-plate DBD for surface modification.The hydrophilicity is significantly improved as the water contact angle decreased by 64°,and the dyeing depth is also enhanced.展开更多
In this study, dielectric barrier discharge plasma and ozone(O_3) were combined to synergistically degrade trans-ferulic acid(FA), and the effect of water quality on FA degradation was studied. The results showed that...In this study, dielectric barrier discharge plasma and ozone(O_3) were combined to synergistically degrade trans-ferulic acid(FA), and the effect of water quality on FA degradation was studied. The results showed that 96.9% of FA was degraded after 40 min treatment by the plasma/O_3 process. FA degradation efficiency increased with the p H values. The presence of suspended solid and humic acid inhibited FA degradation. FA degradation efficiency increased as the water temperature increased to 30 °C. However, the further increase in water temperature was adverse for FA degradation. Effects of common inorganic ions on FA degradation were also investigated. The addition of Cl^- inhibited the FA degradation, whileCO_3^(2-) had both negative and positive influences on FA degradation.NO_3^- andSO_4^(2-) did not have significant effect on FA degradation. Fe^(3+)and Cu^(2+)benefited FA degradation through the Fenton-like and catalytic ozonation reactions.展开更多
基金Key Projects of Clinical Research Center of Shanghai Mental Health Center(grant number CRC2018ZD02)key supporting projects of Clinical Research Center of Shanghai Mental Health Center(grant number SHDC 2020CR6023)+2 种基金Research and DevelopmentProgramof China(grant number 2016YFC1307100)Shanghai Key Project of Science and Technology(grant number 2018SHZDZX05)Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 81771465,81801338 and 81930033).
文摘Background The association between inflammation and major depressive disorder(MDD)remains poorly understood,given the heterogeneity of patients with MDD.Aims We investigated inflammatory markers,such as interleukin(IL)-6,high-sensitivity C reactive protein(hsCRP)and tumour necrosis factor-α.(TNF-α)in melancholic,atypical and anxious depression and explored whether baseline inflammatory protein levels could indicate prognosis.Methods The sample consisted of participants(aged 18-55 years)from a previously reported multicentre randomised controlled trial with a parallel-group design registered with ClinicalTrials.gov,including melancholic(n=44),atypical(n=37)and anxious(n=44)patients with depression and healthy controls(HCs)(n=33).Subtypes of MDD were classified according to the 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology,Self-Rated Version and the.17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale.Blood levels.of TNF-α,IL-6 and hsCRP were assessed using antibody array analysis.Results Patients with MDD,classified according to melancholic,atypical and anxious depression subtypes,and HCs did not differ significantly in baseline TNF-α,IL-6 and hsCRP levels after adjustment.In patients with anxious depression,hsCRP levels increased significantly if they experienced no pain(adjusted(adj.)p=0.010)or mild to moderate pain(adj.p=0.038)compared with those with severe pain.However,the patients with anxious depression and severe pain showed a lower trend in hsCRP levels than patients with atypical depression who experienced severe pain(p=0.022;adj.p=0.155).Baseline TNF-α(adj.p=0.038)and IL-6(adj.p=0.006)levels in patients in remission were significantly lower than those in patients with no remission among the participants with the atypical depression subtype at the eighth-week follow-up.Conclusions This study provides evidence of differences in inflammatory proteins in patients with varied symptoms among melancholic,atypical and anxious depression subtypes.Further studies on the immunoinflammatory mechanism underlying different subtypes of depression are expected for improved individualised therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52225403,U2013603,52434004,and 52404365)the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams(No.2019ZT08G315)+2 种基金the Shenzhen National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.RCJC20210706091948015)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF0615404)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of Shenzhen University。
文摘The lunar surface and its deep layers contain abundant resources and valuable information resources,the exploration and exploitation of which are important for the sustainable development of the human economy and society.Technological exploration and research in the field of deep space science,especially lunar-based exploration,is a scientific strategy that has been pursued in China and worldwide.Drilling and sampling are key to accurate exploration of the desirable characteristics of deep lunar resources.In this study,an in-situ condition preserved coring(ICP-Coring)and analysis system,which can be used to test drilling tools and develop effective sampling strategies,was designed.The key features of the system include:(1)capability to replicate the extreme temperature fluctuations of the lunar environment(-185 to 200℃)with intelligent temperature control;(2)ability to maintain a vacuum environment at a scale of 10^(-3) Pa,both under unloaded conditions within Ф580 mm×1000 mm test chamber,and under loaded conditions using Ф400 mm×800 mm lunar rock simulant;(3)application of axial pressures up to 4 MPa and confining pressures up to 3.5 MPa;(4)sample rotation at any angle with a maximum sampling length of 800 mm;and(5)multiple modes of rotary-percussive drilling,controlled by penetration speed and weight on bit(WOB).Experimental studies on the drilling characteristics in the lunar rock simulant-loaded state under different drill bit-percussive-vacuum environment configurations were conducted.The results show that the outgassing rate of the lunar soil simulant is greater than that of the lunar rock simulant and that a low-temperature environment contributes to a reduced vacuum of the lunar-based simulated environment.The rotary-percussive drilling method effectively shortens the sampling time.With increasing sampling depth,the temperature rise of the drilling tools tends to rapidly increase,followed by slow growth or steady fluctuations.The temperature rise energy accumulation of the drill bits under vacuum is more significant than that under atmospheric pressure,approximately 1.47 times higher.The real-time monitored drilling pressure,penetration speed and rotary torque during drilling serve as parameters for discriminating the drilling status.The results of this research can provide a scientific basis for returning samples from lunar rock in extreme lunar-based environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12271017)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2022MA018)by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12171221)。
文摘The Q_(K)(p)-Teichmüller space is introduced and studied in this paper.Various characterizations of the Q_(K)(p)-Teichmüller space and the Q_(K,0)(p)-Teichmüller space are given.Their Schwarzian derivative model and pre-logarithmic derivative model are also discussed.
基金supported by the Preparation and Characterization of Fogging Agents,Cooperative Project of China(Grant No.1900030040)Preparation and Test of Fogging Agents,Cooperative Project of China(Grant No.2200030085)。
文摘Water-based aerosol is widely used as an effective strategy in electro-optical countermeasure on the battlefield used to the preponderance of high efficiency,low cost and eco-friendly.Unfortunately,the stability of the water-based aerosol is always unsatisfactory due to the rapid evaporation and sedimentation of the aerosol droplets.Great efforts have been devoted to improve the stability of water-based aerosol by using additives with different composition and proportion.However,the lack of the criterion and principle for screening the effective additives results in excessive experimental time consumption and cost.And the stabilization time of the aerosol is still only 30 min,which could not meet the requirements of the perdurable interference.Herein,to improve the stability of water-based aerosol and optimize the complex formulation efficiently,a theoretical calculation method based on thermodynamic entropy theory is proposed.All the factors that influence the shielding effect,including polyol,stabilizer,propellant,water and cosolvent,are considered within calculation.An ultra-stable water-based aerosol with long duration over 120 min is obtained with the optimal fogging agent composition,providing enough time for fighting the electro-optic weapon.Theoretical design guideline for choosing the additives with high phase transition temperature and low phase transition enthalpy is also proposed,which greatly improves the total entropy change and reduce the absolute entropy change of the aerosol cooling process,and gives rise to an enhanced stability of the water-based aerosol.The theoretical calculation methodology contributes to an abstemious time and space for sieving the water-based aerosol with desirable performance and stability,and provides the powerful guarantee to the homeland security.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 32071687 and 52273247)Jiangsu Qinglan Project
文摘Currently,light-transmitting,energy-saving,and electromagnetic shielding materials are essential for reducing indoor energy consumption and improving the electromagnetic environment.Here,we developed a cellulose composite with excellent optical transmittance that retained the natural shape and fiber structure of bamboo.The modified whole bamboo possessed an impressive optical transmittance of approximately 60%at 6.23 mm,illuminance of 1000 luminance(lux),water absorption stability(mass change rate less than 4%),longitudinal tensile strength(46.40 MPa),and surface properties(80.2 HD).These were attributed to not only the retention of the natural circular hollow structure of the bamboo rod on the macro,but also the complete bamboo fiber skeleton template impregnated with UV resin on the micro.Moreover,a multilayered device consisting of translucent whole bamboo,transparent bamboo sheets,and electromagnetic shielding film exhibited remarkable heat insulation and heat preservation performance as well as an electromagnetic shielding performance of 46.3 dB.The impressive optical transmittance,mechanical properties,thermal performance,and electromagnetic shielding abilities combined with the renewable and sustainable nature,as well as the fast and efficient manufacturing process,make this bamboo composite material suitable for effective application in transparent,energy-saving,and electromagnetic shielding buildings.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(Grant No.cstc2017jcyjAX0307)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.CYFH201821,2020CDCGJ005,2018CDQYWL0046,2019CDXZWL001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51402112).
文摘Wind energy is one of the most promising and renewable energy sources;however,owing to the limitations of device structures,collecting low-speed wind energy by triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)is still a huge challenge.To solve this problem,an ultra-durable and highly efficient windmill-like hybrid nanogenerator(W-HNG)is developed.Herein,the W-HNG composes coupled TENG and electromagnetic generator(EMG)and adopts a rotational contact-separation mode.This unique design efficiently avoids the wear of friction materials and ensures a prolonged service life.Moreover,the generator group is separated from the wind-driven part,which successfully prevents rotation resistance induced by the friction between rotor and stator in the conventional structures,and realizes low-speed wind energy harvesting.Additionally,the output characteristics of TENG can be complementary to the different performance advantages of EMG to achieve a satisfactory power production.The device is successfully driven when the wind speed is 1.8 m s−1,and the output power of TENG and EMG can achieve 0.95 and 3.7 mW,respectively.After power management,the W-HNG has been successfully applied as a power source for electronic devices.This work provides a simple,reliable,and durable device for improved performance toward large-scale low-speed breeze energy harvesting.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61905086,62174067,62175085)Science and Technology Development Planning of Jilin Province(Project Nos.20190101024JH,20200201296JC)+1 种基金the Hong Kong Scholars Program(Project No.XJ2020028)grants from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Project Nos.11300418 and 11300419).
文摘Here,this work presents an air-stable ultrabright inverted organic lightemitting device(OLED)by using zinc ionchelated polyethylenimine(PEI)as electron injection layer.The zinc chelation is demonstrated to increase the conductivity of the PEI by three orders of magnitude and passivate the polar amine groups.With these physicochemical properties,the inverted OLED shows a record-high external quantum efficiency of 10.0% at a high brightness of 45,610 cd m^(-2) and can deliver a maximum brightness of 121,865 cd m^(-2).Besides,the inverted OLED is also demonstrated to possess an excellent air stability(humidity,35%)with a half-brightness operating time of 541 h@1000 cd m^(-2) without any protection nor encapsulation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2013603 and 52225403)the Program for Guangdong Introducing Innovative and Entrepreneurial Teams(No.2019ZT08G315)the Shenzhen National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.RCJC20210706091948015).
文摘With the increasing scarcity of Earth’s resources and the development of space science and technology,the exploration, development, and utilization of deep space-specific material resources(minerals, water ice, volatile compounds, etc.) are not only important to supplement the resources and reserves on Earth but also provide a material foundation for establishing extraterrestrial research bases. To achieve large depth in-situ condition-preserved coring(ICP-Coring) in the extreme lunar environment, first, lunar rock simulant was selected(SZU-1), which has a material composition, element distribution, and physical and mechanical properties that are approximately equivalent to those of lunar mare basalt. Second, the influence of the lunar-based in-situ environment on the phase, microstructure, and thermal physical properties(specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and thermal expansion coefficient)of SZU-1 was explored and compared with the measured lunar rock data. It was found that in an air atmosphere, low temperature has a more pronounced effect on the relative content of olivine than other temperatures, while in a vacuum atmosphere, the relative contents of olivine and anorthite are significantly affected only at temperatures of approximately-20 and 200 ℃. When the vacuum level is less than100 Pa, the contribution of air conduction can be almost neglected, whereas it becomes dominant above this threshold. Additionally, as the testing temperature increases, the surface of SZU-1 exhibits increased microcracking, fracture opening, and unevenness, while the specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity,and thermal expansion coefficient show nonlinear increases. Conversely, the thermal diffusivity exhibits a nonlinear decreasing trend. The relationship between thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and temperature can be effectively described by an exponential function(R^(2)>0.98). The research results are consistent with previous studies on real lunar rocks. These research findings are expected to be applied in the development of the test and analysis systems of ICP-Coring in a lunar environment and the exploration of the mechanism of machine-rock interaction in the in-situ drilling and coring process.
基金financial support from the Joint Funds of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1462105)
文摘The classification of spatial characteristics and discharge modes of dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)are gaining increasing attention in industrial applications,especially in the field of surface treatment of materials.In this work,gray level histogram(GLH)and Fourier energy spectrum based on the digital image processing tech no logy are applied to investigate the spatial structure and discharge mode of mesh-plate DBD.The coefficient of variation(CV)is calculated to describe the uniformity of the discharge.The results show that the discharge mode of mesh-plate DBD changes from periodic discharge to filamentary discharge when the applied voltage increases from 11-15 kV.Moreover,a more regular spatial structure is obtained under lower applied voltages during the discharge process.It is also found that the apertures of mesh electrodes which are below 1 mm have smaller values of CV compared to plate electrodes,indicating more uniform discharge.Finally,polypropylene is treated by mesh-plate DBD for surface modification.The hydrophilicity is significantly improved as the water contact angle decreased by 64°,and the dyeing depth is also enhanced.
文摘In this study, dielectric barrier discharge plasma and ozone(O_3) were combined to synergistically degrade trans-ferulic acid(FA), and the effect of water quality on FA degradation was studied. The results showed that 96.9% of FA was degraded after 40 min treatment by the plasma/O_3 process. FA degradation efficiency increased with the p H values. The presence of suspended solid and humic acid inhibited FA degradation. FA degradation efficiency increased as the water temperature increased to 30 °C. However, the further increase in water temperature was adverse for FA degradation. Effects of common inorganic ions on FA degradation were also investigated. The addition of Cl^- inhibited the FA degradation, whileCO_3^(2-) had both negative and positive influences on FA degradation.NO_3^- andSO_4^(2-) did not have significant effect on FA degradation. Fe^(3+)and Cu^(2+)benefited FA degradation through the Fenton-like and catalytic ozonation reactions.
