Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are promising energy storage systems because of high theoretical energy density,safety,low cost,and abundance of zinc.However,the slow multi-step reaction of oxygen and heavy reliance on noble-...Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are promising energy storage systems because of high theoretical energy density,safety,low cost,and abundance of zinc.However,the slow multi-step reaction of oxygen and heavy reliance on noble-metal catalysts hinder the practical applications of ZABs.Therefore,feasible and advanced non-noble-metal elec-trocatalysts for air cathodes need to be identified to promote the oxygen catalytic reaction.In this review,we initially introduced the advancement of ZABs in the past two decades and provided an overview of key developments in this field.Then,we discussed the work-ing mechanism and the design of bifunctional electrocatalysts from the perspective of morphology design,crystal structure tuning,interface strategy,and atomic engineering.We also included theoretical studies,machine learning,and advanced characterization technologies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure-performance relationship of electrocatalysts and the reaction pathways of the oxygen redox reactions.Finally,we discussed the challenges and prospects related to designing advanced non-noble-metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for ZABs.展开更多
The lithium(Li)metal anode is widely regarded as an ideal anode material for high-energy-density batteries.However,uncontrolled Li dendrite growth often leads to unfavorable interfaces and low Coulombic efficiency(CE)...The lithium(Li)metal anode is widely regarded as an ideal anode material for high-energy-density batteries.However,uncontrolled Li dendrite growth often leads to unfavorable interfaces and low Coulombic efficiency(CE),limiting its broader application.Herein,an ether-based electrolyte(termed FGN-182)is formulated,exhibiting ultra-stable Li metal anodes through the incorporation of LiFSI and LiNO3 as dual salts.The synergistic effect of the dual salts facilitates the formation of a highly robust SEI film with fast Li+transport kinetics.Notably,Li||Cu half cells exhibit an average CE reaching up to 99.56%.In particular,pouch cells equipped with high-loading lithium cobalt oxide(LCO,3 mAh cm^(-2))cathodes,ultrathin Li chips(25μm),and lean electrolytes(5 g Ah-1)demonstrate outstanding cycling performance,retaining 80%capacity after 125 cycles.To address the gas issue in the cathode under high voltage,cathode additives 1,3,6-tricyanohexane is incorporated with FGN-182;the resulting high-voltage LCO||Li(4.4 V)pouch cells can cycle steadily over 93 cycles.This study demonstrates that,even with the use of ether-based electrolytes,it is possible to simultaneously achieve significant improvements in both high Li utilization and electrolyte tolerance to high voltage by exploring appropriate functional additives for both the cathode and anode.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No:22309180)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No:XDB0600000,XDB0600400)+3 种基金Liaoning Binhai Laboratory,(Grant No:LILBLB-2023-04)Dalian Revitalization Talents Program(Grant No:2022RG01)Youth Science and Technology Foundation of Dalian(Grant No:2023RQ015)the University of Waterloo.
文摘Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are promising energy storage systems because of high theoretical energy density,safety,low cost,and abundance of zinc.However,the slow multi-step reaction of oxygen and heavy reliance on noble-metal catalysts hinder the practical applications of ZABs.Therefore,feasible and advanced non-noble-metal elec-trocatalysts for air cathodes need to be identified to promote the oxygen catalytic reaction.In this review,we initially introduced the advancement of ZABs in the past two decades and provided an overview of key developments in this field.Then,we discussed the work-ing mechanism and the design of bifunctional electrocatalysts from the perspective of morphology design,crystal structure tuning,interface strategy,and atomic engineering.We also included theoretical studies,machine learning,and advanced characterization technologies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure-performance relationship of electrocatalysts and the reaction pathways of the oxygen redox reactions.Finally,we discussed the challenges and prospects related to designing advanced non-noble-metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for ZABs.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2502103)the Xiamen Science and Technology Project(3502Z20231057)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22279107 and 22288102)J.You,R.Wei,and L.Niu acknowledge the China Scholarship Council(CSC)for a doctoral scholarship(Grant Nos.202006310030,202108530138,and 202108530139).
文摘The lithium(Li)metal anode is widely regarded as an ideal anode material for high-energy-density batteries.However,uncontrolled Li dendrite growth often leads to unfavorable interfaces and low Coulombic efficiency(CE),limiting its broader application.Herein,an ether-based electrolyte(termed FGN-182)is formulated,exhibiting ultra-stable Li metal anodes through the incorporation of LiFSI and LiNO3 as dual salts.The synergistic effect of the dual salts facilitates the formation of a highly robust SEI film with fast Li+transport kinetics.Notably,Li||Cu half cells exhibit an average CE reaching up to 99.56%.In particular,pouch cells equipped with high-loading lithium cobalt oxide(LCO,3 mAh cm^(-2))cathodes,ultrathin Li chips(25μm),and lean electrolytes(5 g Ah-1)demonstrate outstanding cycling performance,retaining 80%capacity after 125 cycles.To address the gas issue in the cathode under high voltage,cathode additives 1,3,6-tricyanohexane is incorporated with FGN-182;the resulting high-voltage LCO||Li(4.4 V)pouch cells can cycle steadily over 93 cycles.This study demonstrates that,even with the use of ether-based electrolytes,it is possible to simultaneously achieve significant improvements in both high Li utilization and electrolyte tolerance to high voltage by exploring appropriate functional additives for both the cathode and anode.
